体外冲击波碎石术与综合排石疗法

目的提高对泌尿系统结石的治愈率。方法体外冲击波碎石后采用中频电刺激和药物综合排石。结果 3个月内治愈率达97.82%。结论体外冲击波碎石后综合排石是很有效的疗法。     

高能聚焦超声治疗良性前列腺增生的临床研究

目的评价高能超声体外聚焦治疗前列腺增生的有效性和安全性。方法应用FEP-BY01型热疗机治疗前列腺增生患者47例，治疗后定期随访观察患者IPSS和QOL残余尿及前列腺超声影像学变化。结果47例前列腺增生患者治疗后平均随访24个月，IPSS由术前（28．6±3．7）分降到术后（9．80±2．87）分，QOL由术前（5．6±1．3）分降到术后（2．0±0．8）分，治疗前残余尿由大于50ml甚至尿潴留，治疗后多数降到小于30ml，甚无残余尿，有效40例，无效7例，总有效率达85．1％。其临床症状及国际IPSS评分和QOL评估及残余尿情况均达到满意的效果。结论高能超声体外聚焦热疗在治疗前列腺增生疾病中安全有效，可以作为一种无创伤、无痛苦、治疗前列腺增生疾病的新方法。     

Dispersion of Filtered P Wave Duration by P Wave Signal-Averaged ECG Mapping System:

INTRODUCTION: Although it is desirable to know drug efficacy before initiating antiarrhythmic therapy, there have been no methods for this evaluation. P wave signal-averaged ECG (P-SAECG) is useful to detect subtle changes in disturbance of atrial conduction. The purpose of this present study was to test whether P-SAECG mapping system would give any information on the efficacy of disopyramide on the prevention of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). METHODS AND RESULTS: P-SAECG was performed before disopyramide treatment, at 3 hours after a single dose of oral disopyramide (200 mg), and after 4 weeks of disopyramide treatment (300 mg/day). After measuring the filtered P wave duration by the vector magnitude and mapping methods, we calculated filtered P wave duration dispersion, difference between the maximal and minimal filtered P wave duration within 16 chest leads at these three time points. Filtered P wave duration and filtered P wave duration dispersion before treatment were longer in 32 patients with symptomatic PAF than in 31 healthy volunteers. Disopyramide was effective for suppression of PAF in 17 patients and ineffective in 15 patients after 4 weeks of treatment. Filtered P wave duration was similarly prolonged at 3 hours in the two groups, whereas filtered P wave duration dispersion at 3 hours after the disopyramide administration behaved differently; it decreased in all of the effective group and increased in all of the ineffective group. The effective patients were prospectively followed with the same treatment for 6 months. In 16 (94%) of these 17 effective patients, no PAF was documented and they remained to be asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, measuring filtered P wave duration dispersion with the P-SAECG mapping method after a single administration may predict the long-term efficacy of disopyramide in patients with PAF.     

Microfluidic Cell Separation by 2-dimensional Dielectrophoresis

We describe a microfluidic device for separating cells according to their dielectric properties by combining 2-dimensional dielectrophoretic forces with field-flow-fractionation. The device comprises a thin chamber in which a travelling-wave electrical field is generated by a planar, multilayer microelectrode array at the bottom. Under the balance of gravitational and dielectrophoretic levitation forces, cells introduced into the device are positioned at different equilibrium heights in a velocity profile established inside the chamber, and thereby transported at different velocities by the fluid. Simultaneously, cells are subjected to a horizontal travelling-wave dielectrophoretic force that deflects them across the flow stream. The 2-dimensional dielectrophoretic forces acting on cells and the associated velocities in the fluid-flow and travelling-field directions depend sensitively on cell dielectric properties. The responses of cultured MDA-435 human breast cancer, HL-60 human leukemia and DS19 murine erythroleukemia cells, and of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMN) cells were studied as functions of the frequency and voltage of the applied electric signals, and of the fluid flow rate. Significant differences were observed between the responses of different cell types. Cell separation was demonstrated by the differential redistribution of MDA-435 and PBMN cells as they flowed through the device. The device can be readily integrated with other microfluidic components for microscale sample preparation and analysis.     

Biocompatibility of a new cell separator studied by flow cytometry: analyses of platelet antigens during apheresis and storage

BACKGROUND: Alterations of platelet antigens are known to occur during cytapheresis and storage. These changes have been shown to be dependent on the biomaterials, techniques, and devices used. In this study, the influence of a new cell separator (AMICUS) and storage container (PL-2410) on platelet glycoproteins was analyzed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: During plateletpheresis and storage, the levels of platelet glycoproteins and binding of fibrinogen were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: During apheresis, mean channel fluorescence intensity of CD41 a did not change significantly (p = 0.06). A small increase was evident in CD42b mean channel fluorescence intensity, which rose from a baseline level of 178.6 +/- 68.3 to 231.5 +/- 97.9 at the end of the procedure (p<0.05); in CD62p-positive platelets, which increased from 2.0 +/- 0.9 percent to 9.9 +/- 3.9 percent (p<0.05); in CD63-positive platelets, which increased from 1.7 +/- 0.7 percent to 7.9 +/- 2.6 percent (p<0.05); and in the binding of fibrinogen, which increased from 1.9 +/- 0.8 percent positive platelets to 10.5 +/- 2.6 percent (p<0.05). During storage, the mean channel fluorescence intensity of CD41a and CD42b, the percentage of CD62p- and CD63-positive platelets, and the binding of fibrinogen to platelets showed no significant change. CONCLUSION: These studies show that alterations in platelet antigens and platelet activation occur to a small degree during apheresis and storage. These findings demonstrate generally good biocompatibility of this new cell separator.     

超声波治疗脑梗塞偏瘫的疗效观察

目的　观察超声波治疗脑梗塞偏瘫患者的疗效。方法　８９ 例脑梗塞偏瘫患者用超声波治疗，超声频率０ ．８ ＭＨｚ，剂量０ ．７５ ～１ ．２５ Ｗ／ｃｍ ，每日１ 次，每次２０ 分钟，１ 个疗程１０ 天。在超声波治疗前后，患者偏瘫肢体功能评测采用神经功能缺损积分减少的百分比评定。结果　超声波治疗组总有效率９３ ．３ ％ ，对照组７３ ．２ ％ ，差异有显著意义（Ｐ 值＜ ０ ．０１） 。结论　用超声波治疗脑梗塞偏瘫疗效好，无痛苦，患者乐于接受，值得临床推广应用。     

Continuous wave Doppler umbilical artery blood flow velocity wave forms in drug addicted mothers

Summary Continuous wave Doppler umbilical artery blood flow velocity wave form is presented in 14 drug addicted mothers between 22–40 weeks of gestational age from New York City. The mean S/D ratio ranged from 2.36 to 4.30. Doppler study of the fetal umbilical artery could be a valuable addition for assessment of fetal well being in drug addicted mothers.     

Anatomical interconnections of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi in the cat

The Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) is a mesopontine structure containing predominantly cholinergic neurons, and physiological data indicate its neurons transfer eye-movement gated ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves to thalamus during the rapid eye movement phase of sleep. The present study, using anterograde and retrograde tracing of wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase, found that the medullary nucleus Prepositus hypoglossi (PH), whose neurons are known to have eye-movement-related information, projects densely to PPT, and PPT has reciprocal projections to PH. The PH-PPT projection has some topographic organization, with rostral PH to rostral PPT and caudal PH to caudal PPT projections dominating. The PH-PPT projection may furnish the anatomical substrate for input of eye movement-related information into the rostral PGO wave system.     

益肾排石中药保护高能冲击波致肾损伤的实验研究

目的：探讨益肾排石中药对高能冲击波致肾损伤的保护作用。方法：将家兔30只随机分为两组，中药组和生理盐水对照组各15只，于高能冲击波致兔肾损伤模型，测定不同时间血浆，肾组织浆浆内皮素（ET－1），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）变化及肾组织病理改变。结果：冲击波肾损伤后血浆中ET－1、血清中MDA值及组织均浆中ET－1、MDA值显著升高（P＜0．05），血浆及组织匀浆中SOD显著降低（P＜0．05）；而中药治疗组血浆中ET－1、MDA及组织均浆中ET－1、MDA峰值显著低于对照组（P＜0．05），血浆及组织匀浆中SOD值高于对照组（P＜0．05），且病理检查较对照组损伤轻。结论：益肾排石中药对高能冲击波致肾损伤具有保护作用。