慢性乙肝患者血清细胞因子、乙肝病毒与肝纤维化的关系

目的：探讨慢性乙肝患血清细胞因子（TGF－β，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-8），乙肝病毒（HBV）对肝纤维化（HA，PCⅢ，C-Ⅳ，LN）的影响作用。方法：采用ELISA和RIA方法检测171例慢性乙肝患血清TGF－β，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-8，HLA，PCǚ，C-Ⅳ，LN的水平，HBV－DNA定量检测采用PCR方法。结果：慢性乙肝患血清TGF－β，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-8，HA，PCⅢ，C-Ⅳ，LN的含量均不同程度高于对照组，且随肝损害程度的加重而升高，与肝损害程度呈正相关关系（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；须血清TGF－β1水平与血清HA，PCⅢ，C-Ⅳ，LN水平具有直线相关关系。HBV－DNA阳性组（Ⅱ组）均高于HBV－DNA阴性组（I组），且在慢性中，重度肝炎间差异显（P＜0．05）。结论：血清TGF－β，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-8参与慢性乙肝的发病机制及肝纤维化的形成，且与病毒复制的活跃程度相关。     

氯喹对全肝缺血再灌注大鼠肺损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨氯喹对全肝缺血再灌注大鼠急性肺损伤（Au）的保护作用及其机制。方法 健康SD大鼠90只，雌雄不拘，体重300～350g，随机分为3组：假手术组（A组）、全肝缺血再灌注组（B组）、全肝缺血再灌注＋氯喹组（C组），每组30只。阻断肝门及肝上、肝下下腔静脉20min时开放血流，建立大鼠全肝缺血再灌注模型。C组于缺血前即刻经股静脉注射氯喹10mg／kg，A、B组给予等量生理盐水。于缺血20min、再灌注4h时每组分别处死10只大鼠，抽取门静脉血，测定血浆D-乳酸、内毒素（ETX）、肿瘤坏死因子-a（TNF-a）浓度，另外10只用于观察再灌注48h时大鼠生存率，并在电镜下观察肺组织超微结构的改变。结果 缺血再灌注可导致大鼠缺血期和再灌注期门静脉血D-乳酸、ETX、TNF-a浓度升高，大鼠生存率降低，肺组织超微结构严重受损，氯喹可减弱全肝缺血再灌注导致的上述改变。结论 氯喹对全肝缺血再灌注大鼠ALI有一定的保护作用，通过抑制磷脂酶A2激活，降低肠粘膜屏障通透性升高，降低肠黏膜内毒素移位。     

计算机自动定量诊断脑萎缩的初步研究

目的研究正常人群脑容积随年龄及性别的变化规律,提出计算机定量诊断脑萎缩的客观标准。方法利用最新提出的脑容积计算机自动定量算法,测量了脑萎缩组487例(男,310例,女,177例)和正常组1901例(男,993例,女,908例)的颅腔容积、脑容积和脑实质分数(BPF),并通过多项式曲线拟合技术,研究正常人BPF随年龄变化的函数关系。结果正常组颅腔容积为(1271322±128699)mm3,脑容积为(1211725±122077)mm3,BPF为(95.3471±2.3453)%;脑萎缩组颅腔容积为(1276900±125180)mm3,脑容积为(1203400±117760)mm3,BPF为(91.8115±2.3035)%。两组之间的颅腔容积和脑容积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而BPF差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);BPF定量与年龄之间的二次多项式函数关系P(x)=-0.0008x2+0.0193x+96.9999能够较为准确表达正常人BPF随年龄变化的函数关系,其95%可信区间下限为y=-0.0008x2+0.0184x+95.1090。结论BPF与年龄之间函数关系的95%可信区间下限,可作为计算机自动定量诊断脑萎缩的客观标准。     

Hepatocyte isolation from pig livers after warm ischaemic injury

Abstract Hepatocyte cultures have been used extensively for a wide variety of physiological, pharmacological and experimental studies. The warm ischaemic period before isolation is kept to a minimum to achieve a high yield of cells isolated and a good viability for culture. We have recently introduced a new concept of liver resuscitation after warm ischaemia that is based on a 3-h reperfusion period with an improved perfusate and simultaneous dialysis. In this study, we applied the new technique for hepatocyte isolation from livers subjected to 80 min of complete ischaemia at 37 °C. Cell yield was improved by a resuscitating perfusion from 58% to 73% and viability from 39% to 76%.     

人型支原体感染的血清流行病学研究

1989年3～4月对南京铁咯分局1423名健康人进行了人型支原体感染的血清流行病学调查。结果表明,人群中存在Mh感染抗体阳性率为3.72％,GMT为1:3.38。感染与性别、年龄、职业、婚姻、病史以及性接触等因素有关。提示该病是一种性传播疾病,应引起高度重视。     

A method combining morphological, immunocytochemical and chromosomal examinations of the same cell in the study of lymphoproliferative diseases

6 cases of different lymphoproliferative diseases were studied with the new MAC (Morphology-Antibody-Chromosome) method in order to find out 1) if the abnormal karyotype is confined to the monoclonal cell population, 2) if there are, within this clone, also cells with a normal karyotype, and 3) if the method can help the pathologist to diagnose malignant lymphoproliferative diseases. The MAC method allows a simultaneous study in the same metaphase cell of the karyotype, surface markers, and some morphological features. In all cases in which a monoclonal cell proliferation was detected immunohistologically, the MAC examination showed a chromosomal abnormality for the same light chain as was detected in immunohistology, but not in other cells. In all but a single case, all mitotic cells belonging to the clonal cell proliferation had an abnormal karyotype. In this case with lambda clonality, 2/8 lambda-positive mitoses had a normal karyotype. However, all the normal mitoses occurred in small lymphocytes whereas the abnormal mitoses were seen in large blastic cells. In 1 case, the MAC method helped in confirming the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (nodular small cleaved cell type). Especially in lymphomas composed of a mixed cell population, the MAC method makes it possible to find out which cell types have an abnormal karyotype and which have a normal karyotype.     

335例退行性骨关节病直流感应电康复总结

报告335例退行性骨关节病变,均经 x 线摄影证实,用直流感应电治疗。痊愈62例,占18.51%;显效115例,占34.33%;好转139例,占41.49%;无效19例;占5.67%。总有效率94.33%。有复发者再经治疗仍可收到效果。并对作用机制进行了探讨。     

2687例血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体和微粒体抗体测定及其临床意义

报告2687例血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体和甲状腺微粒体抗体的放射免疫测定结果,九类病人的抗体阳性率如下:甲状腺正常病人12.6(30/239)、孤立甲状腺结节16.9%(62/383)、弥漫性甲状腺肿35.4%(226/638)、多结节甲状腺肿54.7%(104/190)、甲亢未治疗77.7%(404/520)、甲亢治疗中67.2%(218/345)甲亢临床已治愈60.3(102/169),原发性甲减80.8%(118/146)、亚急性甲状腺炎35.1%(20/57)。各种甲状腺疾病的总阳性率为51.2%(1254/2448)。对甲状腺自抗体阳性在甲状腺疾病的诊断、治疗、和预后判断上的意义进行了讨论。     

5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇－3效应的研究

文中报道了５名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后２．５和３．５年外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞Ｔ细胞受体（ＴＣＲ）基因，ＴＣＲ、Ｔ细胞分化抗原决定簇－３（ＣＤ_３）表达与ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物功能的辐射效应．发现５名患者于照后２．５年，２名（５．２Ｇｙ和２．４Ｇｙ，５５岁）于照后３．５年外周血Ｔ细胞应答抗ＣＤ３单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复；经同时用ＩＬ－２和抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激，增殖能力比单用抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激有所增强；后２名的外周血ＴＣＲ、ＣＤ_３阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者；并见一患者出现ＤＮＡ重排杂交带型．本文并从ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３在介导Ｔ细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用，电离辐射对ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物的影响，后果和意义等方面进行了讨论．     

胆囊小隆起性病变的诊断及治疗

报告37例胆囊小隆起性病变，其中良性颈变34例，胆囊癌3例。结果：本组23例有临床症状，多表现为反复发作的右上腹疼痛或不适；病灶部位，大小，多少，有无合并胆石及病变性质与临床症状有关；B-us,OCG,CT的诊断符合率例如辚33／37，9／24和5／10（x^2=18.75,P<0.005)。认为对胆囊小隆起性病变的病灶≥10mm，有增大趋势，呈恶性图像，合并胆石或血清CEA升高的病例应及早手术治疗。