配偶淋巴细胞免疫治疗反复自然流产91例分析

目的探讨反复自然流产患者,运用配偶淋巴细胞免疫治疗后,体内封闭抗体水平的变化及其临床疗效.方法对确诊为封闭抗体缺乏的RSA患者91例,用分离的配偶淋巴细胞,皮内注射法免疫治疗3～5疗程,治疗前后运用流式细胞仪测定患者体内封闭抗体水平.结果 91例RSA患者经免疫治疗后,体内封闭抗体的水平显著提高,抗配偶CD3%、抗配偶CD4%、抗配偶CD8%,分别由治疗前的-1.32±0.98、-1.39±0.80、-0.96±0.54上升为0.99±0.74、1.01±0.64、0.75±0.49(P＜0.05);妊娠成功80例,成功率为87.9%(80 / 91).结论配偶淋巴细胞免疫治疗,可以提高患者体内封闭抗体水平,有助于妊娠成功.     

Production of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 by myeloid, but not plasmacytoid, dendritic cells

PTX3 is a prototypic of long pentraxin consisting of an N-terminal portion coupled to a C-terminal pentraxin domain, the latter related to short pentraxins (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component). PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition receptor, which plays a non-redundant role in resistance against selected pathogens and in female fertility. The present study was designed to analyze the production of PTX3 by human dendritic cells (DC) and to define the role of different innate immunity receptors in its induction. Human monocyte-derived DC produced copious amounts of PTX3in response to microbial ligands engaging different members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family (TLR1 through TLR6), whereas engagement of the mannose receptor had no substantial effect. DC werebetter producers of PTX3 than monocytes and macrophages. Freshly isolated peripheral blood myeloid DC produced PTX3 in response to diverse microbial stimuli. In contrast, plasmacytoid DC exposed to influenza virus or to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides engaging TLR9, did not produce PTX3. PTX3-expressing DC were present in inflammatory lymph nodes from HIV-infected patients. These results suggest that DC of myelomonocytic origin are a major source of PTX3, a molecule which facilitates pathogen recognition and subsequent activation of innate and adaptive immunity.     

Age-related ranges of memory,activation, and cytotoxic markers on CD4 and CD8 cells in children

The expression of markers defining functional subpopulations on the surface of CD4 and CD8 cells changes with disease. To monitor these changes in children, it is important to establish the age-related normal changes in marker expression due to maturation of the immune system. We have studied the expression of several functionally important molecules on both CD4 and CD8 cells in 168 children (aged 0–122 months) using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. Our results show that the percentage of CD4 cells decreases with age, while the CD8 percentage increases, resulting in a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio. The expression of CD45RO and CD29 increases with age, while CD45RA expression decreases, both on CD4 and CD8 cells. The expression of HLA-DR on both CD4 and CD8 cells, and of CD11a and CD57 on CD8 cells, is less clearly age dependent. The relationships between the marker percentages and age were not straightforward; the standard deviations and the skewness, as well as their mean values, varied as a function of age. The changes were modeled for each marker and age-specific centiles are presented.     

Plasma inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation in nephrotic syndrome: Correlation with hyperlipidemia

Plasma-mediated inhibition of normal lymphoproliferation is an unexplained immunologic abnormality frequently observed in nephrotic syndrome. Since hyperlipidemia, also common in nephrotic syndrome, has been linked within vitro andin vivo immunodeficiency in other diseases, we have quantitated plasma-mediated inhibition of lymphoproliferation and related it to the degree of hyperlipidemia in 19 patients with nephrotic syndrome. Fifteen patients were hyperlipidemic; the plasma of 9 of these 15 caused >60% inhibition of antigen-specific proliferative responses of normal lymphocytes. None of the four normolipidemic plasmas, nor a hyperlipidemic plasma depleted of lipoproteins by ultracentrifugation, was inhibitory. A highly significant correlation between the degree of inhibition and the plasma triglyceride levels in patients with nephrotic syndrome was observed (P<0.001). The results suggest that elevated plasma lipids may be the cause of the plasma-mediated inhibition of lymphoproliferation in nephrotic syndrome.     

Lymphocyte subsets and mood states in panic disorder patients

This study was conducted to examine lymphocyte subset counts and mood states in panic disorder patients. Twenty patients with panic disorder and 20 age- and gender-matched normal healthy subjects were recruited for the study. We used the Spielberger State (STAIS) & Trait (STAIT) Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAMA) to measure mood states in all subjects. Lymphocyte subsets counts were made by flow cytometry. Panic patients showed significantly higher scores for anxiety and depression than normal subjects. Panic patients showed no differences in terms of the numbers of immune cells, as compared with normal healthy subjects, other than a lower proportion of T suppressor cells and a higher T helper cell/T suppressor cell ratio. HAMA and STAIS scores were common factors that could predict T cell numbers and proportions, T helper cell numbers, and natural killer cell proportions in panic disorder patients. We suggest that anxiety levels are related to the T-cell population in panic disorder patients and that quantitative immune differences may reflect altered immunity in this disorder.     

三七提取物对小鼠淋巴细胞体外增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的 分析三七提取物(SE)对小鼠淋巴细胞体外增殖和细胞周期的影响,探讨其免疫抑制作用机制.方法 分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,以CFSE染色,加入多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白(Con A)或者佛波醇酯(PDB)和离子霉素(Ion)进行刺激,以流式细胞仪分析三七提取物对淋巴细胞增殖的影响;用碘化丙锭(PI)染色分析细胞周期分布.结果 CFSE染色分析显示,SE对Con A或者佛波醇酯(PDB)和离子霉素(Ion)诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖,具有明显的抑制作用(P＜0.05),且呈剂量依赖性.对细胞周期分析表明,随着三七提取物浓度的增加,均能明显阻止淋巴细胞进入S期和G2/M期,而处于亚二倍体峰的细胞数基本不变.结论 三七提取物对小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖有明显抑制作用,它能抑制淋巴细胞进入细胞分裂周期,这种抑制作用表现出明显的周期特异性.     

Asynchronous differentiation models explain bone marrow labeling kinetics and predict reflux between the pre- and immature B cell pools

B lymphopoiesis has historically been depicted as a unidirectional process, in which cohorts of developing cells transit through successive differentiative stages in an irreversible, synchronous manner. Here, we examine this view by combining kinetic analysis of developing B cell subsets in the bone marrow with mathematical modeling. Our bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling data are incompatible with B cell development being a synchronous process, because labeling curves are non-linear. Moreover, we show that B cell development may not be completely unidirectional, because our results support the possibility of a phenotypic "reflux" among the immature to the pre-B cell subsets.     

Host defense against pulmonary infection in neonates

It is well known that neonatal immune function is immature compared to adults and that ontogeny of the immune system continues for some time postnatally. This renders infants particularly susceptible to pulmonary bacterial and viral infections often associated with childhood. Innate immune responses are less intense and delayed compared to adults. Antigen presentation is immature in that antigen presenting cells are slow in upregulating costimulatory molecules. This results in reduced T-cell responses including T-cell help and cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) function. B-cell responses suffer from the lack of T-cell help. The maturation process of immune mediators in newborns corresponds with postnatal development of the lungs and may be a mechanism that keeps inflammation from causing damage to developing lungs.     

免疫系统的原始功能

本文通过分析动物免疫系统的功能，认为其原始功能为调控变态发育，即免疫细胞原为对幼体进行改造使其完成变态而在成体形成后被诱导自灭的某细胞，由于系统发育过程中幼体标志的大量歧化，使得在个体实际发育中冗余了不少未被自身成体诱导自灭的有关细胞，从而进化出了免疫功能，并在与病原生物等抗原性物质的相互作用中不断发展，此认识可系统解释名种现象的起源。     

Lymphocyte subsets' reference ranges in an age- and gender-balanced population of 100 healthy adults--a monocentric German study

Region-specific reference ranges for adult peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets have been established in few countries around the world, but most studies were restricted to younger adults for monitoring of HIV patients. The aim of this investigation was to establish age- and gender-specific reference ranges for healthy adults. Lymphocyte subsets were examined in 100 healthy volunteers (50 males, 50 females) aged 19-85 years by two-color flow cytometric analysis with a FACSCalibur. A statistically significant decline in the mean numbers of CD3+/CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells was observed beyond an age of 50 years, whereas the mean counts of NK cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio significantly increased beyond the age of 50. Females < or = 50 years had significantly higher mean CD4+ T cell counts and lower NK cell counts than males < or = 50 years. Based on these results, we established reference values for three subgroups: males < or = 50 years, females < or = 50 years, and males/females > 50 years.