重症肺结核患者T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子的表达及其预后意义

目的 探讨重症肺结核患者T淋巴细胞亚群、T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子(TIM-1,TIM-3)的表达及其预后意义。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年6月在我院收治的1 056例重症肺结核患者为研究对象,并将其定义为重症肺结核组,另选同期在我院进行治疗的1 000名轻症肺结核患者作为轻症肺结核组。比较两组患者TIM-1、TIM-3以及外周血T细胞亚群(CD4⁺、CD8⁺)水平;检测并比较外周血单个核细胞中TIM-1、TIM-3的mRNA水平;分析重症肺结核患者外周血T细胞亚群、TIM-1、TIM-3与患者预后的关系。结果 重症肺结核组CD8⁺、TIM-1和TIM-3水平均高于轻症肺结核组,CD4⁺水平低于轻症肺结核组(均P<0.001)。重症肺结核组TIM-1 mRNA和TIM-3 mRNA水平均高于轻症肺结核组(均P<0.001)。死亡组CD8⁺、TIM-1和TIM-3水平均高于存活组,CD4⁺水平低于存活组(均P<0.001)。相关性分析发现:存活组患者TIM-1、TIM-3与CD4⁺均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.114和-0.211,P<0.05),而与CD8⁺均呈正相关(r值分别为0.571和0.680,P<0.05)。结论 重症肺结核患者免疫功能紊乱可能与其体内外周血T细胞亚群水平异常以及TIM-1、TIM-3 表达水平升高有关。     

冬虫夏草多糖治疗慢性丙型肝炎患者的临床研究

目的研究冬虫夏草多糖（ＣＰ）治疗慢性丙型肝炎的疗效．方法慢性丙型肝炎患者２１例，口服ＣＰ１５ｍＬ，３次／ｄ，连服３ｍｏ，治疗前后检测肝功能、血清肝纤维化标志物外周血Ｔ细胞亚群及ＮＫ活性的变化．结果慢性丙型肝炎患者经ＣＰ治疗后，血清ＡＬＴ（Ｕ／Ｌ，６１±３５ｖｓ３５±１５）及ｒＧＴ（Ｕ／Ｌ，１６９±８５ｖｓ１１８±５２）较治疗前显著降低（Ｐ＜００５）．血清ＨＡ（μｇ／Ｌ，２９３±１０９ｖｓ２１４±９６）、ＰⅢＰ（μｇ／Ｌ，１４３±４８ｖｓ１１４±４２）及ＣⅣ（μｇ／Ｌ，２４５±９８ｖｓ１８８±８７）均较治疗前显著下降（Ｐ＜００１，＜００５及＜００５）；ＣＤ４（３６４％±６６％ｖｓ４１０％±５６％）、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８（１１４±０４０ｖｓ１４３±０２２）、ＮＫ（１６７％±４６％ｖｓ１９７％±４２％）均较治疗前显著增加（Ｐ＜００１），而ＣＤ８（３２６％±４７％ｖｓ２８９％±３７％）则明显降低（Ｐ＜００５）；血清胆红素略减、清蛋白略增但差异均无显著性．结论冬虫夏草多糖可以增强慢性丙型肝炎患者细胞免疫功能，改善肝功能，并具有一定的抗纤维化作用     

Prognostic significance of tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes and T-cell subsets in de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a multiparameter flow cytometry study

Tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL-T) have been implicated in playing a role in controlling tumour growth. We evaluated TIL-T in 55 cases of de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) using three- or four-colour flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI). The percentage of TIL-T varied from 3% to 72% of total viable cellular events (mean 32 +/- 20%). The CD4:CD8 ratio varied from 0.17 to 13 (mean 2.3 +/- 2.2). Cases with >/= 20% T cells and those with CD4:CD8 ratios > or = 2.0 showed a significantly better overall survival (P = 0.017 and P = 0.034 respectively). These findings were independent of clinical stage at diagnosis. The T-cell percentage and CD4:CD8 ratio were moderately correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.47, P = 0.001) and multivariate analysis revealed that the association of the two factors with prognosis was mutually dependent. The T cells in 23 cases were studied for CD45RO. The mean percentage of total T cells expressing CD45RO was 86 +/- 10%. There was a trend towards better survival for those patients with a higher percentage of CD45RO+ T cells (P = 0.06). These results suggest that TIL-T, particularly CD4+ T cells, may play a role in the control of DLBCL, and measurement of T-cell percentage and T-cell subsets using FCI may be useful in predicting the clinical behaviour of DLBCL.     

Analysis of bcl-2+ lymphocyte subpopulations in inflammatory synovial infiltrates by a double-immunostaining technique

We used a double-immunostaining technique to analyze the distribution of bcl-2⁺ B and T lymphocytes within the synovial membranes (SM) of 13 patients with rheumatic diseases: 11 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and 1 with osteoarthritis (OA). A high proportion (up to 50%) of the lymphocytes belonged to the B cell subset. Most of both T and B lymphocytes were positive for the bcl-2 protein. In germinal centers B lymphocytes were also negative for bcl-2 protein expression, comparable to the situation in germinal centers of secondary lymphatic organs. We conclude that bcl-2⁺ B lymphocytes are submitted to antigen selection in the inflamed SMs while bcl-2⁺ protein expression provides survival signals for their persistence in the infiltrates. The expression of bel-2 may be an important factor in protecting lymphocytes in SM from apoptosis by glucocorticoids, cytostatic drugs, and irradiation.     

老年肺炎患者IFN-γ和IL-4在CD8^＋T细胞中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨免疫衰老在老年肺炎中的作用。方法随机选择青年、老年健康志愿者各15人,青年、老年肺炎患者各20例,采用流式细胞分析技术检测各组样本外周血CD4 /CD8 的比值,CD3 、CD4 和CD8 T细胞胞内IFN-γ和IL-4的表达。结果①老年组外周血CD4 /CD8 的比值高于青年组,而肺炎和非肺炎组之间差异无显著性。②各组外周血CD3 、CD4 T细胞胞内IFN-γ和IL-4表达的差异无显著性,而CD8 T细胞胞内IFN-γ的表达,老年组高于青年组(P<0.05),而相同年龄组的肺炎和非肺炎组之间差异无显著性。CD8 T细胞胞内IL-4的表达老年肺炎组高于其他3组(P<0.05),青年健康组、青年肺炎组、老年健康组之间差异无显著性。③在4组之间IFN-γ/IL-4的比值差异无显著性。结论免疫衰老在CD4 、CD8 T细胞明显不同,CD4 T细胞胞内分泌IFN-γ和IL-4差异无显著性,而CD8 T细胞IFN-γ的产生在老年人显著增加,IL-4的产生仅在老年肺炎组增加。CD8 T细胞的增龄性改变可能在老年人肺炎中发挥重要作用。     

自身免疫病患者外周血中B细胞激活因子基因表达水平的测定

目的　建立测定B细胞激活因子 (B lymphocytestimulator ,BlyS)mRNA含量的荧光定量反转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)法 ,并用来检测自身免疫病 [系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)、类风湿关节炎 (RA) ]患者外周血单个核细胞 (PBMCs)中BlyS的基因表达水平 ,探讨BlyS基因表达水平与自身免疫性疾病发病机制的关系。方法　构建克隆载体 pMD18 T BlyS作为定量模板 ,基于TaqMan荧光探针技术 ,建立实时荧光RT PCR方法在GeneAmp 5 70 0型检测仪上定量检测 19例自身免疫病(SLE、RA)确诊病人、2 0例亚临床病人 (主要是抗核抗体阳性 )、8例其他对照性疾病患者 (自身抗体阴性 ,免疫球蛋白升高 )、2 0名正常健康献血者的外周血BlySmRNA表达含量。结果　 19例自身免疫病确诊病人的PBMCs中均有BlySmRNA的表达 ,范围从 9 7× 10 5～ 3 2× 10 8拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (8 4± 7 9)× 10 7拷贝 /μgRNA ;2 0例亚临床病人的强度为 8 6× 10 4～ 3 8× 10 6拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 3± 1 2 )× 10 6拷贝 /μgRNA ;2 0名正常健康人的强度为 5 5× 10 4～ 4 9× 10 5拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 7± 1 4 )× 10 5拷贝 /μgRNA ;8例自身抗体阴性而免疫球蛋白升高的其他疾病患者的强度为 5 8× 10 5～ 3 5× 10 7拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 2±     

Functional and surface characteristics of lymphocytes from patients with warm-antibody type autoimmunhemolytic anemia (AIHA)

Summary As part of an overall assessment of immunological function, several aspects of cellular immunity and circulating lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated in a group of 10 patients with idiopathic autoimmunhemolytic anemia (AIHA). The absolute numbers of circulating T and B cells were reduced in the patient group compared to normals. A shift from corticosteroid-sensitive to corticosteroid-resistent and activated cells in the cytogram of clustered Fe-(III)-hydroxide-glucane saccharose labeled T lymphocytes was apparent. In vitro studies of cellular reactivity, as evaluated by PHA, ConA, PWM, antigens and allogeneic cell induced proliferation showed a blend of general or selective depression and sometimes a normal or increased activity with no definite correlation with both the number of circulating T cells and the extent of the hemolytic activity by the disease. The possible significance of the findings is discussed.This work was supported by the Minister für Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes NRW II B8-FA 6438     

达乌尔黄鼠鼠疫预报的数学模型 (Ⅴ)

根据我国松辽平原1952～1986年鼠疫疫点资料,利用最优回归子集法,得到预报达乌尔黄鼠鼠疫流行的最优数学模型和不同预报因子下的数学模型。     

Lymphocyte subset changes between 3 and 15 months of age in infants born to HIV-seropositive women in South Africa

The evolution of T‐lymphocyte subsets during infancy in perinatally HIV‐infected African babies has not been previously described. In a hospital‐based cohort study, T‐lymphocyte subset changes were investigated in 72 South African black children born to HIV seropositive mothers. Sixteen (22.2%) children were classified as infected and 56 (77.8%) as uninfected by 18 months of age. Four (25%) of the infected infants died before the age of 9 months from HIV‐related disease.
The CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocyte subsets, expressed in absolute numbers, as percentages, percentiles or as ratios, were clear indicators of HIV infection at all ages between 3 and 15 months. The most marked changes were a decreased percentage of CD4 cells and an increase in percentage of CD8 cells in the infected group. In the 4 infected infants who died, CD8 count and CD4:CD8 ratio clearly predicted poor clinical outcome at 3 months. Taken together, both CD4:CD8 ratio and CD4 percentage are reliable markers of HIV infection in an African paediatric population; however, a raised CD8 lymphocyte count rather than a CD4 count is a more specific prognostic marker of disease progression in HIV infected children.     

Chemokine receptor expression on infiltrating lymphocytes from abdominal aortic aneurysms: role of CXCR4-CXCL12 in lymphoid recruitment

This is a study to define the profile of chemokine receptors expressed on isolated infiltrating lymphocytes in human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), and to examine their role in lymphoid recruitment. AAA T-lymphocytes were CXCR4-positive, CCR7-negative and partially CXCR3 and CCR5-positive. Functionally, AAA T-cells were proinflammatory effector cells, as they produced IFN-γ and granzyme A. AAA B-lymphocytes were CXCR4-positive and exhibited low CXCR5 expression. A relevant feature of infiltrating T- and B-lymphocytes was the high intensity of CXCR4 expression and the capability to migrate to CXCL12. CXCL12-producing cells were found in the adventitia of AAA. These cells were CD45-negative and partially VCAM-1 and DR-positive. In summary, the present results suggest that CXCR4, expressed on infiltrating lymphocytes, and CXCL12, expressed on stromal cells, is involved in the recruitment of lymphocytes within the arterial wall in AAA.