接骨板诱发局部骨质疏松的细胞机理研究

实验选用健康成年新西兰兔５０只。其中４５只动物在左右侧胫骨分别作不锈钢和有机玻璃接骨板固定，５只作正常对照。术后１ｄ、３ｄ，１周、２周、４周、８周、１２周、１６周、２４周分批处死动物，每批５只。取材分别作光镜、透射电镜和组织学定量分析。结果表明，两种接骨板固定均可使固定骨段骨吸收增加，引起局部骨质疏松。与有机玻璃接骨板固定相比较，不锈钢接骨板固定后骨质疏松发生快，程度重。接骨板固定后的骨吸收包括破骨细胞性骨吸改和骨细胞性骨吸收。接骨板固定后骨细胞的变化可能对破骨细胞性骨吸收起调控作用。     

采用骨端钢板治疗股骨粗隆部骨折53例报告

探讨骨端钢板治疗股骨粗隆部骨折的手术方法及疗效。方法：股骨粗隆部骨折复位后采用骨端钢板内固定，钢板骨端与近骨折段固定２～３枚６．５ｍｍ半牙螺钉，钢板体部与远骨折段固定至少３～４枚４．５ｍｍ全牙螺钉，小粗隆骨块应尽量进行复位固定。结果：经临床应用５３例、４１例经４个月～６年随访，按黄公怡评定标准：本组优良率为９２．７％。结论：采用骨端钢板治疗股骨粗隆部骨折，具有手术操作简便，内固定确实等优点，尤其适用于全身情况差，需尽快结束手术的病例。     

Geometric Morphometric Investigation of Molar Shape Diversity in Modern Lemurs and Lorises

In the study of mammalian adaptation to the environment, teeth are of primary importance due to their role as one of the direct interaction points between an individual and its ecological surroundings. Here, molar shape and function are investigated through traditional multivariate statistics and Thin‐Plate Splines deformations to compare the relative location of lower first molar occlusal structures (protoconid, metaconid, hypoconid, entoconid, cristid obliqua, and protolophid) in modern lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, and a non‐primate outgroup taxon (Tupaia). Results suggest that shape is based both on tooth size and dietary patterns. Small teeth tend to be short (anteroposteriorally) with wide talonids, whereas larger teeth are generally characterized as being long and narrow. In considering non‐size related shape trends, frugivorous and graminivorous taxa generally exhibit a relatively buccal intersection of the cristid obliqua with the base of the protolophid, and a relatively “perpendicular” position of the protolophid in relation to the anteroposterior axis of the tooth (defined as the axis connecting the protolophid and hypoconid). Morphological trends of folivores include a central (midline) position of the cristid obliqua‐protolophid base intersection and an oblique angle of the protolophid. Insectivorous taxa (primate and non‐primate) generally exhibit a central placement of the cristid obliqua‐protolophid base intersection (as in folivores), along with a relatively perpendicular angle of the protolophid (as in frugivores). Omnivorous taxa exhibit shape patterns that are intermediate between these three former groups. This study provides a comparative baseline for the interpretation of morphological trends in fossil primate groups, particularly the Adapiformes. Anat Rec, 292:701–719, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Resistant proteoglycans in epiphyseal plate cartilage. Variations in their distribution in relationship to age and species

The localizations of resistant proteoglycans (RPGs) in the epiphyseal plates of rats, dogs, and humans are similar. In the epiphyseal plates from young rats, dogs, and humans, the RPGs form a stratum at the junction of the zones of resting and proliferating cells. Non-calcified cartilage RPGs are associated with cells which have the potential for proliferation or column organization. As the individuals age, RPGs are found in intercolumnar regions or at times are even absent. There is also a type of RPGs in calcified cartilage, including the calcified cartilage subjacent to the articular surface, in all species. In human epiphyseal plates, looser fibrillar RPGs change abruptly to a more condensed type in the zone of provisional calcification. Calcified cartilage RPGs stain more intensely with toluidine blue and may represent a different type of RPGs.     

Effect of semiconductor GaAs laser irradiation on pain perception in mice

The influence of subacute exposure (11 exposures within 16 days) of mice to the low power (GaAs) semiconductive laser-stimulated irradiation on pain perception was investigated. The pain perception was determined by the latency of foot-licking or jumping from the surface of a 53 degrees C hot plate. Repeated hot-plate testing resulted in shortening of latencies in both sham- and laser-irradiated mice. Laser treatment (wavelength, 905 nm; frequency, 256 Hz; irradiation time, 50 sec; pulse duration, 100 nsec; distance, 3 cm; peak irradiance, 50 W/cm2 in irradiated area; and total exposure, 0.41 mJ/cm2) induced further shortening of latencies, suggesting its stimulatory influence on pain perception. Administration of morphine (20 mg/kg) prolonged the latency of response to the hot plate in both sham- and laser-irradiated mice. This prolongation tended to be lesser in laser-irradiated animals. Further investigations are required to elucidate the mechanism of the observed effect of laser.     

The venous drainage of the tectum mesencephali

Summary The normal course and appearance of the veins draining the tectum mesencephali proper are described in detail on the basis of the anatomical radiological study. These specific veins, the quadrigeminal veins, were constantly present on autopsy study. There are two types of variations of these quadrigeminal veins. They have a close anatomical and angiographic correlation with the quadrigeminal plate proper, and also outline the posterior aspects of the quadrigeminal plate. The whole structure of the mesencephalon may be delineated by these veins in combination with the other veins of the mesencephalon. They may be of diagnostic value in the early recognition of the brain stem lesions.Presented at the 3rd Meeting of the Japancse Society of Neuroradiology, Tokyo, February 16, 1974, and the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Neurological Society, Sendai, October 23, 1974.     

Evaluation of Euglobulin Clot Lysis Time as a Screening Method for Determination of Blood Plasma Fibrinolytic Activity after Venous Occlusion

ABSTRACT Determination of the fibrinolytic activity should be performed in patients with recurrent thromboembolic disease. As a screening procedure we suggest the euglobulin clot lysis time test after venous occlusion. This test is sufficiently reliable and easier to perform than the fibrin plate method, especially outside coagulation laboratories.     

A Study of the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Detergents for Hand Washing: Using the Full-hand Touch Plates Method

We studied the effects of four kinds of antimicrobial detergents, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), chlorbenzarconium (CBC), 10% povidone-iodine (PVI), 0.3% triclosan (TRI), and one non-medicated detergent (NMD) using the full-hand touch plates method. Before and after 3 minutes of hand scrubbing with a brush, bacterial colonies on the hand surface and subungual bacteria were counted. CHG, CBC, and PVI were excellent antimicrobial detergents against hand surface bacteria, but most of the subungual bacteria remained. The subungual space was the most difficult region from which to eradicate bacteria. TRI was much less effective than hand soap against hand surface bacteria.