Prolonged clinical benefit from the maintenance hormone therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer

ObjectiveWe investigated the efficacy of maintenance hormone therapy (MHT), which was given to hormone positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients in non-progression status to the previous chemotherapy.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 76 MBC patients who had been treated with MHT from 2006 to 2010 at a single institute.ResultsFor the 76 patients reviewed, the median progression free survival (PFS) to MHT was 14.4 months (95% CI, 11.6–17.3). Prolonged PFS was associated with less previous palliative chemotherapy, fewer metastatic sites, and the absence of visceral metastasis in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that only the number of previous palliative chemotherapy (HR 1.73, 95% CI, 1.00–2.98; P = 0.04) remained as a significant variable. MHT was generally well tolerated.ConclusionsMHT showed considerable efficacy and tolerability in this study. Further randomized prospective study is warranted.     

非遗传因素与肝移植患者他克莫司维持剂量的相关性研究

目的：探讨肝移植患者接受他克莫司（FK 506）维持剂量的相关因素。方法：回顾性分析肝移植术后接受以FK 506为基础的免疫抑制方案、服药约4个月血药浓度维持在5~8 μg·L-1的50例患者的年龄、性别、体重、肝肾功能、血浆白蛋白水平等与FK 506维持剂量的相关性。结果：不同性别的患者FK 506维持剂量无统计学差异。FK 506维持剂量/浓度与患者谷丙转氨酶（r=-0.507,p<0.05）、谷草转氨酶（r=-0.505,p<0.05）水平负相关;与年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、肌酐清除率及白蛋白等相关性弱。结论：临床应兼顾患者肝功能等,制定FK 506个体化给药方案。     

高压球囊扩张术联合溶栓治疗老年MHD患者AVF的疗效及安全性

目的 观察高压球囊扩张术联合溶栓治疗老年维持性血液透析(MHD)患者动静脉内瘘(AVF)狭窄的疗效及安全性。方法 选取2019年2月至2021年2月于自贡市第一人民医院治疗的76例老年MHD患者,采用数字表法随机分为对照组(药物溶栓治疗)和观察组(溶栓联合高压球囊扩张术治疗),每组各38例,随访半年,比较两组患者的临床疗效、内瘘血流量、血管内径和狭窄处峰值流速,以及术后不同时间(术后1个月、3个月、半年)AVF通畅率,记录两组患者并发症和再狭窄发生情况。结果 观察组的治疗有效率为94.74%,高于对照组的78.95%(P<0.05);术后观察组的内瘘血流量、血管内径高于对照组,狭窄处峰值流速低于对照组(P<0.05);术后3个月、半年,观察组的初级通畅率、次级通畅率分别为84.21%、94.74%,78.95%、76.32%,均高于对照组的63.16%、78.95%,55.26%、52.63%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组的再狭窄发生率为5.26%,低于对照组的23.68%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 溶栓联合高压球囊扩张术治疗老年MHD患者AVF狭窄疗效良好,可有效提高透析流量和通畅率,降低再狭窄发生率。     

维持性血液透析及腹膜透析患者骨密度的评估

目的了解我院MHD及PD患者BMD状况,探讨BMD与临床资料、骨代谢指标及生化指标的相关性及危险因素分析。方法选择我院住院及门诊随访的MHD及PD患者,透析龄均超过3个月,收集患者临床资料及血尿标本。采用超声骨密度仪检测患者BMD状况,对骨量异常患者的BMD及患者一般临床及实验室资料进行相关性分析,并进一步分析透析患者骨量异常的危险因素。采用SPSS19.0软件包进行数据统计及分析。结果 MHD组及PD组骨量异常发生率分别为57.98%,48.54%,有显著统计学差异;随着透析龄的延长,透析患者BMD下降,透析龄3年以上的PD患者比MHD患者的TScore值相对较高,两组间也存在统计学差异。高龄、高透析龄、高BMI、高血磷及高ALP血症是透析患者发生骨量异常的危险因素。结论 MHD患者比PD患者更易发生骨量异常,且随着透析龄的延长,透析患者骨量异常发生率增高,高龄、高透析龄、高BMI、高血磷及高ALP血症是透析患者发生骨量异常的危险因素。     

The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Cardiac Function and Tolerance to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Male Rats

Background

Sleep deprivation (SD) is strongly associated with elevated risk for cardiovascular disease.

Objective

To determine the effect of SD on basal hemodynamic functions and tolerance to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in male rats.

Method

SD was induced by using the flowerpot method for 4 days. Isolated hearts were perfused with Langendorff setup, and the following parameters were measured at baseline and after IR: left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP); heart rate (HR); and the maximum rate of increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt). Heart NOx level, infarct size and coronary flow CK-MB and LDH were measured after IR. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at start and end of study.

Results

In the SD group, the baseline levels of LVDP (19%), +dp/dt (18%), and -dp/dt (21%) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower, and HR (32%) was significantly higher compared to the controls. After ischemia, hearts from SD group displayed a significant increase in HR together with a low hemodynamic function recovery compared to the controls. In the SD group, NOx level in heart, coronary flow CK-MB and LDH and infarct size significantly increased after IR; also SD rats had higher SBP after 4 days.

Conclusion

Hearts from SD rats had lower basal cardiac function and less tolerance to IR injury, which may be linked to an increase in NO production following IR.     

高通量血液透析对终末期肾病患者心功能的影响

目的 探讨高通量血液透析对终末期肾病患者心功能的影响。方法 选择2015年1月至2016年12月于开封市中心医院进行维持性血液透析的终末期肾病患者62例,按照随机数字表法分为高通量血液透析组和常规血液透析组,每组各31例。比较两组患者治疗后6个月的心肌损伤（心肌肌钙蛋白、B型脑钠肽、血清肌酐、尿素氮、甲状旁腺激素）和心功能指标的变化。结果 高通量血液透析组透析后甲状旁腺激素、心肌肌钙蛋白T、B型脑钠肽低于常规血液透析组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高通量血液透析组透析后IVST、LVPWT、LVMI低于常规血液透析组,LVEF高于常规血液透析组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 高通量血液透析可以有效清除甲状旁腺激素,相较于常规血液透析,在改善终末期肾病患者心功能方面具有一定优势。     

Reintroducing OPV in Israel on the journey to global polio eradication – Estimation at a low rate of contraindicated population

IntroductionThe 2013 reemergence of wild poliovirus in Israel led to the reinstatement of a routine OPV vaccination. Fearing VAPP in immunocompromised, the MOH regulated contraindications for vaccination candidates and household contacts. In this study we estimate the size of the contraindicated population to OPV vaccination.MethodWe studied vaccination candidates aged 2–9 and 14–23 months and probable household contacts. Using the rate of contraindications extracted for each study group from a medical records database, a statistical model was built to estimate the probability of contraindications in candidates.Results3.9% of the 2–9-month-old study group and 4% of the 14–23-month-old group had contraindications by either self or household contacts.ConclusionA statistical model can provide an estimation of the contraindicated population and can be used in the future when devising vaccination campaigns. In contrast to concerns raised by the MOH, our findings show a smaller than anticipated contraindicated population.     

维持性血液透析患者骨质疏松症的发生情况及其影响因素

目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者骨质疏松症(OP)的发生情况及其影响因素。方法选取本院2019年1月至2020年3月收治的MHD患者150例,双能X线骨密度测量仪(DEXA)测量骨密度,并采用调查问卷收集患者临床资料,记录MHD患者OP发生情况,并分析其影响因素。结果 150例MHD患者中,发生OP 61例,发生率为40.67%;MHD患者OP与非OP性别、年龄、BMI、透析龄、透析治疗方式等方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、高龄、BMI小、透析龄长、低通量透析是MHD患者发生OP的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论 MHD患者发生OP的危险因素为性别、年龄、BMI、透析龄、透析治疗方式,临床可依据其影响因素实施针对性的措施,以降低OP发生率。     

大黄联合辛伐他汀治疗对维持性血液透析患者全身微炎症状态的影响分析

目的通过与空白对照组和单纯应用辛伐他汀组对比,探究大黄联合辛伐他汀治疗对维持性血液透析患者全身微炎症状态的影响。方法选取50例需要维持性血液透析的患者,随机分成3组,分别为空白对照组、辛伐他汀组和大黄联合辛伐他汀组,比较3组治疗前后的全身微炎症状态指标。结果两试验组患者治疗后的白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与治疗前相比有明显升高,其他各项指标与治疗前相比均有明显下降;两试验组患者治疗后的白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与对照组相比明显增高,而其他各项指标与对照组相比均有明显降低;两试验组治疗后比较,大黄联合辛伐他汀组治疗后白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇较辛伐他汀组明显增高,而其他各项指标除三酰甘油外,与辛伐他汀组相比均有明显降低。结论大黄和辛伐他汀均具有良好的抗炎作用,但二者联合应用可以更加有效的治疗维持性血液透析患者的全身微炎症状态。     

气相色谱仪的维护和保养

以Agilent GC-7890为例,简介了仪器结构组成及应用。从实验室的环境要求、载气系统、进样系统、分离系统、检测系统、温控系统、数据系统等全方位介绍了气相色谱的维护和保养知识,供气相色谱的管理者和使用者参考。