Posterior shoulder instability following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty: A case report and review of management

We report a case of posterior shoulder instability following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). In addition, we present guidelines to aid in the management of posterior instability after TSA. A 50-year-old male underwent anatomic TSA for glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Postoperatively, the patient developed posterior instability secondary to glenoid retroversion. He did not improve despite conservative treatment. He underwent an arthroscopic posterior bone block procedure, 4-month after his index arthroplasty. At 14-month follow-up, the patient had regained near full motion and strength, and radiographs demonstrated osseous integration with no evidence of component loosening. Posterior instability following TSA is a relatively rare complication and challenging to manage. The posterior, arthroscopic iliac crest bone block grafting procedure represents a treatment option for posterior instability in the setting of a stable glenoid prosthesis following TSA.     

不同镇痛方式对全膝关节置换术后镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响

目的探讨神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞(continuous femoral nerve block,CFNB)镇痛或静脉镇痛对全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)后患者镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响。方法择期行单侧全膝关节置换术患者60例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,年龄51~71岁,体重50~77kg,随机均分两组:PCIA组和患者自控股神经镇痛组(PCNA组)。PCIA组:术后持续输注芬太尼镇痛;PCNA组:在神经刺激仪引导下行股神经置管,术后连续股神经阻滞镇痛。分别于术前、术毕、术后6、12、24和48h时采集股静脉血,检测IL-6及IL-10浓度。观察并记录术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS评分。记录尿潴留、低氧血症(SpO290%)、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡不良反应发生情况及追加哌替啶例数。结果与术前比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6、IL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05),PCNA组术后6、12hIL-6和术后6、12、24hIL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6浓度明显升高(P0.05),而术后6h时PCIA组IL-10浓度明显降低(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时VAS评分和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后恶心、嗜睡、追加哌替啶例数明显增加(P0.05)。两组无一例患者发生低氧血症。结论神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞镇痛效果良好,不良反应少,可以减轻TKA术后患者机体炎性反应。