压力波形联合回流液相双指征监测法定位硬膜外麻醉的临床应用

背景 硬膜外穿刺技术临床上广泛用于颈部、胸腹部、下肢手术的麻醉与疼痛治疗.现行传统硬膜外麻醉操作为一种盲探性穿刺置管技术,单独依靠操作者的感觉和经验及简单的试验方法评判麻醉成功与否,难以做到精确可控,而麻醉状态无客观指征监测,麻醉失败原因常无法得知.目的 为改进现行盲探方法,探求硬膜外麻醉的可视化指征的可行性.内容 自2006年以来,经不断深入研究,以“压力波形联合回流液相双指征法”用于辅助硬膜外麻醉,达到了可视化指征,辅助硬膜外麻醉定位与监测,效果理想.至今已在临床成功应用万例以上(内蒙古医学院附属医院完成硬膜外麻醉1万余例/年,约占麻醉总例数的50％).趋向 目前此项技术已常规应用于临床并加以推广,现予以介绍,以期建立新型硬膜外麻醉操作流程,从而使麻醉全程达到严谨、规范、安全、可靠,进一步提高硬膜外麻醉的安全有效性.     

A proteomic approach to investigate AuNPs effects in Balb/3T3 cells

Although gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are currently used in several industrial products and biomedical applications, information about their biological effects is very limited. Thus, it is becoming crucial to assess their safety and adequately investigate the complexity of cell–nanoparticles interactions. In this work, the Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line was selected as an in vitro model to study the effects of AuNPs. Alteration of cellular processes and biochemical pathways caused by AuNPs exposure was investigated by analysing the differentially expressed proteome. Of interest was the difference observed in the protein pattern expression of cells exposed to AuNPs. It was found that 88 and 83 proteins were de-regulated after exposure to 5 and 15 nm AuNPs, respectively. Analysis of the proteome revealed that AuNPs triggers several pathways related to cellular growth and proliferation, cell morphology, cell cycle regulation, cellular function and maintenance, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Moreover, SPR analysis showed an increase of ECM proteins biosynthesis in cells exposed to AuNPs. We observed by TEM analysis that NPs are internalized and confined mainly in autophagosomes. Endoplasmic reticulum stressed and modification at mitochondrial level occurred. This study aims to improve existing knowledge necessary for a correct assessment of the balance between AuNPs potential adverse and beneficial effects and might have important implications for biomedical applications (e.g. nanomedicine).     

Micelle size effect on Fe-55 liquid scintillation efficiency

We used efficiency tracing techniques to study the micelle size effect on liquid scintillation counting of the electron capture nuclide, ⁵⁵Fe. We determined micelle hydrodynamic diameters for specific LS cocktails via dynamic light scattering, and sought trends in efficiencies as a function of micelle size. The presence of Fe³⁺ or Mn²⁺ ions in the cocktails did not significantly affect micelle sizes or fluorescence quenching. We did not detect any reductions in counting efficiencies due to the micelle size effect.     

microRNA的液体芯片检测方法

microRNA表达谱的检测需要精确、高通量和多重检测方法 ,液体芯片可通过编码微球结合探针的序列差异,来检测相应的microRNA序列。本文介绍了两代液体芯片背景的FlexmiR产品,其通过锁核酸,逐步降温和单链酶解来提升对microRNA检测的特异性,为临床科研microRNA的研究提供新的检测工具。     

高效液相色谱质谱联用法测定射干合剂中8种中药成分的含量

目的:建立一种高效液相色谱质谱联用法同时测定黄芩苷、野黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、咖啡酸、麻黄碱、射干苷、次野鸢尾黄素、黄芩素等8种中药成分的含量及其在我院自有制剂射干合剂中的应用。方法:色谱条件:色谱柱为ZORBAX SB-C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈,梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 ml·min-1,柱温:35℃;质谱条件:采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应离子监测(MRM),结合正负离子扫描切换,其中咖啡酸、野黄芩苷、射干苷采用负离子模式检测,黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、次野鸢尾黄素、黄芩素、麻黄碱采用正离子模式检测。结果:黄芩苷、野黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、咖啡酸、麻黄碱、射干苷、次野鸢尾黄素、黄芩素的定量限分别为1.44×10-4,4.20×10-3,2.95×10-4,7.80,4.90×10-3,4.6×10-2,3.18×10-4,4.85 ng·ml-1,检测限分别为4.32×10-5,1.3×10-3,8.84×10-5,0.77,2.90×10-4,3.33×10-4,9.5×10-5,1.46 ng·ml-1;在相应的线性范围内R2>0.992 3;日内和日间精密度(RSD)均小于5%,平均回收率均在80%~120%。结论:本方法在20 min内实现这8种化合物的分离和测定,简单、快速、灵敏、准确,可用于射干合剂多成分含量测定。     

Determination of fluoroquinolones in chicken feces – A new liquid–liquid extraction method combined with LC–MS/MS

The application of antibiotics including fluoroquinolones to farming animals is widespread and may lead to the development of antibiotic resistance and other environmental effects. To calculate environmental loads and for a proper risk assessment it is necessary to determine the antibiotic concentration in feces. Therefore, a new liquid–liquid extraction method combined with HPLC–MS/MS for the detection of marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and difloxacin in chicken feces was developed. Recoveries ranged from 51.0% to 83.5%. LOQs were between 0.10 and 1.09 μg/kg. Feces of chickens treated with an enrofloxacin dosage of 10 mg/kg bodyweight revealed maximum enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations of 61.3 and 18.8 mg/kg. Both antibiotics could be detected in feces up to two days after the last application in notable amounts (∼1 mg/kg). Thus, feces of recently medicated chickens should not be used as a fertilizer without any further processing.     

Genital footprints of extragenital tuberculosis in infertile women: Comparison of various diagnostic modalities

BackgroundGenital tuberculosis (TB) continues to remain an important cause of infertility in women, especially in developing countries. It is mostly consequent to a primary infection elsewhere in the body. The diagnosis is challenging, considering its paucibacillary nature. Although there are many studies on association of genital tuberculosis with infertility, there is paucity of literature on impact of extragenital tuberculosis on fertility of women through involvement of female reproductive organs. The various diagnostic modalities available have limitations and quest is ongoing for the best diagnostic test.MethodThis was a prospective observational study conducted at the infertility clinic of a tertiary care health facility where 60 infertile women with either tubal factor or unexplained infertility with or without past history of extragenital tuberculosis were enrolled as study subjects or controls respectively. Mantoux test was performed in all women and diagnostic laparo-hysteroscopy was performed in all women to look for any evidence of uterine and/or tubal damage. The peritoneal fluid was sent for GeneXpert and Liquid culture for mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results of Mantoux test, GeneXpert and liquid culture were compared with the laparohysteroscopic findings.ResultOf the thirty infertile women in the study group, 27/30 (90%) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and 3/30 (10%) had history of tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy. It was observed that Mantoux test was positive (induration >10 mm) in 27/30 (90%) of women in the study group as compared to only 4/30 (13.3%) controls. Abnormal hysteroscopic findings were documented in 26.6% (8/30) study group women as compared to 6.6% (2/30) women in the control group. Similarly, 60% (18/30) of women in the study group had abnormal laparoscopic findings compared to 33% (10/30) in the control group. Seven out of thirty (23.3%) women were positive for GeneXpert in the study group compared to only 1/30 (3.3%) in the control group. Similarly, liquid culture was positive in 6/30 (20%) of women in the study group as compared to 1/30 (3.3%) in the control group. All the above differences were statistically significant. We observed that the sensitivity of Mantoux test (75.8%) stand alone was higher than the other tests combined (50%). However, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) increases markedly (up to 100%) to when all the three tests are combined.ConclusionThe authors conclude that all women presenting with infertility should be screened for a past history of tuberculosis and actively worked up for genital tuberculosis in case the history is positive. The various available tests (Mantoux test, GeneXpert and liquid culture) have their limitations for the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. Thus an approach of early resort to laparohysteroscopy in suspected patients is desirable so that definitive management may be instituted timely and promptly.     

Identification of potential bioactive peptides generated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of soybean seeds and soy milk proteins

In this work, the bioactive peptides produced during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of soybean seeds and soy milk were investigated. The analysis was performed on extracted protein samples from soybean seeds and milk or directly on untreated soy milk. Proteins samples were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and then analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for peptide sequencing. The identified peptides were 1173 in soybean seed samples, 1364 in untreated soy milk samples and 1422 in soy milk samples in which proteins were extracted by precipitation. The peptide identifications were then employed to search specific databases and look for the presence of bioactive peptides in the investigated samples, either with known biological activity or with potential antimicrobial activity. Results pointed out that soybean proteins underwent an extensive degradation process during gastrointestinal digestion and generated a large number of bioactive peptides, some with established activity, some with predicted antimicrobial activity. Finally, the supernatants collected after protein precipitation with acetone from both soybean seeds and soy milk were also analyzed to evaluate the presence of peptides produced by the action of endogenous proteases. Likely, peptides found in soy milk samples could be formed during food processing.     

老年学实验用果蝇饲养新方法的研究

原有的老年学实验用果蝇饲养方法存在许多缺点。本文研究了一种以液体饲料代替原有的固体培养基饲料、以一种在底部侧面接有小嘴的三角烧瓶代替平底试管饲养果蝇的新方法。用这种方法饲养果蝇,可省去需经常配制和更换培养基的繁琐工作,并可避免果蝇的意外死亡。     

橘红痰咳液联合莫西沙星治疗痰浊阻肺型老年社区获得性肺炎的临床研究

目的 探讨橘红痰咳液联合莫西沙星注射液治疗痰浊阻肺型老年社区获得性肺炎的临床效果。方法 选取2018年11月-2019年2月天津中医药大学第一附属医院收治的120例老年痰浊阻肺型社区获得性肺炎患者,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组静脉滴注盐酸莫西沙星氯化钠注射液,250 mL/次,1次/d。治疗组患者在对照组治疗基础上口服橘红痰咳液,20 mL/次,3次/d,两组均连续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效和影像学吸收情况,比较两组临床症状缓解时间和治疗前后白细胞计数（WBC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）的变化。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率为95.00%,显著高于对照组的88.33%（P<0.05）。治疗组患者体温恢复正常、咳嗽消失时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者WBC、CRP、PCT水平较治疗前明显降低（P<0.05）;且治疗后,治疗组这些炎症指标比较降低更显著（P<0.05）。治疗后,对照组影像学总吸收率是98.33%,治疗组是96.66%,两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论 橘红痰咳液联合莫西沙星注射液治疗痰湿阻肺型老年社区获得性肺炎患者具有较好的临床疗效,可缩短症状缓解时间,减轻炎症反应程度,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。