Intramedullary fixation of lateral malleolus using Fibula Rod System in ankle fractures in the elderly

Background

Operative management of ever increasing ankle fractures in the elderly need a reliable system of internal fixation. We present results of one such fixation, Fibula Rod System.

Yellow nail syndrome in an elderly man

A case of yellow nail syndrome is described. Yellow nail syndrome is an uncommon disorder, which is characterized by the triad of slow-growing yellow nails, peripheral edema, and pleural effusions. An 80-year-old man was admitted to University of Tokyo Hospital for the evaluation of pretibial edema lasting over 35 years. Marked bilateral pretibial edema, discoloration of the nails, and onycholysis were noted on physical examination. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusions. The biopsy of the skin revealed ectatic lymph vessels with peripheral interstitial edema. Thorough examination should be emphasized in treating patients with unexplained peripheral edema or pleural effusions.     

青少年恒磨牙根管治疗后高嵌体修复的疗效观察

选择46颗经根管治疗后的青少年恒磨牙行CAD/CAM玻璃瓷高嵌体修复,运用USPHS标准进行临床评价.经2年复查,在嵌体固位、边缘密合性、邻接关系等方面性能良好,CAD/CAM玻璃瓷高嵌体可作为根管治疗后青少年恒磨牙的有效修复方法.     

A biomechanical comparison of proximal femoral nails and locking proximal anatomic femoral plates in femoral fracture fixation: A study on synthetic bones

Background:The incidence of fractures in the trochanteric area has risen with the increasing numbers of elderly people with osteoporosis. Although dynamic hip screw fixation is the gold standard for the treatment of stable intertrochanteric femur fractures, treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures still remains controversial. Intramedullary devices such as Gamma nail or proximal femoral nail and proximal anatomic femur plates are in use for the treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures. There are still many investigations to find the optimal implant to treat these fractures with minimum complications. For this reason, we aimed to perform a biomechanical comparison of the proximal femoral nail and the locking proximal anatomic femoral plate in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures.Result:Nail and plate models were locked distally at the same level. Axial steady load with a 5 mm/m velocity was applied through the mechanical axis of femur bone models. Axial loading in the proximal femoral intramedullary nail group was 1.78-fold greater compared to the plate group. All bones that had the plate applied were fractured in the portion containing the distal locking screw.Conclusion:The proximal femoral intramedullary nail provides more stability and allows for earlier weight bearing than the locking plate when used for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur. Clinicians should be cautious for early weight bearing with locking plate for unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures.     

动力髋部螺钉与股骨近端髓内钉固定治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的生物力学指标比较

目的：分析动力髋部螺钉(DHS)与股骨近端髓内钉(PFN)固定用于不稳定股骨转子间骨折治疗的生物力学差异。方法选取16根新鲜冷冻成人尸体股骨标本,制备成不稳定股骨转子间骨折模型。随机分为采用PFN固定的观察组(n=8)和采用DHS固定的对照组(n=8),比较两组骨折间压缩位移及压缩刚度、内固定失效时的最大载荷、抗扭转刚度等差异。结果观察组模型采用PFN固定后的轴向压缩位移小于对照组,压缩刚度值大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组内固定失效时的平均载荷为(4.28±0.39) kN,对照组内固定失效时的平均载荷为(3.76±0.41) kN,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着扭矩增大,两组骨折模型的股骨头颈部的扭角增加,但是观察组模型的抗扭转性能明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论股骨近端髓内钉用于不稳定性股骨转子间骨折的内固定,其具有良好的生物力学性能,在抗压及抗逆转方面均具有优势。     

PFNA与Gamma3钉治疗成人股骨粗隆间骨折疗效的meta分析

目的运用Meta分析方法比较股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)与Gamma3钉治疗成人股骨粗隆间骨折疗效的差异。方法使用计算机检索Pubmed、Science Direct、Web of Science、Cochrane数据库、AO/ASIF数据库、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库以及维普数据库。收集有关Gamma3钉与PFNA治疗成人股骨粗隆间骨折的各类型对照研究,依据纳入与排除标准选取文献、提取相关数据,使用Cochrane制作的Review Manager 5.3.3进行Meta分析。结果共有10篇文献纳入研究Meta分析结果,提示PFNA组较Gamma3钉组手术时间更短,术中出血量更少。但二者在髋功能评分、髋功能优良率、骨折延迟愈合或不愈合发生率、切口感染率、内固定物切出与移位率以及内固定物周围再骨折率上差异均无统计学意义。结论 PFNA较Gamma3钉有助于缩短手术时间和减少术中失血量,但在疗效方面差异无统计学意义。对于成人的股骨粗隆间骨折,选取上述两种方式都可以取得良好疗效。目前同时开展上述两种手术的医院较少,同时使用完全随机对照的研究数量较少,仍有待进行大样本的随机对照临床实验得出可靠结论。     

The Treatment of Mid-shaft Clavicle Fractures

Objective:

Through reviewing the relevant literature from the past decades, to summarize the assessment and management of fractures of the clavicle, and provide an overview of the clinical results of a range of treatment options.

Data Sources:

The data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles included in PubMed and EMBASE, published from 1960 to 2015.

Study Selection:

Studies involving assessment of fractures of the clavicle were reviewed. Further literatures were gathered regarding the conservative and surgical treatment of these fractures, including the methods of fixation and the surgical approaches used. Both conservative and surgical treatments were then compared and contrasted.

Results:

Through retrieving and reading the abstract, a total of 42 representative articles were selected, which covered all aspects of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment options.

Conclusions:

Although the majority of recent data suggest that surgery may be more appropriate as it improves functional outcome and reduces the risk of complications, we recommend that the treatment should be individually assessed.     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉远端动力化治疗A3型股骨转子间骨折术后骨不连1例

<正>患者,男,47岁,因车祸后左髋部肿胀、疼痛及活动受限2 h入院。X线片示左侧逆股骨转子间骨折,诊断为左侧逆股骨转子间骨折(AO 31-A3型)。患者入院后第2天在全身麻醉下行闭合复位内固定术,选用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA,10 mm,长度200 mm)固定。术后患者伤口一期愈合,术后2周复查     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉螺旋刀片位置对老年股骨转子间骨折疗效的影响

目的探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)螺旋刀片位置对老年股骨转子间骨折治疗效果的影响。方法对92例接受PFNA治疗的老年股骨转子间骨折患者按螺旋刀片在股骨头的放置位置不同分为:C/C组(44例,螺旋刀片正位及侧位均处于股骨头中心位置)和I/C组(48例,螺旋刀片正位处于股骨头下1/3位置、侧位处于股骨头中心位置)。比较两组患者术后的骨折复位情况、术后完全负重时间、螺旋刀片的尖顶距(TAD)、骨折愈合时间、术后并发症及末次随访时髋关节Harris评分。结果两组患者的术后复位情况、完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间、术后并发症发生情况、术后各时点髋关节Harris评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后TAD:C/C组为(22.07±2.84)mm,I/C组为(25.29±3.41)mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PFNA两种螺旋刀片的安置位置治疗老年股骨转子间骨折患者均可取得良好效果,但两组的TAD有明显差异。     

闭合复位加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨粗隆间骨折

目的探讨闭合复位加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)内固定治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效。方法 2010年1月~2013年1月采用闭合复位加长型PFNA内固定治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨粗隆间骨折12例。股骨粗隆间骨折按Evans分型,Ⅰ型10例,Ⅱ型2例。股骨干骨折按AO分型,A1型2例,B1型1例,B2型2例,B3型4例,C1型2例,C3型1例。术中利用牵引架闭合复位股骨干骨折,通过提拉钉纠正旋转及分离移位,再复位股骨粗隆间骨折,在C形臂X线机透视引导下,于大粗隆顶点打入导针,根据股骨髓腔大小插入合适直径的PFNA主钉,近端打入螺旋刀片,远端静态锁定。结果手术时间62~155 min,平均86.4 min。术中出血量80~240 ml,平均92.3 ml。11例随访6~24个月,平均12个月:均获得骨折愈合,股骨粗隆间骨折愈合时间8~12周,平均10周,股骨干骨折愈合时间16~36周,平均24周;无螺旋刀片切割、退出,髋内翻畸形及下肢短缩等并发症;按髋关节功能评分:优9例,良1例,可1例,优良率90.9%(10/11)。结论闭合复位加长型PFNA内固定治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨粗隆间骨折,操作简单,固定可靠,是股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨粗隆间骨折的理想内固定物。