bFGF对人毛囊黑素细胞增殖、活化和黑素合成作用的研究

目的　研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)对人毛囊黑素细胞 (Hairfolloclemelanocyte ,HFM )增殖活化和黑素合成的影响。方法　体外培养正常人HFM ,观察不同浓度bFGF(0 3～ 1 2ng ml)对HFM形态、增殖、酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量的影响。结果　bFGF处理HFM 7d后 ,HFM树突增多延长 ,酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量增加显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,以 0 6ng ml组为著。结论　bFGF能诱导HFM增殖、酪氨酸酶活性和黑素合成增加     

Percutaneous management of lymphatic fluid collections

Eight lymphatic fluid collections were drained percutaneously. There were no immediate or late complications. Seven patients had follow-up; 1 required surgical drainage of a residual or recurrent lymphocele, and another had reaccumulated fluid in a lymphocele which was detected on autopsy. The remaining lymphatic collections responded to percutaneous drainage. Percutaneous drainage is safe and can be an effective tool in the management of lymphatic collections.     

糖尿病大鼠视网膜血管内皮生长因子与一氧化氮的变化

目的：探讨糖尿病大鼠视网膜血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与一氧化氮（NO）的变化及其在糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）发生发展过程中的作用。方法：选择健康成年SD大鼠，随机分成正常对照组，糖尿病1月（DM1），糖尿病3月（DM3）和糖尿病5月（DM5）组，一次性腹腔注射链佐菌素（STZ）诱发糖尿病模型，应用免疫组织化学方法观察各组视网膜组织VEGF的表达情况，并检测各组视网膜组织中一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性和NO含量变化。结果：3个月时，糖尿病大鼠视网膜VEGF表达增强，NOS活性增强，NO含量增高，5个月时，糖尿病大鼠视网膜表达进一步增强，而NOS活性开始减弱，NO含量减少，结论：糖尿病大鼠视网膜VEGF的过度表达和NOS活性，NO含量的变化在DR的发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

Ischemic rat brain extracts induce human marrow stromal cell growth factor production

Intravenous administration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats provides functional benefit. We tested the hypothesis that these functional benefits are derived in part from hMSC production of growth and trophic factors. Quantitative sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of hMSCs cultured with normal and MCAo brain extracts were performed. hMSCs cultured in supernatant derived from ischemic brain extracts increased production of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These neurotrophins and angiogenic growth factors increased in a post‐ischemia time‐dependent manner. The hMSC capacity to increase expression of growth and trophic factors may be the key to the benefit provided by transplanted hMSCs in the ischemic brain.     

Leptin, lipid and lipid metabolism-related hormones in chronic renal failure in Arabia

SUMMARY: In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), hyperleptinaemia has been widely reported, but the exact mechanisms leading to elevated leptin levels are unclear. Impaired renal clearance of leptin and the influence of other hormones may be important. In this study, we measured serum leptin levels in 150 patients on haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or in the predialysis phase of CRF. Furthermore, we measured plasma levels of insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), as well as plasma levels of triacylglycerols and total low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. We observed significantly elevated levels of leptin, particularly in female patients, and leptin was shown to correlate significantly with insulin, total and LDL-cholesterol and log triacylglycerols. Leptin was inversely correlated with GH concentrations, but was not correlated with IGF-1 levels. Despite the multiple correlations established between leptin levels and other variables, only hyperinsulinaemia in CRF seems to be important as a determinator of leptin levels.     

儿童髓母细胞瘤中VEGFR-2的表达

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子受体VEGFR－2在儿童髓母细胞瘤中的表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化LSAB法检测84例获随访的儿童髓母细胞瘤中的VEGFR－2表达，按术后生存期3，5，10年分为A，B，C三组，使用Cox回归统计分析。结果：84例儿童髓母细胞瘤中，VEGFR－2阳性表达74例（88．09％），A，B，C三组间VEGFR－2阳性表达分别为100％，88．89％，55．33％（P＜0．01），Cox回归分析显示VEGFR－2是影响生存时间的一个独立的预后因子，它与预后存在负相关关系。结论：VEGFR－2表达水平可作为儿童髓母细胞瘤的预后指标之一。     

SA脂质体介导GFP／bFGF基因在豚鼠耳蜗中的表达

目的 :观察天然碱性脂 (Stearylamine,SA)脂质体介导绿色荧光蛋白 /碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(GFP/bFGF)基因于不同时间段豚鼠耳蜗中的表达 ,为进一步研究耳聋的基因治疗提供实验基础。方法 :取豚鼠 1 6只 ,分成 4组 ,每组 4只。其中 3只右耳圆窗内注入SA -GFP/bFGF复合物 ,1只同法注入生理盐水作为对照。分别于术后第 2、7、1 4、2 1天取材。在荧光显微镜下观察GFP的表达 ,用免疫组化法检测bFGF的转导情况。结果 :荧光显微镜下见双侧耳蜗于术后第 2天开始部分细胞发出绿色荧光 ,第 7天达到高峰 ,支持细胞及内外毛细胞均显荧光 ,细胞轮廓清晰 ;第 1 4天开始减弱 ,第 2 1天消失。免疫组化染色显示 ,除血管纹外 ,耳蜗各回Corti器、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘及螺旋神经节细胞均有高浓度的表达产物 ,对照动物呈阴性表达。结论 :SA脂质体介导的GFP/bFGF基因单耳给药双侧耳蜗均有高效表达 ,为进一步研究基因治疗耳聋提供了可能。     

Chronic treatment with scopolamine and physostigmine changes nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor density and NGF content in rat brain

Nerve growth factor (NGF) and NGF receptors were measured in cortex and hippocampus of rats treated with drugs affecting cholinergic neurotransmission. High (K_d= 0.045nM) and low (K_d= 21nM) affinity¹²⁵I-NGF binding sites were present in both cortical and hippocampal membranes with hippocampus containing higher numbers of both sites than cortex. Chronic treatment of rats with the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine (5 mg/kg, twice daily) decreased the density of high- and low-affinity sites by 50–90% in cortical and hippocampal membranes. These changes were seen after 7 days, but not 3 days, of scopolamine treatment. Chronic infusion of physostigmine (1 mg/kg/day) using minipumps increased the number of high- and low-affinity sites in cortex 3- and 6-fold, respectively. The changes in receptor-binding parameters induced by physostigmine were transient as they were evident after 3 days of treatment, but returned to control levels after 7 days. NGF content in cortex and hippocampus was reduced by about 50% following 7, but not 3, days of chronic physostigmine infusion. In contrast, scopolamine treatment failed to change NGF levels in the cholinergic neuronal target regions but it decreased NGF content in the septal area. The content of NGF mRNA in the cortex measured by Northern blot analysis failed to change following either scopolamine or physostigmine treatment. The results suggest that levels of NGF and NGF receptors in the target regions of cholinergic neurons are regulated by the extent of cholinergic neurotransmitter activity.     

微血管密度与淋巴结微转移作为食管癌分期补充参数的探讨

目的探讨食管鳞状细胞癌组织中微血管密度(MVD)及区域淋巴结微转移作为食管癌TNM分期补充参数的可行性和意义。方法取术前未经放或化疗的食管癌手术标本22例,Ⅷ因子相关抗原抗体检测癌组织MVD,区域淋巴结作常规HE染色和抗细胞角蛋白(CK)抗体免疫组化染色,检测区域淋巴结的转移和微转移。结合临床病理特征进行统计分析。结果肿瘤MVD平均值为41.6±14.32。MVD与肿瘤的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴转移、术后早期复发相关(P<0.05);与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05)。CK免疫组化染色使淋巴结阳性率从30.11%提高至42.05%。N0期CK( )患者与N1期患者3年复发、转移率分别为40.0%和42.86%(P>0.05)。结论微血管密度和区域淋巴结微小转移是食管癌的重要预后因素,分别作为食管癌分期T、N因素的补充参数,对预示食管癌预后有重要意义。