青年肢体残疾人全面康复需求现状调查

目的了解青年肢体残疾人的康复需求状况,为制定相关政策提供依据。方法采用非随机抽样方法,通过结构式问卷调查收集数据。结果肢体残疾人康复需求多样而迫切,其中医疗康复需求、功能训练需求、辅助器具需求、社会融入需求,以及讯息咨询需求在调查对象中均为100%需要;教育培训需求、就业服务需求、无障碍环境改造需求及文化体育需求超过50%;不需要托养服务者为57.4%。结论应重视青年肢体残疾人的康复需求,为这一群体提供有针对性的康复服务,促进青年肢体残疾人的全面发展。     

栀黄止痛散治疗急性踝关节扭伤的疗效及对损伤韧带形态学的影响

目的 观察栀黄止痛散治疗急性踝关节扭伤的疗效及对损伤韧带形态学的影响.方法 将92例急性踝关节扭伤患者随机分为对照组与观察组各46例,对照组采用基础疗法联合双氯芬酸二乙胺软乳胶剂外敷,观察组采用基础疗法联合栀黄止痛散外敷,共治疗14 d.比较2组治疗前后视觉模拟评分表(VAS)疼痛评分及血清氧化应激因子水平、踝关节周径...     

恶性骨肿瘤的保肢治疗临床疗效分析

目的:探讨恶性骨肿瘤切除后,采用不同方法进行保肢治疗的效果,比较其优缺点。方法:回顾性研究我院收治176例恶性骨肿瘤的患者,评估保肢术后的效果、生活质量、并发症等。结果:随访5月~84月(平均39个月),原发骨肿瘤有21例复发;13例发生肺转移;12例死亡。24例骨转移癌患者生活质量明显提高。根据Enneking肢体功能评价标准:优73例,良61例,可24例,差18例。结论:术前和/或术后合理的化疗,掌握好保肢手术的适应症以及术式的正确选择是恶性骨肿瘤保肢成功的关键,必要的外科手术对提高骨转移癌患者的生活质量具有积极意义。     

巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀的预防措施

目的探讨颅内巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出形成原因、预防措施及其并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析巨大脑膜瘤87例临床资料,通过精确定位、麻醉方法的改变、增加手术操作空间、减少脑组织牵拉、尽可能保留回流静脉以及肿瘤残腔的处理等综合措施,减少术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出发生率。结果87例患者中仅1例因脑肿胀、脑膨出影响手术进程。且根据脑膜瘤切除Simpson分级,肿瘤全切除(simpsonⅠ、Ⅱ)72例,次全切除(simpsonⅢ、Ⅳ)15例,无死亡病例。结论综合的、合理的预防措施能有效缓解术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出,提高巨大肿瘤的切除率并减少并发症发生。     

MR imaging based strategies in limb salvage surgery for osteosarcoma of the distal femur

Objective. To analyse to what extent MR imaging based decisions were correct in determining the surgical procedure in patients with osteosarcoma of the distal femur. Design. We compared the findings on MR imaging that determined the surgical strategy with the actual surgical findings or histopathological specimen. We assessed to what extent MR images could be used to determine the surgical procedure in patients with osteosarcoma. Patients. Between 1985 and 1992, 34 patients with an osteosarcoma were treated. Two patients had a low-grade osteosarcoma. Thirty-two patients with a high-grade osteosarcoma of the distal femur (17 stage IIB, 15 stage III) were included in this study. Surgical options consisted of either limb salvage surgery or ablative surgery, which included the Van Nes-Borggreve rotationplasty. Limb salvage surgery consisted of extra-articular or transarticular resection, followed by reconstruction. Surgery was planned depending on the local extent of the tumour as depicted on the MR studies, coupled with data from the biopsy, age, patient compliance and histological grade. Follow-up was available in all patients. Nine of 17 patients graded as IIB were alive with an average follow-up of 68 months (range 46–109 months), of whom one has metastases. No local recurrence was encountered. Results. If no tumour involvement on MR imaging was found and this was used as a determining factor, this proved to be correct at subsequent analysis. We found that in eight of 11 cases, when MR images suggested a close relationship between tumour and nerve, an oncologically safe plane could be achieved during surgery. In three, a free plane could not be accomplished, as confirmed at histopathological examination. Hence, when nerve involvement was equivocal on MR imaging we found it valuable to reassess nerve involvement during surgery and reconsider limb salvage surgery. When the decisive factor was the vascular involvement and tumour extension was read as equivocal, it was possible to obtain a oncologically safe plane in six of 13 cases. When comprehensive tumour involvement of any structure was noted pre-operatively, it proved to be correct at histopathological examination, except for one case of assumed vascular involvement that proved to be free. Conclusions. If no tumour involvement of a structure was found on MR imaging and this was used as a determining factor, this proved to be correct. When nerve involvement was equivocal on MR imaging we found it valuable to reassess nerve involvement during surgery and reconsider limb salvage surgery. Extensive tumour involvement of any structure, as shown by MR imaging, could be used correctly as a decisive argument in planning a surgical procedure.     

复合血管序贯式旁路移植术治疗慢性肢体缺血的临床分析

目的:探讨复合血管序贯式下肢动脉旁路术治疗慢性下肢缺血的效果。方法:回顾性分析3年内采用复合式血管序贯式动脉血管重建的25例慢性下肢缺血患者的临床资料。复合血管由聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）人工血管及自体静脉组合而成。PTFE近心端与股总动脉吻合，远端与孤立腘动脉吻合；自体静脉从PTFE血管远端发出并与小腿的胫或腓动脉吻合。结果:自体静脉远端吻合口止于胫前动脉5例，胫后动脉8例，腓动脉12例。术后1，2，3年累积通畅率分别为78%， 72%， 61%。二期累积通畅率分别为83%，77%，68%。救肢率分别为83%，83%，73%。结论:复合血管序贯旁路术治疗慢性肢体缺血远期通畅率较高，具有较好的救肢效果，是解决自体静脉不足的合理选择。     

Peripheral Angioplasty as the First-choice Revascularization Procedure in Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: Prospective Study of 993 Consecutive Patients Hospitalized and Followed Between 1999 and 2003

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral angioplasty (PTA) as the first-choice revascularisation procedure in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: PTA was employed as first choice revascularisation in a consecutive series of diabetic patients hospitalized for CLI between January 1999 and December 2003. RESULTS: PTA was successful performed in 993 patients. Seventeen (1.7%) major amputations were carried out. One death and 33 non-fatal complications were observed. Mean follow-up was 26+/-15 months. Clinical restenosis was observed in 87 patients. The 5 years primary patency was 88%, 95% CI 86-91%. During follow-up 119 (12.0%) patients died at a rate of 6.7% per year. CONCLUSIONS: PTA as the first choice revascularisation procedure is feasible, safe and effective for limb salvage in a high percentage of diabetic patients. Clinical restenosis was an infrequent event and PTA could successfully be repeated in most cases.     

精子功能测定的新方法—精子低渗膨胀试验

对98例(生育组30例,不育组68例)精液采用低渗果糖溶液进行精子低渗膨胀试验,求出 g 型精子百分率。生育组为37.5±6.3%;不育组为21.8±14.0%,经 t 检验呈显著差异(t=5.88,P<0.01)。     

人工虎骨粉治疗老年脆性骨折的有效性临床研究

目的探讨人工虎骨粉对老年脆性骨折患者肿胀、疼痛的缓解作用,及对生活质量的影响。方法选择62例脆性骨折患者,采用随机信封方法分为两组,每组各31例,患者均给予骨折的综合治疗,干预组给予工虎骨粉口服,对照组给予碳酸钙和维生素D口服。于干预前及干预第15、30天记录肿胀评分、疼痛评分。分别于干预前及干预后3、6个月记录简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能、生活质量(SF-36)。结果干预第15、30天,两组的肿胀、疼痛评分下降,干预组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后3、6个月,两组的运动功能、生活质量评分升高,干预治疗组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人工虎骨粉可有效缓解脆性骨折老年患者的早期肿痛,改善患者运动功能,提高生活质量。