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91.
V. Umansky V. Schirrmacher M. Rocha 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1996,74(7):353-363
The metastatic process is characterized by a complex series of sequential steps involving constant interactions (mutual cross-talks) of metastasized tumor cells with their microenvironment (lymphocyte, macrophages, endothelial cells, etc.) in target organs. These interactions determine the outcome of metastasis (either the eradication of metastatic cells or their increased proliferation and invasion). Recently developed methods of tumor and host cell analysis at the molecular level allow better elucidation of molecular mechanisms of metastasis and of immune mechanisms involved in antitumor responses. Direct modulation of these processes will probably increase the success of clinical cancer treatment. Here we review data (a) on the expression of some costimulatory (MHC class II, CD80, sialoadhesin) and adhesion (LFA1, ICAM-1, VLA-4) molecules on both metastasized tumor cells and host cells and (b) on the production of a cytotoxic molecule, nitric oxide, by in situ activated Kupffer and endothelial cells in the process of liver metastasis. This study was performed with well-characterized murine ESbL T lymphoma cells transduced with the bacterial lacZ gene, which allows detection and quantification of metastases at the single cell level throughout lymphoma growth and metastasis. Experimental results are discussed in the context of recent literature.Abbreviations
APC
Antigen-presenting cells
-
hCRP
Human C-reactive protein
-
ICAM
Intercellular adhesion molecule
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IFN
Interferon
-
IL
Interleukin
-
iNOS
Inducible NO synthase
-
LFA
Leukocyte function associated antigen
-
SER
Sheep erythrocyte receptor
-
TA
Tumor-associated rejection antigens
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TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
-
VCAM
Vascular cell adhesion molecule
-
VLA
Very late activated antigen 相似文献
92.
TL1A是肿瘤坏死因子超家族的一个新亚群。通过与受体DR3和DcR3/TR6的结合,既可诱导细胞凋亡,也能活化NF-ΚB。在淋巴细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞的活化和增殖,炎症反应的调节、机体的免疫应答以及动脉粥样硬化、炎症性肠病等疾病的发生、发展中起重要作用。 相似文献
93.
Karel Geboes Gert De Hertogh Marie-Astrid Van Caillie Peter Van Eyken 《Current Diagnostic Pathology》2007,13(6):479-489
Gastrointestinal polyps are common lesions that usually present singly or in small numbers. Although the term ‘multiple colorectal polyposis’ was originally applied to patients carrying at least 100 large intestinal adenomas, it has subsequently become broadened to include patients carrying multiple polyps regardless of their nature. Most of the non-adenomatous polyposis syndromes are hereditary. They can be classified according to the dominant type of polyp, their distribution in the gastrointestinal tract and their potential for the development of gastrointestinal cancers. This review summarises their main clinical, genetic and histopathological features. 相似文献
94.
R. H. Ming D. Atluru C. W. Spellman T. Imir J. S. Goodwin R. G. Strickland 《Journal of clinical immunology》1987,7(1):59-63
The interleukin-2 pathway is essential for the normal immune response to antigen stimulation; we have examined the possibility that this may underlie abnormal peripheral blood lymphocyte immunoregulatory function that has been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We studied 11 patients with Crohn's disease and 5 with ulcerative colitis, all with quiescent disease activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these patients and from healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Interleukin-2 production after mitogen and phorbol-myristate acetate stimulation was similar in both groups: 381±71 (mean ± SE) U/ml by control cells and 451±70 by patient cells. Interleukin-2 receptor generation was also measured pre- and poststimulation by labeling with anti-Tac antibody. This was 10.45±1 and 69.95±3.85% for control cells and 11.41±1.38 and 60.9±4.25% for patients cells. Finally, we examined the response of these cells to interleukin-2 stimulation by generating cells with direct cytotoxicity to51Cr-labeled Daudi-cell targets. Control cells caused 59.5±46%51Cr release, whereas patient cells caused 50.8±5.18% release. None of the above results achieved statistical significance. We conclude that the peripheral blood interleukin-2 pathway is normal in inactive inflammatory bowel disease. 相似文献
95.
单细胞转录组测序是指对单个细胞的全部RNA进行逆转录、扩增和测序,再进行生物信息学分析的技术。自2009年Tang等基于高通量测序平台开始单细胞转录组测序之后,该技术发展突飞猛进。由于该技术能在单细胞水平诠释细胞的异质性,因此已广泛应用于生命科学各领域尤其是肿瘤等疾病研究。本文将主要综述单细胞转录组测序技术流程和技术发展,及其在肿瘤异质性、肿瘤转移、肿瘤微环境、肿瘤药物等研究中的应用进展。 相似文献
96.
97.
Anna M. Malkova Anna R. Gubal Anastasia L. Petrova Elena Voronov Ron N. Apte Konstantin N. Semenov Vladimir V. Sharoyko 《Immunology》2023,168(2):203-216
In recent years, pro-oncogenic mechanisms of the tumour microenvironment (ТМЕ) have been actively discussed. One of the main cytokines of the TМЕ is interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which exhibits proinflammatory properties. Some studies have shown an association between an increase in IL-1β levels and tumour progression. The purpose of this review is to analyse the pathogenic mechanisms induced by IL-1β in the TМЕ, as well as the diagnostic significance of the presence of IL-1β in patients with cancer and the efficacy of treatment with IL-1β inhibitors. According to the literature, IL-1β can induce an increase in tumour angiogenesis due to its effects on the differentiation of epithelial cells, pro-angiogenic molecule secretion and expression of adhesion molecules, thus increasing tumour growth and metastasis. IL-1β is also involved in the suppression of anti-tumour immune responses. The expression and secretion of IL-1β has been noted in various types of tumours. In some clinical studies, an elevated level of IL-1β was found to be associated with low efficacy of anti-cancer therapy and a poor prognosis. In most experimental and clinical studies, the use of IL-1β inhibitors contributed to a decrease in tumour mass and an increase in the response to anti-tumour drugs. 相似文献
98.
Habib Sadeghirad Tayyeb Bahrami Sepideh M. Layeghi Hassan Yousefi Meysam Rezaei Seyed R. Hosseini-Fard Payar Radfar Majid E. Warkiani Ken O'Byrne Arutha Kulasinghe 《Immunology》2023,168(2):256-272
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and has a 5-year survival rate of ~20%. Immunotherapies have shown promising results leading to durable responses, however, they are only effective for a subset of patients. To determine the best therapeutic approach, a thorough and in-depth profiling of the tumour microenvironment (TME) is required. The TME is a complex network of cell types that form an interconnected network, promoting tumour cell initiation, growth and dissemination. The stroma, immune cells and endothelial cells that comprise the TME generate a plethora of cytotoxic or cytoprotective signalling pathways. In this review, we discuss immunotherapeutic targets in NSCLC tumours and how the TME may influence patients' response to immunotherapy. 相似文献
99.
The goal of cancer immunotherapy is to clear tumor cells by activating antitumor immunity, especially by mobilizing tumor-reactive CD8+T cells. Pyroptosis, programmed lytic cell death mediated by gasdermin (GSDM), results in the release of cellular antigens, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and cytokines. Therefore, pyroptotic tumor cell-derived tumor antigens and DAMPs not only reverse immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) but also enhance tumor antigen presentation by dendritic cells, leading to robust antitumor immunity. Exploring nanoparticles and other approaches to spatiotemporally control tumor pyroptosis by regulating gasdermin expression and activation is promising for next-generation immunotherapy. 相似文献
100.
目的研究溃疡性结肠炎患者的炎性因子水平、肠道菌群分布及发病相关危险因素,为溃疡性结肠炎的防治工作提供科学依据。方法以2020年6月至2021年5月在文昌市某医院就诊的溃疡性结肠炎患者作为病例组,同时选取(按年龄相差0.5岁,性别相同招揽志愿者参与本研究)同期在该医院进行健康体检者作为对照组。所有研究对象进行问卷调查、肠道菌群检测及炎症因子检测,采用描述性分析方法对2组相关指标进行比较,并对溃疡性结肠炎发病影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果共纳入溃疡性结肠炎病例(病例组)和健康体检者(对照组)各200例,男性各99例,女性各101例,病例组平均年龄(43.17±8.72)岁,对照组平均年龄(43.54±9.11)岁,2组的年龄、性别分布差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。病例组主要检出的双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量低于对照组,拟杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌、梭杆菌数量高于对照组(均P<0.01)。病例组除白细胞介素(IL)-4水平低于对照组,IL-6、IL-17、IL-23以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)均高于对照组(均P<0.01)。饮酒(OR=3.526)、吸烟(OR=1.272)、饮食不洁(OR=4.592)、存在合并感染(OR=2.146)、情绪紧张(OR=3.919)均为溃疡性结肠炎发病的危险因素。结论溃疡性结肠炎患者肠道菌群种类、数量分布不平衡,血清炎症因子水平明显上升。良好的生活行为习惯以及积极地健康教育可降低溃疡性结肠炎的发生风险。 相似文献