Post-operative pain and inflammatory reaction reduced by injection of a corticosteroid

Summary In a controlled crossover study, identical surgical procedures, the prophylactic removal of bilateral non-erupted 3rd molar teeth, were performed on two separate occasions in 24 healthy patients. Prior to each procedure, either betamethasone 9 mg (Celeston Chronodose^®) or placebo was administered intramuscularly, in a randomized fashion. Objective and subjective assessments were recorded for paired comparison of the post-operative course, including swelling, pain, trismus, local temperature, bleeding, wound-healing and preference for treatment. In 23 patients, less swelling occurred when betamethasone was given pre-operatively. The mean reduction on the 3rd and 6th post-operative days was 55% (p<0.001) and 69% (p<0.001), respectively. Pain assessments (visual analogue scale) were significantly lower after the corticosteroid injection; mean response: 1st evening 17 vs 56 mm, 2nd evening 5 vs 37 mm, and 3rd evening 2 vs 13 mm. No significant correlation between the steroid-induced reduction in swelling and pain could be made. This may indicate that dissociation may exist between pain and other inflammatory events like swelling. No clinically apparent infection or other disturbance of wound-healing was noted after corticosteroid administration. This treatment course was preferred by 23 of the 24 patients.     

CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠线粒体损伤的影响

目的：观察CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的影响。方法：分离提纯脑缺血再灌注小鼠脑的线粒体。用分光光度法检测线粒体的膜肿胀度，用激光拉曼光谱检测脑线粒体的生物大分子的变化。结果：小鼠脑缺血再灌注后。其线粒体出现膜肿胀，CBN50、100mg／kg iv对此有明显的抑制作用。各组脑线粒体的Raman和IR光谱基本一致。CBN组与假手术组比较接近。模型组只是在量上有一些差异。结论：CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的有一定的保护作用。     

Assessing equine sperm-membrane integrity

The swelling of cells in a hypo-osmotic medium has been described as an important criterion for assessing the functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane. The resistance of equine spermatozoa to osmolarity changes was studied by extending 98 semen samples collected from nine stallions in media at five osmolarities (300, 200, 150, 100, and 50 mOsmol l(-1)). The response of the cells was measured by the spermatocrit technique and eosin staining. Spermatocrit determines the increase on spermatozoal volume under hypo-osmotic conditions, a sign of functional integrity of sperm plasma membrane, whereas the eosin staining evaluates the viability of spermatozoa. A significant positive correlation (P<0.01) was observed between spermatocrit values and percentage of eosin-unstained cells. Spermatocrit measurements and eosin staining proved to be useful methods to evaluate the integrity of sperm plasma membrane under hypo-osmotic conditions and could be used as an additional criterion to predict semen preservation ability.     

急性颅内血肿清除后继发对侧迟发性血肿

目的：急性外伤性颅内血肿清除的术中及术后，如及时发现对侧迟发性血肿并治疗可提高疗效。方法：在术中发生急性脑肿胀时应在对侧钻颅探查或术后病人恶化时行ＣＴ检查。结果：治疗３０例对侧迟发血肿病人其中１０例死亡，手术死亡率为３３．３％。结论：在清除急性外伤性颅内血肿时发生急性脑肿胀或术后病情恶化应想到对侧可能是迟发性血肿形成，宜尽早钻颅探查或复查ＣＴ，早诊早治可改善预后。     

治伤巴布剂对大鼠创伤性软组织肿胀模型骨骼肌中AQP-1表达的影响

目的:观察治伤巴布剂对大鼠急性软组织损伤模型骨骼肌中AQP-1表达的影响.方法:SD大鼠54只,随机分成3组,分别为正常对照组、模型组和药物处理组.造模后1h、6h、1d、3d、5d、7d6个时相点处死动物,每组每个时相点3只,在标记的区域内肌肉组织取材,采用干湿比重法测定骨骼肌组织的含水量,应用Western Blot、qPCR法检测AQP-1蛋白及基因的表达水平,并进行相关分析.结果:检测的6个时相点中,模型组和药物处理组的肌肉组织含水量均高于正常对照组,在3d、5d、7d3个时相点,药物处理组的含水量低于模型组,药物处理组、模型组的AQP-1蛋白及基因表达水平均高于正常对照组,而药物处理组与模型组相比,差异具有统计学意义.结论:治伤巴布剂具有减轻急性软组织肿胀的作用,从而加速急性软组织损伤后修复的进程.     

社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响

目的探讨社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响。方法选取2011年10月至2012年9月于本院进行治疗的105例四肢骨折患者为研究对象,将患者中不同社会支持程度及文化程度患者的临床依从性及90项症状自评量表评估结果进行比较。结果大专学历及以上、高社会支持患者的临床依从性较佳率分别为95.45%和91.11%,均高于高中及以下、一般及低社会支持的患者,且大专学历及以上90项症状自评量表各项目评分均低于高中及以下患者,高社会支持者均低于一般及低社会支持的患者,以上数据经统计学处理,其差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响较大,在对患者进行干预的过程中应给予充分重视。     

巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀的预防措施

目的探讨颅内巨大脑膜瘤术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出形成原因、预防措施及其并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析巨大脑膜瘤87例临床资料,通过精确定位、麻醉方法的改变、增加手术操作空间、减少脑组织牵拉、尽可能保留回流静脉以及肿瘤残腔的处理等综合措施,减少术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出发生率。结果87例患者中仅1例因脑肿胀、脑膨出影响手术进程。且根据脑膜瘤切除Simpson分级,肿瘤全切除(simpsonⅠ、Ⅱ)72例,次全切除(simpsonⅢ、Ⅳ)15例,无死亡病例。结论综合的、合理的预防措施能有效缓解术中术后脑肿胀脑膨出,提高巨大肿瘤的切除率并减少并发症发生。     

Peripheral Angioplasty as the First-choice Revascularization Procedure in Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: Prospective Study of 993 Consecutive Patients Hospitalized and Followed Between 1999 and 2003

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral angioplasty (PTA) as the first-choice revascularisation procedure in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: PTA was employed as first choice revascularisation in a consecutive series of diabetic patients hospitalized for CLI between January 1999 and December 2003. RESULTS: PTA was successful performed in 993 patients. Seventeen (1.7%) major amputations were carried out. One death and 33 non-fatal complications were observed. Mean follow-up was 26+/-15 months. Clinical restenosis was observed in 87 patients. The 5 years primary patency was 88%, 95% CI 86-91%. During follow-up 119 (12.0%) patients died at a rate of 6.7% per year. CONCLUSIONS: PTA as the first choice revascularisation procedure is feasible, safe and effective for limb salvage in a high percentage of diabetic patients. Clinical restenosis was an infrequent event and PTA could successfully be repeated in most cases.     

电针预处理对肢体缺血再灌注大鼠生存、脑损伤及认知功能的影响

 目的：观察电针（EA）预处理对肢体缺血再灌注（LI/R）大鼠生存情况、脑损伤及认知功能的影响,探讨相关机制。方法：清洁级、健康成年雄性SD大鼠132 只,体重255～300 g,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为3 组：假手术(sham)组、LI/R组和LI/R+EA预处理 (LI/R+EA) 组。LI/R组采用动脉夹夹闭双后肢股动脉3 h,建立LI/R模型;sham组只暴露股动脉,不夹闭;LI/R+EA组于模型制备前14 d行电针治疗,针刺穴位为“百会”、“足三里”及“血海”。观察各组大鼠7 d生存率;于再灌注48 h,用Morris水迷宫方法测试大鼠认知功能的变化;其余大鼠于再灌注48 h后处死取材,用干湿重法测定脑含水量;免疫组织化学法测定小胶质细胞标志物Iba1;采用Western blotting检测cleaved caspase-3的表达水平;原位末端标记(TUNEL)法检测神经细胞凋亡并计算凋亡指数;光镜下观察海马病理结构变化;化学法测定活性氧（ROS）、丙二醛（MDA）含量及髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果：与sham组比较,LI/R组及LI/R+EA组大鼠7 d生存率下降,潜伏期和游泳距离增加,穿越平台次数减少,海马Iba1阳性细胞数增加,cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量增加,凋亡指数明显增加,神经元减少,ROS、MDA含量及MPO活性增加,SOD活性降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与LI/R组相比,LI/R+EA组上述指标得到明显改善(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论：电针预处理能提高LI/R大鼠生存率,减轻脑损伤及改善大鼠认知功能障碍,其机制可能与抑制小胶质细胞激活、减轻氧化应激损伤有关。