苦碟子注射液联合弥可保治疗糖尿病周围神经病变疗效及对氧化应激的影响

目的：观察苦碟子注射液联合弥可保治疗糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的临床疗效和对氧化应激的影响,以期为临床应用提供参考。方法：将68例DPN患者随机分为治疗组（n=34）与对照组（n=34）,治疗组给予苦碟子注射液与弥可保联合静脉滴注,对照组单用弥可保静脉滴注。两组均为1次／d,14d为1个疗程。治疗前后,通过神经病变主觉症状问卷对两组患者进行TSS评分,检查患者神经传导速度,检测患者血清丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平。结果：经过治疗,与对照组比较,观察组TSS评分显著降低（P〈0．01）,神经传导速度明显加快（P〈0．05）,患者血清MDA含量明显降低（P〈0．05）,SOD活性则明显增强（P〈0．05）。结论：苦碟子注射液联合弥可保能显著改善DPN患者临床症状。增加神经传导速度,减轻氢化应激。     

维生素C对肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肠系膜微动脉收缩反应性的影响及其机制

目的 研究乙型肝炎后肝硬化门静脉高压症(portal hypertension,PHT)患者的肠系膜微动脉经大剂量维生素C处理后对去甲肾上腺素收缩反应性的变化,探讨维生素C改善PHT内脏血管低反应的机制.方法 取2010年1月至2011年6月在上海仁济医院手术治疗的患者,其中非PHT组6例,PHT组11例,将后者随机分为维生素C治疗组和安慰剂治疗组.在入院后和麻醉诱导开始前抽血测定血浆丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)浓度,术中测定门静脉压力,取空肠旁第三级肠系膜血管及其系膜,利用血管灌流系统测定肠系膜微动脉对去甲肾上腺素的反应,用Western blot方法测定RhoA/ROCK通路中相关蛋白量的表达以及活性的改变.结果 肝硬化PHT患者血浆MDA值远高于非PHT患者,经维生素C治疗后肝硬化PHT患者血浆MDA值明显降低；与非PHT患者相比较,肝硬化PHT患者的离体肠系膜微动脉对去甲肾上腺素剂量反应曲线右移,EC50增大,经维生素C治疗后上述表现逆转；3组患者肠系膜动脉RhoA蛋白量均无明显变化,但是肝硬化PHT患者的ROCK-1蛋白量和活性明显降低,经维生素C治疗后ROCK-1蛋白量和活性显著升高.结论 肝硬化PHT患者处于氧化应激状态,大剂量维生素C治疗能降低PHT患者氧化应激水平,改善了PHT患者肠系膜微动脉对去甲肾上腺素收缩的低反应性,其机制与提高了RhoA/ROCK通路中ROCK蛋白量和活性有关.     

A potential drug combination of omeprazole and patchouli alcohol significantly normalizes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced rat model

Omeprazole (OME) is a representative of proton pump inhibitors and widely used in anti-ulcer treatment. However, OME may cause some inevitable side effects and the long-term consequences of OME could increase the risk of diarrhea. Patchouli Alcohol (PA), the main extract of Pogostemonis Herba, have demonstrated benefits in treating gastric ulcer (GU) with low toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the synergistically protective effects of OME and PA against ethanol-induced GU in rats to study the involvement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, the anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in H₂O₂-induced gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were determined, as well as the modulation of signaling proteins. The results demonstrated that PA alone or combined with OME provided remarkable benefits by reducing ulcer areas, modulating oxidant stress and inflammatory factors and the therapeutic efficacy was showed to be dose-dependent, which were partly superior to that of high-dose OME only. Additionally, co-treated regimen could superiorly down-regulate cell apoptosis and regulate the levels of oxidant activities and inflammatory cytokines on H₂O₂-induced GES-1 cells and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, which involved with cleaved caspase 3, Bcl-2 and BAX protein expressions and MAPK pathway. We provided a new understanding that the combination of OME and PA possessed gastroprotective effects on modulating cell apoptosis, antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory responses against GU. Therefore, PA was inferred to take a potential and critic role in gastric mucosa protection.     

白癜风患者血浆中氧化与抗氧化相关指标的检测

目的通过对白癜风患者及健康对照者血浆中氧化与抗氧化相关指标——超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、维生素E(VitE)及一氧化氮(NO)表达水平的测定,探讨氧化应激在白癜风发病机制及疾病发展中的作用和意义。方法选择60例白癜风患者(患者组)和40名健康志愿者(健康对照组)为研究对象,化学法检测血浆中SOD,CAT,GSH-Px的活性及MDA,VE和NO的含量。结果患者组血浆中MDA含量及SOD活性明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01),而GSH-Px活性明显低于健康对照组(P<0.01);进展期白癜风患者血浆中MDA的含量及SOD的活性明显高于稳定期白癜风组(P<0.01),而GSH-Px活性明显低于稳定期白癜风患者(P<0.01);随MDA含量增加,GSH-Px活性逐渐降低,呈显著负相关关系(r=-0.337,P<0.01),而SOD活性逐渐升高,呈显著正相关关系(r=0.347,P<0.01);而在进展期和稳定期白癜风患者血浆中CAT,VE和NO的含量与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论白癜风患者血浆中存在氧化-抗氧化失衡,白癜风的发病及病情活动与氧化应激可能相关。     

前列腺素E_1对新生大鼠高氧肺损伤的影响

目的:探讨前列腺素E1(Prostaglandin E1,PGE1)对高氧诱发新生大鼠肺损伤的影响。方法:选用新生Wistar乳鼠90只,随机均分为3组(空气对照组,高氧模型组和PGE1治疗组)。每组大鼠于第3、7及14天分别处死各10只,采用硫代巴比妥酸法及考马斯亮蓝方法检测丙二醛(MDA)及总蛋白(TP)水平;光镜下观察肺组织的病理变化,采用免疫组化染色观察肺组织中结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达。结果:高氧模型组BALF中MDA水平、TP水平、肺组织中CTGF、IFN-γ及TNF-α的表达强度明显高于空气对照组,PGE1治疗组BALF中MDA水平、TP水平、肺组织中CTGF、IFN-γ及TNF-α的表达强度明显低于高氧模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:前列腺素E1对新生Wistar乳鼠高氧肺损伤有保护作用,其作用机制可能与抑制氧自由基和细胞因子的释放有关。     

Enhanced oxidative stress is an early event during development of Alzheimer-like pathologies in presenilin conditional knock-out mice

Conditional double knock-out of presenilin-1 (PS1) and presenilin-2 (PS2) (PS cDKO) in forebrain of mice led to progressive memory dysfunction and forebrain degeneration. These changes in the brain recapitulated most of the neurodegenerative phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxidative stress in brain tissues is intimately related to AD. In this report, we examined oxidative stress status in cerebral cortex in 2-, 4- and 7-month PS cDKO and the age- and gender-matched control mice (WT). Lipid peroxidation (MDA as the measure) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyl as the measure) were found to be significantly increased in PS cDKO mice over the age points examined, notably in those at 2-month, suggesting that oxidative stress is an early event in response to PS loss-of-function. The oxidative modification of cortical proteins was further confirmed by Oxyblot assay. The investigations into endogenous antioxidant defense (CAT, SOD and GSH-px as measures) revealed a compensatory defense against oxidative stress, particularly at the early age stage, in PS cDKO mice. The expression level of cortical glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) increased in an age-related manner, in particular in 2-month PS cDKO mice, suggesting that the interaction relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory response may be closely associated with the underlying loss-of-function pathogenesis of AD.     

益气活血解毒汤对实验性家兔急性心肌缺血一氧化氮、内皮素和丙二醛的影响

目的探讨益气活血解毒汤对家兔心肌缺血模型的血清一氧化氮（NO）含量、血浆内皮素（ET）含量和肌浆丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响及其保护缺血心肌的作用机制。方法健康日本大耳白兔24只随机分成空白对照组、模型组、益气活血解毒汤组、西药组，每组6只，在正常饲养的基础上连续分别以生理盐水、益气活血解毒汤4g／kg、硝酸异山梨酯2．5mg／kg灌胃6d，后三组于末次给药后1h，于乌拉坦全身麻醉下结扎动物冠状动脉，造成心肌缺血动物模型；观察各组血清NO、血浆ET及肌浆MDA参数。结果益气活血解毒汤组NO含量明显高于模型组，ET、MDA含量明显低于模型组。结论益气活血解毒汤能改善血管内皮功能及减轻氧自由基损伤，从而具有保护心肌缺血的作用。     

芪冬活血饮对油酸致急性肺损伤大鼠氧化/抗氧化失衡的调节作用

目的观察芪冬活血饮对油酸所致大鼠急性肺损伤氧化/抗氧化失衡的作用。方法将Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、地塞米松组、中药组、中药加地塞米松组5组,每组16只,观察各组肺组织病理学改变,计算肺系数、含水量,检测血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果和空白对照组比较,各组肺系数、肺含水量及MDA指标均有不同程度增高(P<0.05);各组SOD均减低(P<0.05)。地塞米松组和中药加地塞米松组的肺系数、肺含水量及MDA均较模型组低(P<0.05)。结论芪冬活血饮和地塞米松对油酸所致大鼠急性肺损伤均有干预作用,两者有一定的相加作用。芪冬活血饮对大鼠急性肺损伤的干预作用机制与调节氧化/抗氧化失衡有关。     

不同溶液小容量复苏对内毒素休克大鼠肾组织病理和氧化应激的影响

目的 探讨7.5％高渗氯化钠、羟乙基淀粉液130/0.4(万汶)和高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉不同液体小容量复苏对内毒素休克大鼠肾损害及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的影响.方法 30只SD大鼠完全随机分5组(n=6):正常组(N组)、内毒素休克组(LPS,E组)、7.5％高渗氯化钠溶液复苏组(LPS+HSS,HSS组)、羟乙基淀粉液130/0.4(万汶)复苏组(LPS+HES,HES组)、高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40溶液复苏组(LPS+HSH,HSH组).除N组外,各组在静注内毒素(LPS)后进行小容量复苏.记录不同时间点心率及收缩压.复苏60 min后取肾标本行病理学检查,测定肾皮质匀浆MDA浓度和SOD活性,计算肾干湿质量比.结果 内毒素休克大鼠心率增快、动脉收缩压下降;复苏后心率减慢,动脉血压回升.E组局部出现肾小管坏死、肾小球足突融合、基底膜沉积物;复苏组病理改变减轻.E组SOD活性下降[(125.27±32.28) U/ml比(340.53±42.25) U/ml,P＜0.05];MDA含量增加[(1.08±0.15)μmol/L比(0.35±0.08)μmol/L,P＜0.05].小容量复苏后,HES和HSH复苏组MDA含量下降[(0.64±0.18) μmol/L和(0.63±0.15) μmol/L比(1.08±0.15)μmol/L,P＜0.05];HSS、HES和HSH组的SOD活性增强[ (233.06±75.60) U/ml和(210.21±52.73) U/ml和(231.22±77.78) U/ml比(125.27±32.28)U/ml,P＜0.05].结论 内毒素休克大鼠肾损伤明显,不同液体小容量复苏后氧化损伤减轻,肾脏病理改变减轻.     

经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术及即刻支架植入术对内皮素和丙二醛的影响

目的研究经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)及即刻支架植入术(PTCA＆S)对冠心病患者血浆内皮素(FT)和丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响。方法20例冠心病患者行PTCA&S术,分别于PTCA前,PTCA后5min,支架后即刻(0min)、5min和10min同时采集冠状静脉窦(Cs)及外周静脉(Pv)血,于术后12h、1d、3d、7d继续采集外周静脉血,测定ET-1和MDA水平。结果Cs中ET-1水平于PTCA后5min升高(P<0．05),支架后即刻达到峰值(P<0．01),Pv中ET-1水平在支架后即刻和术后12h呈现大小两个高峰(P<0．01和P<0．05);Cs中MDA水平在PTCA后5min即有升高(P<0．05),支架后5min达峰值(P<0．01),Pv中在支架后5min升高(P<0．05),支架后10min达峰值(P<0．01)。结论PTCA&S术后ET-1呈两次释放,MDA水平的峰值时间较ET-1延迟,提示术后ET-1与活性氧介质相互促进,可能与术后血管痉挛、血栓形成和心肌顿抑等有密切关系。