面向叙词表编制的生物、医学、农业间学科交叉现象研究

目的：通过研究叙词表覆盖学科的学科交叉现象及交叉程度,优化叙词表专业概念的收录比例,促进叙词表概念关系的构建。方法：基于传统的分类法体系——分类号,统计生物、医学、农业三大学科的文献产出数量及其拥有的多个分类号的文献数量,分析3个学科间的交叉现象及程度。结果：医学领域文献产出数最多,生物与农业两学科的交叉现象最明显。结论：研究与分析文献分类信息、学科交叉现象可以促进叙词表交叉概念的遴选。     

The Decision to Accept Treatment for Osteoporosis Following Hip Fracture: Exploring the Woman’s Perspective Using a Stage-of-Change Model

Despite the availability of medications that reduce fracture risk, most women who sustain a hip fracture are not evaluated or treated for osteoporosis. While a number of studies have attributed this to a lack of physician awareness, no studies have evaluated this problem from the patient’s perspective. To explore the process a woman negotiates when deciding to accept pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis after hip fracture, we used a stage-of-change model to characterize a consecutive series of 70 postmenopausal women (mean age 85 years) admitted to a tertiary care hospital with an acute low-impact hip fracture between May 2000 and August 2000. We measured stage-of-change using a modified form of the Weinstein Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). The majority of patients (65%) were ineligible because of dementia or delirium; only 29 were eligible and 21 were enrolled. Most women (62%) were in stages 1 or 2 of the PAPM, indicating that they were unaware of osteoporosis or had never considered pharmacologic treatment for it. The only factors associated with a more advanced PAPM stage (indicating active consideration or currently taking treatment) were a previous bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation (p= 0.007) and a diagnosis of osteoporosis (p= 0.001). Although 48% of women had a previous fragility fracture and osteoporosis knowledge was poor overall (mean score 52% correct), neither was associated with a more advanced PAPM stage in this sample. In conclusion, women evaluated after hip fracture were not ready to accept pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis; they were unaware that they had osteoporosis or had never considered treatment for it. For a woman to advance through the behavior change process, she must first be made aware of the problem that requires a change in behavior. Physicians play a crucial role in promoting awareness of the diagnosis of osteoporosis after fracture, which in turn is associated with patient advancement through the behavior change process and the decision to accept pharmacologic intervention. The large number of cognitively impaired patients in this population, however, will certainly make efforts to improve osteoporosis awareness, diagnosis and intervention more challenging. Received: 20 August 2001 / Accepted: 12 December 2001     

Enquête sur la perception des compétences acquises chez des internes de néphrologie de 3e et 4e années en France

Due to a national theoretical training provided to all resident for many years and the ongoing discussions to change the organization of the resident training of specialized study diploma (SSD) of nephrology, a survey was done to assess the perception of skills acquired in the management of different clinical situations in terms of knowledge, expertise and attitudes. The expected results are intended to identify new training procedures for future nephrologists in France. The study was performed in 112 resident from 3rd and 4th year of nephrology resident training attending an educational seminar of the University College of Nephrology Teachers in May 2014. The survey was conducted with a self-administered anonymous questionnaire to assess the perception of the acquisition of different skills. The results show a heterogeneity acquisition between different areas of skills suggesting possible improvement with development of outpatient activity or with training in specialized units such as for peritoneal dialysis or plasma exchange activity. Therefore, these findings suggest further structuring of the regional training and development of the simulation training to acquire the expertise and attitudes. Finally, the use of an evaluation book of skills acquired throughout the training could be interesting in the context of standardization of validating training of nephrologists as proposed in the reform of the SSD of nephrology.     

基于中国知网的国内助产教育研究热点与趋势可视化分析

目的　分析近20年我国助产教育研究现状、发展趋势及前沿热点。方法　以"助产教育"OR"助产教学"为主题,检索中国知网数据库中2001年至2021年期刊文献。运用CiteSpace 5.7R5软件对其进行可视化分析,并生成知识图谱。结果　本研究共纳入中文文献548篇,年度发文量呈整体上升趋势;国内助产教育研究领域已形成明显核心团队,核心作者群间合作较少;《卫生职业教育》《中华护理教育》《中国高等医学教育》是载文量前3的杂志;关键词聚类显示频次最高的6个主题依次是助产专业、助产人员、助产教育、实践教学、分娩方式、教学模式,形成了助产教育等10个聚类群;我国助产教育领域研究前期多为临床技能教学、结构性考核、教学模式等研究,近3年逐渐转变为模拟教学、翻转课堂、产后康复等方面。结论　我国助产教育研究范围较广且形成明显核心团队,但相关性较弱且研究团队间交流合作较少,高层次助产教育领域研究不足。助产教育者和研究者应给予足够重视,对相关方面展开深入研究。     

Insufficient knowledge and inapproriate physiotherapy management of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) in lightweight rowers

ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge and management of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S), from the perspective of lightweight rowers and physiotherapists.DesignSemi-structured individual qualitative interviews.MethodsPhysiotherapists who had worked with lightweight rowers, and current and former lightweight rowers (who had experienced at least one symptom of RED-S), undertook audio-recorded semi-structured telephone interviews. An inductive thematic analysis was performed, facilitated by NVivo software.ResultsTwelve physiotherapists (n = 6 females, 1–20 years of experience managing lightweight rowers) and twelve lightweight rowers (n = 8 females, 1–8 years lightweight rowing experience, intermediate to elite/international level) were interviewed. Five key themes were identified: insufficient knowledge of RED-S, inadequate RED-S education, inappropriate management of RED-S, referral to other health professionals, prioritising performance over health. Participants provided suggestions for improving knowledge and management of RED-S in lightweight rowers, including formal physiotherapy education and training, and targeted education for athletes and coaches.ConclusionsThere was a significant lack of awareness of RED-S amongst physiotherapists and lightweight rowers. Most physiotherapists were not confident discussing or managing RED-S in athletes, and lightweight rowers were dissatisfied with the management they received. Improving RED-S education for physiotherapists and athletes may have important health implications for lightweight rowers.