中药结合锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位临床分析

目的：探讨锁骨钩钢板配合中药内服治疗肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法：18例肩锁关节脱位患者采用锁骨钩钢板进行内固定，对肩锁关节脱位者同时修补韧带；14例在锁骨钩钢板进行内固定的基础上同时内服中药；常规手术方法治疗12例。44例术后均平均随访1年。结果：单纯锁骨钩钢板进行内固定：优8例，良10例；锁骨钩钢板合中药内服：优8例，良6例；两者优良率均为100％。结论：锁骨钩钢板符合锁骨的“S”形结构，肩峰下关节外安置不干扰肩锁关节的正常生理结构。操作简单，固定可靠，术后活动早，并发症少，是治疗肩锁关节脱位的理想内固定材料。钢板内固定同时，结合中医中药加速气血流通，促进筋骨愈合，可缩短治疗时间，及早恢复功能。     

小切口旋转塑形钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折

[目的]探讨锁骨骨折的治疗方法和疗效。[方法]应用小切口旋转塑形钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折27例。[结果]优良27例。[结论]小切口旋转塑形钢板内固定治疗锁骨骨折具有美观、牢固、可以早期进行功能锻炼的优点,是治疗锁骨骨折的一种较好的方法。     

丙磺舒对阿莫西林在家兔体内的药动学影响

目的:观察丙磺舒对阿莫西林在健康家兔体内药动学的影响.方法:采用微生物杯碟法测定兔血清中阿莫西林的浓度.结果:阿莫西林单剂量肌内注射后,吸收迅速,Tmax=(0.78±0.09)h,Cmax=(0.87±0.30)μg·mL-1,其代谢模型为一级速率一房室模型.当阿莫西林和丙磺舒等剂量伍用时丙磺舒对阿莫西林药动学参数的影响达到最大值:阿莫西林的t1/2由(2.06±0.09)h延长至(5.50±0.52)h,AUC由(4.07±0.05)μg·mL-1·h增加至(13.75±3.09)μg·mL-1·h,Cmax由(0.87±0.30)μg·mL-1增加至(6.30±1.46)μg·mL-1,且三者统计学差异极显著(P<0.01).结论:丙磺舒对阿莫西林的药动学参数的影响呈S型,当两者等剂量伍用时影响最大.     

Towards a better understanding of bone bridge formation in the growth plate – an immunohistochemical approach

Abstract

The growth plate at the end of long bones is the cartilaginous organ responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children. Trauma to the growth plate, i.e. fractures, can severely impair longitudinal bone growth, leading to growth disorders due to destruction of the epiphyseal circulation and formation of a bone bridge. From the clinical experience it is known that in some patients this bone bridge eventually disappears during the growth process. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in bone bridge formation and dissolution have not been clarified yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal protein level of molecules potentially involved in these processes, i.e. RANKL, OPG, DKK-1, Coll 10, BMP-2 and IL-6, in an experimental rat model using an immunohistochemical approach. The results from our study suggest that bone bridge formation might be an early event starting immediately after growth plate injury and involving several pro-osteoblastic molecules, i.e. IL-6, BMP-2 as well as OPG and Coll X. In the late studied time points 3- and 9-month post-injury expression of anti-osteoblastic proteins, i.e. DKK1 and RANKL, was increased. This indicates that bone bridge dissolution might be a late event and potentially linked to Wnt signaling inhibition and RANK/RANKL signaling activation.     

改良V-Y外眦开大成形术的临床应用

目的：探讨改良V-Y外眦开大成形新术式。方法：将Y形切口线设计在睑缘灰线，板层劈开上下睑，并在切口末端增加两条垂直于睑缘的辅助切口线，切开睑板及睑结膜；部分或完全切断外眦韧带，充分分离使外眦呈“游离状态”。在无张或微张力的情况下外移外眦。结果：102例外眦开大成形术99例达到预期效果，开大外眦达1．5～5mm。结论：改良V-Y外眦开大成形术相比传统手术，保留了外眦外形结构，术后外眦无变形，远期回缩轻微，是目前比较理想的合乎美学原理的外眦开大成形术式。     

MIPPO结合NCB万向锁定板在老年股骨转子间骨折的运用

目的探讨运用MIPPO(微侵入钢板插入技术)结合NCB万向锁定板在老年股骨转子间骨折的治疗效果。方法运用MIPPO结合NCB万向锁定板对2013年7月至2015年10月收治的35例老年转子间骨折患者进行治疗,男21例,女14例;右髖16例,左髖19例;年龄为68~92岁,平均年龄83.5岁,Evans分型Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型10例,Ⅴ型7例。术前对患者均行骨盆正蛙位X光片和CT扫描,记录患者的手术时间、术中出血量、并发症情况、骨折愈合时间及末次随访时髖关节Harris评分等,初步分析该方法治疗老年股骨转子间骨折疗效和经验。结果本组患者手术时间平均为50.2 min(40~65 min),术中出血量平均为180 m L(150~230 m L)。35例患者术后均获得平均15.6个月(12~39个月)随访,1例出现术后内固定松脱后再行半髖置换治疗,34例术后均获得骨性愈合,平均愈合时间7.8个月(6~9个月)。术后末次随访时34例患者髖关节Harris评分平均为84.5分(75~90分)。结论 MIPPO结合NCB万向锁定板对于老年股骨转子间骨折治疗是有效、可靠的治疗方法,特别对于骨质疏松型股骨转子间骨折,微创MIPPO结合NCB万向锁定板可以达到更好的复位和早期稳定,是对老年股骨转子间骨折微创治疗方法的有益探索。     

锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折临床分析

目的探讨锁定加压钢板（LCP）治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的临床效果。方法将78例肱骨外科颈骨折患者根据内固定治疗不同的方式随机分为两组,观察组39例采用LCP治疗,对照组39例采用三叶草型钢板固定治疗,并比较两组的临床疗效。结果观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间均明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,观察组优良率为97.44%,明显高于对照组的66.67%（P〈0.05）。结论 LCP治疗肱骨外科颈骨折预后良好,临床疗效显著,值得基层医院临床大力推广应用。     

Correction osteotomy of distal radius malunion stabilised with dorsal locking plates without grafting

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of our correction osteotomies of distal radial malunions without a bone graft. Eleven consecutive patients (mean age 52 years, range 18–71) were treated. A dorsal approach was utilised to perform an opening-wedge osteotomy which then was stabilised with two dorsal columnar plates without filling the osteotomy gap. All patients went on to radiographic union with a filling of the osteotomy gap within a mean period of 3 months (range 2–6 months). All patients had satisfactory results in terms of function and pain. Correction osteotomy and stabilisation with bicolumnar locked plate fixation without a bone graft provides sufficient stability to allow the highly vascularised metaphysis to heal. In patients without risk factors predisposing to non-union, this procedure is safe and feasible.