寒痹酊湿敷联合电磁波照射治疗膝关节骨性关节炎病人的临床观察

[目的]观察寒痹酊湿敷联合电磁波照射治疗膝关节骨性关节炎病人的效果。[方法]对51例膝关节骨性关节炎病人给予寒痹酊湿敷联合电磁波照射膝关节治疗,同时给予针对性护理,参照加拿大西安大略和麦克玛斯特大学膝关节骨性关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分法和膝关节综合评定表,对病人的治疗效果进行观察和评价。[结果]优15例,良21例,可12例,差3例,治疗有效率为94.12%。[结论]寒痹酊湿敷联合电磁波照射可有效治疗膝关节骨性关节炎,加强护理可确保治疗方案发挥最佳效应,提高治疗效果并减轻不良反应。     

Supply of goods from hospitals to outpatients practicing intermittent self‐catheterization in Japan

Hospitals supply goods to patients practicing intermittent self‐catheterization (ISC), yet procedures for distribution have yet to be standardized, making it difficult to track the types of goods that are shipped and their amounts. The aim of this study was to standardize the types and amounts of goods provided by medical facilities on the basis of the survey results. We conducted a survey of medical facilities and patients regarding the status of goods supplied for ISC. Data were collected from January to May 2010 from 5 outpatient urology clinics and 26 patients practicing ISC. The first finding of this research is that the amount of supplied goods was insufficient and part of the supply method was incorrect. The second is that the status of goods supplied changed not only with ISC, but also with hospital characteristics. The third is that hospital costs averaged $63·10; the supplied catheter number affected hospital costs. Patient costs per month averaged $26·50, clearly showing that patients experience an economic burden. Patient costs were high in cases in which the percentage of types of goods supplied was low. A researcher analysed survey data to determine issues and procedures relevant to the supply of goods. The study showed a need to develop an optimal supply system for ISC patients and identified issues in the current system in Japan that require resolution.     

Methodology of photic stimulation revisited: updated European algorithm for visual stimulation in the EEG laboratory

Intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) is a common procedure performed in the electroencephalography (EEG) laboratory in children and adults to detect abnormal epileptogenic sensitivity to flickering light (i.e., photosensitivity). In practice, substantial variability in outcome is anecdotally found due to the many different methods used per laboratory and country. We believe that standardization of procedure, based on scientific and clinical data, should permit reproducible identification and quantification of photosensitivity. We hope that the use of our new algorithm will help in standardizing the IPS procedure, which in turn may more clearly identify and assist monitoring of patients with epilepsy and photosensitivity. Our algorithm goes far beyond that published in 1999 (Epilepsia, 1999a, 40, 75; Neurophysiol Clin, 1999b, 29, 318): it has substantially increased content, detailing technical and logistical aspects of IPS testing and the rationale for many of the steps in the IPS procedure. Furthermore, our latest algorithm incorporates the consensus of repeated scientific meetings of European experts in this field over a period of 6 years with feedback from general neurologists and epileptologists to improve its validity and utility. Accordingly, our European group has provided herein updated algorithms for two different levels of methodology: (1) requirements for defining photosensitivity in patients and in family members of known photosensitive patients and (2) requirements for tailored studies in patients with a clear history of visually induced seizures or complaints, and in those already known to be photosensitive.     

UW液对大鼠坐骨神经低温保存时组织结构、细胞活性及免疫原性的影响

目的研究UW液低温保存方法对大鼠坐骨神经组织结构、细胞活性及免疫原性的影响。方法 SD大鼠坐骨神经4℃条件下用UW液保存(UW组),分别保存1、4、6周,以新鲜坐骨神经作对照(对照组)。HE染色和透射电镜扫描观察组织结构改变;LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity试剂盒和TUNEL法分别评估细胞活性和凋亡程度;Western blot法检测细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)和主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ(MHCⅡ)的表达以了解免疫原性改变。结果各保存时相点UW组神经外膜和雪旺细胞基底膜结构均较完整,与对照组无明显差别。各UW组细胞活性程度降低,TUNEL阳性细胞数增多,ICAM-1和MHCⅡ表达降低,与对照组相比均有明显统计学差异(P<0.05);且4、6周组TUNEL阳性细胞数均高于1周组(P<0.05),ICAM-1和MHCⅡ表达均低于1周组(P<0.05),但4、6周组间均未见明显差异。结论 UW液低温保存方法能有效维持周围神经组织神经外膜和雪旺细胞基底膜结构完整性,并降低保存神经的免疫原性,但有效维持神经组织细胞活性的时限不超过1周。     

仙人掌外敷配合手法按摩治疗剖宫产后乳胀效果观察

目的探讨仙人掌捣烂外敷配合手法按摩治疗剖宫产后乳胀的效果。方法将150例剖宫产后乳胀患者随机分为三组。治疗组用仙人掌捣烂外敷配合手法按摩,芒硝外敷组予芒硝外敷,热敷按摩组予热敷、按摩及吸奶器抽吸处理乳胀。比较三组乳胀消退效果、泌乳量、乳房疼痛程度及疗效。结果治疗组与芒硝外敷组的有效率明显高于热敷按摩组。治疗组有效率与芒硝外敷组差异无统计学意义,但显效例数明显多于芒硝外敷组。三组产妇治疗后泌乳量比较,治疗组较芒硝外敷组及热敷按摩组泌乳量明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论仙人掌捣烂外敷配合手法按摩疗法对产后乳胀有明显疗效,值得临床推广。     

腰骶部热敷及按摩配合屈髋屈膝位提高初产妇的分娩质量

目的探讨第一产程腰骶部热敷按摩及第二产程采用屈髋屈膝位对减轻产痛和缩短产程的效果。方法选择2006年10月至2007年4月产妇160例,将单日分娩者80例作为研究组,双日分娩者80例为对照组。研究组产妇第一产程3个时段宫缩时采用腰骶部热敷及按摩,第二产程采用屈髋屈膝位;对照组按传统分娩方式,第二产程采用膀胱截石位。比较研究组产妇腰骶部热敷及按摩前后分娩疼痛的情况,研究组和对照组各产程时间及分娩方式。结果研究组产妇3个时段腰骶部热敷及按摩后分娩疼痛明显减轻（P〈0．01）,研究组产妇第一、第二产程及总产程时间比对照组均明显缩短（P〈0．01）,自然分娩率比对照组提高了18．75％．无指征剖宫产率降低了13．75％。结论第一产程宫缩时腰骶部热敷及按摩可明显减轻分娩疼痛,第二产程中指导产妇采用屈髋屈膝位可缩短产程及促进自然分娩。     

复方丹参注射液联合维生素E佐治新生儿寒冷损伤综合征临床观察

目的探讨复方丹参注射液与维生素E联合应用治疗新生儿寒冷损伤综合征的效果。方法将52例寒冷损伤综合征患儿分为2组,对照组22例采用常规治疗,观察组30例在常规治疗基础上加用复方丹参注射液1~2 mL.kg-1.d-1及维生素E局部外用,观察患儿体温恢复时间、一般情况好转时间、硬肿消退时间及治疗效果。结果观察组患儿体温恢复时间、一般情况好转时间及硬肿消退时间较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05),观察组总有效率(96.6%)明显高于对照组(86.4%,P<0.05)。结论复方丹参注射液联合维生素E局部外用治疗新生儿寒冷损伤综合征效果好,可缩短体温恢复时间和硬肿消退时间。     

Quels tests de terrain pour le suivi de la performance athlétique en sport collectif ?

Introduction

To monitor athletic performance throughout a team-sport season, strength and conditioning coaches are used to program various field tests that evaluate physiological variables predictive of performance in their activity. Nevertheless, performing all these field tests is time consuming and not well appropriated for frequent monitoring.

Synthesis of the facts

The present study investigated whether a single test can be used as a surrogate of overall team athletic performance.

Conclusion

It appears that the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test and a repeated sprint ability test, but not explosive power of lower limb or sprinting tests, are sensitive enough to differentiate different performance levels throughout the season.     

冷热敷时间对硫酸镁治疗兔耳缘静脉炎影响的实验研究

[目的]探讨硫酸镁冷热敷交替治疗静脉炎的最佳时机。[方法]静脉注射20%甘露醇建立兔耳缘静脉硬结型静脉炎模型,将24只建模成功的新西兰大白兔随机分为4组,均予50%硫酸镁湿敷。对照组为常温湿敷,实验1组、实验2组、实验3组分别冷敷12 h2、4 h4、8 h后换为热敷治疗。湿敷72 h后,大体观察及病理切片观察血管壁损伤程度、血管周围出血程度、血管淤血程度、炎细胞浸润程度、纤维组织增生程度、血栓形成程度、水肿程度。[结果]实验1组、实验2组较对照组、实验3组静脉总体损伤程度显著降低;血管壁损伤程度、血管周围出血程度、血管淤血程度、纤维组织增生程度、水肿程度各组比较差异均有统计学意义。[结论]硫酸镁治疗静脉炎冷热敷交替的最佳时机为12 h~24 h。     

空气波压力治疗乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿的临床观察

目的 探讨空气波压力治疗配合传统方法 治疗乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿的临床效果.方法 对收治的40例乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组20例,实验组用空气波压力治疗配合常规传统治疗,对照组采用常规传统治疗.结果 治疗前与治疗2 w后上臂周径差值两组分别为(4.7±0.6)cm、(3.9±0.4)cm,前臂周径差值两组分别为(2.0±0.7)cm、(1.1±0.4)cm,两组对比都有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组症状消失时间分别为(7.5±1.4)d、(12.6±2.8)d(P<0.05).结论 空气波压力治疗配合传统治疗,在乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿的治疗中疗效明显、安全且经济实用.