肠道传播的非甲非乙型肝炎病人粪便排病毒规律的研究

1986～1987年新疆南部和田发生了一起肠道传播的非甲非乙型肝炎的流行。本研究用免疫电镜方法(IEM)对6例急性期病人的60份粪便标本进行了排病毒规律的检测。其中5例排病毒阳性(83.3％);全部粪便标本的病毒颗粒检出率为28.3％(17/60)。发病前1～4天的粪便标本阳性率为100％(3/3);发病后9～12天的阳性率为14.3％(1/7);发病两周后的22份标本全部阴性。17份不同病期收集的阳性粪便标本,94.1％(16/17)出现在病人血清转氨酶(SGPT)高峰值前,此时SGPT在100IU/L以下。故此,肠道传播的非甲非乙型肝炎患者的隔离期,应定为病后2～3周。     

新冠肺炎疑似或确诊轻症病例医学隔离管理风险评估表的构建

目的构建新冠肺炎疑似或确诊轻症病例医学隔离管理风险评估表,为精准识别高危病例并进行针对性治疗与护理提供参考。方法基于文献分析法、半结构访谈法,通过两轮德尔菲专家咨询,确定新冠肺炎疑似或确诊轻症病例医学隔离管理风险评估表。结果两轮专家咨询积极系数分别为100％和88.24%,权威系数分别为0.847和0.863,两轮专家咨询指标变异系数为0～0.35,肯德尔协调系数为0.187～0.324。构建的风险评估表包括一级指标4项,二级指标21项,三级指标77项。结论构建的风险评估表具有较高科学性和可靠性,但仍需进     

人胎盘滋养层细胞的分离培养及IgG FcγRⅢ在滋养层细胞的表达

目的：体外分离培养人胎盘滋养层细胞，观察其生物学特性，研究IgGFcγRⅢ（CD16）在人胎盘组织中的定位及体外培养的滋养层细胞是否存在CD16，从而为HCV母婴传播机制的研究提供细胞学实验基础。方法：采用胰蛋白酶消化法消化人足月胎盘组织，以35%、45%两个Percoll密度梯度进行分离纯化，用ABC免疫组化染色法对足月分娩后的胎盘组织石蜡包埋切片及体外分离培养的胎盘滋养层细胞进行染色。结果：胎盘组织中滋养层细胞角蛋白染色阳性，血管内皮细胞及基质成分波形蛋白染色阳性，经该法分离纯化的细胞角蛋白染色阳性者（滋养层细胞（占90%以上，胎盘组织切片的滋养层细胞及体外分离培养的滋养层细胞抗CD16染色阳性，阳性信号定位于胞质，未见胞核着色，结论：改进后的分离方法可能得到较高纯度的滋养层细胞，胎盘组织的滋养层细胞和体外分离培养的滋养层细胞均有CD16表达。     

原代大鼠肝细胞分离与纯化方法

目的探讨改良、简化肝细胞的灌注、分离方法,以提高细胞产量,降低制作成本.方法对传统的两步原位胶原酶灌流法进行改进,改变灌注方式,分离的大鼠肝细胞采用三次低速离心,台盼兰染色检测活率,并与Percoll梯度离心纯化法进行比较.结果大鼠肝细胞经低速离心后,活率仅（48.38±6.97）%.三次离心后再经Percoll梯度离心纯化后活率为（92.63±2.50）%,纯度〉95%,纯化前后活率比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）.结论该方法要求设备简单、容易操作,细胞产量、活率及纯度高.     

竹叶柴胡化学成分的研究

目的：为了开发利用竹叶柴胡(Bupleurum marginatum Wall.ex DC.)天然资源,阐明其有效成分,对竹叶柴胡根进行了化学成分研究。方法：运用层析手段和波谱方法分离并鉴定化合物。结果：分离并鉴定13个化合物,它们的结构分别被鉴定为( )-anomalin(Ⅰ),白花前胡丙素(( )-praeruptorin A)(Ⅱ),(4),( )3’-angeloyloxy-4’-keto-3’,4’-dihydroseselin(Ⅲ),木糖醇(xyhtol)(Ⅳ),柴胡色原酮A(saikoehromone A)(Ⅴ),6”-O-乙酰基柴胡皂苷d(6”-O-acetylsaikosaponin d)(Ⅵ),柴胡皂苷b4(saikosaponin b4)(Ⅶ),柴胡皂苷a(saikosaponina)(Ⅷ),柴胡皂苷d(saikosaponin d)(Ⅸ),柴胡皂苷b2(saikosaponin b2)(Ⅹ),柴胡皂苷c(saikosaponin c)(Ⅺ),此外还有β-谷甾醇,β-胡萝卜甙。结论：化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅷ,Ⅹ均为首次从竹叶柴胡中分得,其中化合物Ⅱ和Ⅲ为首次从该属植物中分得。     

冬凌草化学成分的研究

目的：从冬凌草Rabdosia rubescerts Hemsl．的全草中提取分离活性成分。方法：采用硅胶柱层析．Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析进行分离,通过理化性质和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果：从其石油醚及醋酸乙酯部分分离并鉴定了6个化合物,分别为胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)、冬凌草乙素(Ⅲ)、冬凌草甲素(Ⅴ)、Fffusanin E(Ⅳ)和Aurantiamide acetate(Ⅵ)。结论：化合物Ⅳ为首次从该植物中分得,化合物Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分得。本文还首次对化合物Ⅳ的^1HNMR和^13CNMR作了较全面的归属。     

Identification of treatment strategies for Mycoplasma genitalium-related urethritis in male patients by culturing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Mycoplasma genitalium was first isolated from urethral swab specimens of male patients with non-gonococcal urethritis. However, the isolation of M. genitalium strains from clinical specimens has been difficult. Co-cultivation with Vero cells is one available technique for the isolation of M. genitalium. The strains that can be used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by broth dilution or agar dilution methods are limited. Macrolides, such as azithromycin (AZM), have the strongest activity against M. genitalium. However, AZM-resistant strains have emerged and spread. Mutations in the 23S rRNA gene contribute to the organism’s macrolide resistance, which is similar to the effects of the mutations in macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Of the fluoroquinolones, moxifloxacin (MFLX) and sitafloxacin have the strongest activities against M. genitalium, while levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are not as effective. Some clinical trials on the treatment of M. genitalium-related urethritis are available in the literature. A doxycycline regimen was microbiologically inferior to an AZM regimen. For cases of treatment failure with AZM regimens, MFLX regimens were effective.     

Isolation and biological analysis of tumor stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma

AIM： To explore the method of isolation and biological analysis of tumor stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1. METHODS： The PANC-1 cells were cultured in Dulbecco modified eagle medium F12 （1：1 volume） （DMEM-F12） supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum （FBS）. Subpopulation cells with properties of tumor stem cells were isolated from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1 according to the cell surface markers CD44 and CD24 by flow cytometry. The proliferative capability of these cells in vitro were estimated by 3-[4,5-dimehyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） method. And the tumor growth of different subpopulation cells which were injected into the hypodermisof right and left armpit of nude mice was studied, and expression of CD44 and CD24 of the CD44^＋CD24^＋ cell-formed nodules and PANC-1 cells were detected by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex （ABC） immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS： The 5.1%-17.5% of sorted PANC-1 cells expressed the cell surface marker CD44, 57.8% -70.1% expressed CD24, only 2.1%-3.5% of cells were CD44^＋ CD24^＋. Compared with CD44-CD24- cells, CD44^＋CD24^＋ cells had a lower growth rate in vitro. Implantation of 104 CD44 CD24 cells in nude mice showed no evidenttumor growth at wk 12. In contrast, large tumors were found in nude mice implanted with 103 CD44^＋CD24^＋ cells at wk 4 （2/8）, a 20-fold increase in tumorigenic potential （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. There was no obvious histological difference between the cells of the CD44^＋CD24^＋ cell-formed nodules and PANC-1 cells. CONCLUSION： CD44 and CD24 may be used as the cell surface markers for isolation of pancreatic cancer stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1. Subpopulation cells CD44^＋CD24^＋ have properties of tumor stem cells. Because cancer stem cells are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and its recurrence after an initial response to chemotherapy, it may be a very promising target for new dr     

Cost-Effective Isolation of a Process Impurity of Pregabalin

Cost-effective isolation methods were developed on preparative HPLC, flash LC, and simulated moving bed (SMB) to prepare the process impurity, 3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhex-4-enoic acid (4-ene impurity), of pregabalin. By a thorough experimental study on the different isolation techniques available, it was concluded that SMB was the most cost-effective. Hence, it was a continuous chromatography that utilized the advantage of SMB so that a high quantity of the impurity was generated in a short period of time. SMB was equipped with eight reversed-phased columns and was used to separate the process impurity of pregabalin. The effects of flow rate in zone 2 (Q2) and 3 (Q3), as well as switching time, on the operating performance parameters like purity, productivity, and desorbent consumption were studied. Operating conditions leading to more than 90% purity in the raffinate outlet stream were identified, together with those achieving optimal performance. All of these developed methods are novel, cost-effective, and can be applied to the isolation of other process- and stability-related impurities of pregabalin.