腹腔镜探查在单侧腹股沟疝患儿LPEC术中的应用及对对侧异时性疝的预防价值*

目的探讨腹腔镜探查在经皮腹膜外疝囊高位结扎术(LPEC)中的应用效果及对对侧异时性疝(MCH)的预防价值。方法回顾性分析300例行开放疝囊修补术(对照组)、200例行LPEC治疗(观察组)的单侧腹股沟疝患儿,其中观察组术中通过腹腔镜探查对侧腹股沟情况,若有对侧鞘状突未闭(CPPV),则给予结扎处理,对照组术中未探查。比较各组手术指标、术后并发症及MCH发生率,并分析MCH发生率与CPPV、年龄的关系。结果术后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、术后开始下床活动时间及住院时间方面,观察组均明显优于对照组(P0.05);手术时间、术后并发症总发生率方面两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后MCH发生率1.00%,明显低于对照组的4.67%(P0.05);观察组术中发现CPPV 72例,CPPV发生率36.00%,其发生率与观察组患儿年龄相关(P0.05);MCH/CPPV风险率比(RR)=0.03,1/RR≈33;所有患儿中2.0~4.0岁者(不包括2.0岁)MCH占43.75%,0.5~2.0岁占31.25%。结论腹腔镜下LPEC相比开放疝囊修补术治疗单侧腹股沟疝具有术后疼痛轻、恢复快特点,能明显降低MCH发生率;腹腔镜探查能准确发现CPPV,结扎处理虽能减少MCH发生,但会过度医疗。     

Pre-surgical peripheral blood inflammation markers predict surgical site infection following mesh repair of groin hernia

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a costly postoperative complication with a decrease in the quality of life. We aimed to probe the predictive role of peripheral blood inflammation markers for SSI following mesh repair of groin hernia (GH).This retrospective study assessed the data of 1177 patients undergoing elective mesh repair of GH (open/laparoscopy) in the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis. The relation between demographics, surgical factors, pre-surgical laboratory results and the occurrence of SSI were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the optimal threshold of parameters and compare their veracity.The overall SSI rate was 3.2% with 1-year follow-up (38 superficial and 1 deep SSI). Patients with SSI had significant higher pre-surgical neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than those without (P = .029 and P = .045, respectively); their NLR and PLR correlated positively with postoperative total days of antibiotic treatment for SSI (r = .689, P = .000; r = .493, P = .001; respectively). NLR and PLR had larger areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves than neutrophil (.875 vs. .601; P = .000; .726 vs. .601; P = .017). The combination of PLR and neutrophil/NLR raised the predictive sensitivity of PLR for SSI (sensitivity: PLR: 74.36%; PLR + neutrophil: 82.05%; PLR + NLR: 83.57%). On multivariate analyses, higher preoperative NLR (cut-off 2.44) and PLR (cut-off 125.42) were independent predictors for SSI.Higher pre-surgical NLR and PLR may be valuable predictors for SSI following elective mesh repair of GH.     

Primary inguinal subcutaneous endometriosis accompanied with an inguinal hernia: A case report

Rationale:We report a case with inguinal subcutaneous endometriosis without typical cyclic dysmenorrhea and accompanied with a hernia sac treated with resection of the tumor and herniorrhaphy.Patient concerns:A 40-year-old woman had a painless enlarged inguinal nodule for 3 months.Diagnoses:Subcutaneous endometriosis accompanied with a hernia sac.Interventions:Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic lesion (3.0 cm × 2.0 cm), and an inguinal subcutaneous tumor was first suspected. After surgical exploration, a cystic lesion was excised and the hernia hole was repaired by herniorrhaphy. The immunohistochemical analysis of the small endometriotic cyst-like lesion revealed calretinin (-) in epithelial cells and CD10 (+) in stromal cells, indicative of subcutaneous endometriosis accompanied with a hernia sac.Outcomes:The patient was followed up for 1 year and without recurrence.Lessons:Cutaneous endometriosis accompanied with a hernia sac can be presented without typical endometriosis-associated symptoms such as dysmenorrhea. Inguinal endometriosis might be the differential diagnosis of inguinal painless nodules.     

腹腔镜下经腹膜前疝修补术治疗腹股沟复发疝58例临床体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜下经腹膜前无张力疝修补术(TAPP)治疗腹股沟复发疝58例的临床经验及效果。方法回顾分析2011年3月~2013年1月我院58例腹股沟复发疝患者行腹腔镜TAPP的临床资料,其中原位复发疝12例,再发疝46例。结果57例顺利完成手术,1例中转开放手术。手术时间平均(60.5±17.5)min,平均住院(4.56±1.6)d。5例术后腹股沟区轻微疼痛不适;6例血清肿,3例自行吸收,3例经多次穿刺抽液后治愈。无切口感染及其他严重并发症发生。术后随访6~18个月,无再次复发。结论腹腔镜TAPP治疗腹股沟复发疝具有患者创伤小、并发症少等优势,手术效果切实、可靠。     

腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎术治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝

目的：探讨腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝的效果及临床价值。方法选择本院2010年4月至2013年8月收治的167例小儿腹股沟巨大疝患儿作为观察对象;其中2010年4月至2012年1月收治的72例实施腹腔镜下内环口双重结扎术（为 A 组）;2012年2月至2013年8月收治的95例实施腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎术（为 B 组）;比较两组患儿术后并发症及随访复发情况。结果两组均顺利完成手术,在术后伤口出血、切口感染、线结反应等方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）;经术后1～3年随访,A 组有 5例复发,B 组无一例复发,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论腹腔镜双荷包加缝脐内侧襞内环口高位结扎治疗小儿腹股沟巨大疝可减少术后复发,提高治愈率。     

Case report of perineal hernia after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection

Perineal hernia (PH) is a rare complication following laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer. We present a case report of perineal hernia after laparoscopic APR and discuss its management. The patient was a 77‐year‐old man who was diagnosed with lower rectal cancer. He underwent laparoscopic APR and bilateral lateral lymph node dissection. Two months after the surgery, pain and bulging in the perineal region developed, and PH was diagnosed by CT. Repair with a polypropylene mesh was performed using a combination of laparoscopic abdominal and transperineal approaches. Reportedly, the incidence of secondary PH after APR has increased along with the rate of laparoscopic surgery. Treatment of secondary PH with transperineal repair alone may cause injuries to other organs because of adhesion of the pelvic viscera. In the present case, we safely repaired the hernia repair using a laparoscopy‐assisted perineal approach.     

Two cases of early recurrence after transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair

We performed transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair in 46 patients (58 diseases), two of whom experienced early recurrence after mesh repair. Case 1 was a 76‐year‐old man with a bilateral inguinal hernia (recurrence site, left indirect hernia) after appendectomy. The recurrence occurred 1 month after transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. The mesh was dislocated to the lateral side, and we repaired it using the direct Kugel ® patch with an anterior technique. Case 2 was a 79‐year‐old man with a bilateral inguinal hernia (recurrence site, right direct hernia with an orifice >3 cm) after appendectomy. The recurrence occurred 3 months after transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. The mesh was dislocated to the lateral side, and we repaired it using an ULTRAPRO ® Plug with an anterior technique under laparoscopic observation. We believe the recurrences resulted from insufficient internal exfoliation and fixation affected by complicated exfoliation of the preperitoneal space with omental adhesion after intraperitoneal surgery.     

轻比重布比卡因单侧腰部麻醉在老年单侧腹股沟疝手术中的研究

目的 探讨轻比重布比卡因单侧腰部麻醉(简称腰麻)在老年单侧腹股沟疝手术中的临床研究.方法 选择40例择期行单侧腹股沟疝手术的老年患者,分为2组,对照组(Ⅰ组)为常规双侧腰麻,试验组(Ⅱ组)为单侧腰麻,记录2组给药前后各时段血压、心率、脉搏氧饱和度、起效时间、麻醉平面维持时间,术中低血压、心动过缓,术后不良反应情况,分剐评定麻醉效果.结果 2组患者麻醉效果满意,均顺利完成手术,但Ⅰ组低血压、心动过缓发生例数明显多于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05);2组患者麻醉前、牵拉疝囊时血压心率变化(牵拉反应)差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);麻醉平面固定后Ⅰ组平均动脉血压、心率变化与Ⅱ组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),Ⅰ组术后恶心呕吐和尿潴留的发生率要高于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05).结论 轻比重布比卡因单侧腰麻应用于老年腹股沟疝手术,麻醉药用量小、效果好、并发症少,对生命体征影响小.     

CT评价腹股沟疝患者肌肉质量方法的前瞻性研究

目的　应用CT技术评价老年腹股沟疝患者的肌肉质量。方法　拟接受腹股沟疝手术、年龄在70~90岁的男性住院患者30例为研究对象,40~50岁10名男性健康受试者为成人对照组,10名同年龄段接受健康查体老年人为老年对照组,记录一般资料,应用CT技术扫描腹部和大腿,通过专用软件计算相应肌肉面积。结果　研究组握力（36.44±14.15）kg明显少于成人对照组（77.30±22.69）kg （P=0.001）,研究组小腿围（25.18±2.31）cm 明显少于成人对照组（27.62±2.33）cm （P=0.006）。CT扫描显示研究组与成人对照组L3（第3腰椎）平面腹部面积、皮下脂肪面积、腹腔脂肪面积和竖脊肌总面积相近,研究组腹部肌肉面积（12 094.23±1 970.30）mm2和竖脊肌肌肉面积（1 642.60±266.90）mm2明显少于成人对照组的（17 462.00±1 600.58）mm2和（2 003.50±350.91）mm2（P=0.001, P=0.007）。L3骨骼肌指数为50.64±7.52,存在肌肉减少症（≤52.4）为66.7 %（20/30）。与同年龄正常查体老人腹部肌肉CT结果相似。研究组下肢骨骼肌面积明显少于成人对照组（P=0.001）,下肢脂肪和股骨面积两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论　老年腹股沟疝患者肌肉质量和力量明显低于成人对照组,CT技术可作为评价工具。     

无张力疝修补术后慢性疼痛的原因及防治

目的：探讨腹股沟疝无张力修补术后慢性疼痛的原因及防治。方法：选取131例腹股沟疝患者行无张力疝修补术,分析其术后疼痛原因及防治方法。结果：随访时间3～12个月,术后出现3个月以上局部慢性疼痛不能缓解并需进一步治疗的患者8例,发生率为6.1%。结论：开放性无张力疝修补术中熟练的手术操作、部分可吸收材料的应用、材料使用个体化等可以减少术后慢性疼痛的发生,提高患者术后的生活质量。