Blood flow and metabolic microenvironment of brain tumors

Conclusions Summarizing thesein vivo data in the context of brain tumor therapy, the following aspects are of particular importance: Low and heterogeneous tumor blood flow may — in addition to the limiting effects of the blood-brain barrier — result in compromised delivery of drugs from blood to the tissue. Low tumor pO₂ reduces sensitivity to standard radiation and O₂-dependent anticancer drugs. Treatment efficacy may be further altered by changes of tumor pH. Particularly acidosis can decrease radiation sensitivity and modulate the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. In the following presentations, these aspects will be discussed regardingin vivo data obtained with positron emission tomography.     

Sequestration of type VI collagen in the pericellular microenvironment of adult chrondrocytes cultured in agarose

The chondron represents the chondrocyte and its pericellular microenvironment and plays an important role in the progression of osteoarthritis. Type VI collagen is preferentially localized in the pericellular microenvironment of adult articular cartilage and increases during osteoarthritis. In this study, we characterized the pericellular sequestration of type VI collagen in long-term chondrocyte-agarose cultures, and assessed the action of interleukin-1 on type VI collagen deposition and assembly. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis showed that cultured chondrocytes initiate type VI collagen sequestration immediately upon plating and continue pericellular matrix sequestration in a time dependent manner. Confocal microscopy confirmed the cell surface localization and pericellular accumulation of type VI collagen, while image analysis identified a 'cargo-net like' organization of type VI collagen around each chondrocyte. Quantitative analysis revealed a primary phase of rapid cell division and low levels of type VI collagen sequestration, followed by a secondary phase of relative growth stability and high levels of type VI collagen deposition. Interleukin-1 treated cultures showed increased sequestration and retention of type VI collagen in an expanded microenvironment surrounding the chondrocytes. The data suggests a role for type VI collagen in the differentiation of the pericellular microenvironment in vitro. The increased type VI collagen sequestration promoted by interleukin-1 was consistent with previous studies on osteoarthritic cartilage, and implies a functional role for type VI collagen in the chondron remodeling associated with cartilage degradation.     

局部炎症反应与无细胞异种真皮基质移植物的降解吸收关系

目的 探讨不同方法制作的无细胞异种真皮基质(Xeno-ADM)移植物降解吸收与炎症反应之间的关系。方法 猪和兔断层中厚皮片经Trypsin和TritonX-100等脱细胞,分别制成Xe-no-ADM和异体ADM(Allo-ADM),再按不同的预处理因素进行分组:(1)戊二醛交联的Xeno-ADM(A)组;(2)网状交联的Xeno-ADM(B)组;(3)未交联的:Xeno-ADM(C)组,预先被Xeno-ADM蛋白致敏的兔皮下植入;(4)交联的Xeno-ADM(D)组;(5)Allo-ADM(E)组。每组80块ADM分别埋植于兔耳和背部皮下。结果在背部的移植物较耳部炎性反应和降解吸收明显,至术后32wk时,E组以外的其它组移植物解剖学和组织学结构消失,D组和A组炎症反应滞后,可见较多的异物巨细胞,各组ADM炎症反应与降解/吸收的程度依次为:C>B>D>A>E(P相似文献   

炎症型恶性纤维组织细胞瘤

目的:探讨炎症型恶性纤维组织细胞瘤的临床病理特点以及治疗、预后.方法:分析3例炎症型恶性纤维组织细胞瘤病例,并结合国外文献资料进行分析.结果:发热、白细胞计数显著升高等类白血病样表现及肿块为炎症型恶性纤维组织细胞瘤的常见症状.手术是有效的治疗方法,化疗效果差.结论:炎症型恶性纤维组织细胞瘤是极罕见的高度恶性软组织肉瘤,早发现、早治疗是提高其治愈率、延长生存时间的关键.     

针刺对胃癌术后早期肠内营养患者免疫功能的影响

目的 :研究胃癌根治术后行早期肠内营养患者配合相关耳—体穴针刺对机体免疫功能的影响。方法 :3 2例胃癌根治术患者均予等氮、等热量早期肠内营养 8天 (能全力 ,Nutricia提供 ) ,随机分为 2组 ,研究组 (n=16)同时配合相关耳—体穴针刺。两组患者手术前后均定期监测肝功能各项指标、外周血 T细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白、急性炎性反应指标及胃肠道功能恢复时间、并发症发生情况。结果 :两组均无手术并发症及营养支持代谢并发症发生。手术前后 AST、ACT、TBIL、AKP均无升高 ;与术前 (POD0 )比较 ,术后第 1天 (POD1)两组血浆白蛋白均明显下降 (P<0 .0 1) ,外周血 T细胞亚群CD4、CD4/ CD8及血浆球蛋白 Ig G、Ig M、Ig A均明显下降 (P<0 .0 1及 P<0 .0 5) ,而血浆急性炎性反应指标 (IL-6、PGE2 )均显著升高 (P<0 .0 1) ;至 POD8两组血浆白蛋白、外周血 T细胞亚群 CD4、CD4/CD8及血浆球蛋白 Ig G均有提高 ,与对照组比较 ,研究组升高更明显 (P<0 .0 5) ,而急性炎性反应指标 (IL-6、PGE2 )均有所下降 ,研究组下降更明显 (P<0 .0 5) ,同时 ,研究组肠功能恢复较快 ,对早期肠内喂养耐受性好。结论 :对胃癌根治术后行早期肠内喂养的患者予配合相关耳—体穴针刺 ,可有效地刺激机体免疫功能 ,缓解过度的急性炎性反应 ,促进     

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung in a child

We describe a 12-year-old patient with a primary pulmonary mass in the left upper lung. The diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumour was suspected preoperatively. After pathological examination and complete clinical evaluation, a diagnosis of malignant primary pulmonary fibrous histiocytoma was established. This is a very uncommon primary neoplasm of the lung and to our knoweledge only five paediatric cases have been reported. Because of the rarity of these sarcomas and histological similarities to benign inflammatory pseudotumour, care must be taken to avoid confusion between the two disorders particularly in intra-operative frozen sections. Conclusion Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung is an uncommon tumour that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasms of childhood. The histological diagnosis can be difficult due to the similarities with␣inflammatory pseudotumour. Received: 29 May 1996 / Accepted: 21 July 1996     

A possible role for nerve growth factor in the augmentation of sodium channels in models of chronic pain

Inflammation induces an upregulation of sodium channels in sensory neurons. This most likely occurs as a result of the retrograde transport of cytochemical mediators released during the inflammatory response. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the subcutaneous administration of one such mediator, nerve growth factor (NGF), on the production of sodium channels in neurons of the rat dorsal root ganglion. For this, hindpaw withdrawal from either a thermal or mechanical stimulus was measured in rats at selected intervals for up to 2 weeks following injections of NGF. Sodium channel augmentation was then examined in dorsal root ganglia using site-specific, anti-sodium channel antibodies. Both thermal and mechanical allodynia was observed between 3 and 12 h post-injection. The hyperalgesic response returned to baseline by approximately 24 h post-injection. Sodium channel labeling was found to increase dramatically in the small neurons of the associated dorsal root ganglia beginning at 23 h, reached maximum intensity by 1 week, and persisted for up to 3 months post-injection. Pre-blocking NGF with anti-NGF prevented the NGF-induced decrease in paw withdrawal latencies and significantly reduced the intensity of sodium channel labeling. The results indicate that NGF is an important mediator both in the development of acute hyperalgesia and in the stimulation of sodium channel production in dorsal root ganglia during inflammation.     

武汉市603例炎症性肠病并发症的临床调查

目的:分析武汉市炎症性肠病(IBD)并发症的临床特点,探讨其与病变程度、范围及治疗方式的关系。方法:回顾性收集1990-2005年武汉市5家医院经结肠镜及病理诊断为IBD病例共603例,其中溃疡性结肠炎(UC)521例,克罗恩病(CD)82例,分别观察各种并发症的发生频率及并发症与其他因素的关系。UC与CD间的差异及相关分析用χ2检验。结果:521例UC中,并发症34例(6.5%),82例CD中,并发症40例(48.8%)。重度UC和全结肠炎患者中并发症的发生率显著高于非重度和远端结肠炎患者(分别25.8%比3.9%,12.8%比4.9%,P<0.01)。有并发症的CD患者的手术史发生率显著高于无并发症患者(57.5%比14.3%,P<0.01),但CD病变范围与并发症的发生无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:CD并发症的发生率高于UC。UC的并发症与疾病病变程度和范围有关,而CD与手术方式有关。     

常通口服液对炎症因子参与大鼠肠粘连的影响

目的:观察常通口服液对术后粘连大鼠血液中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1),白细胞介素-1β、4、6、10(IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10)水平的影响.方法:选用SD雄性大鼠,随机分为6组:正常对照组、模型对照组、四磨汤组及常通口服液低、中、高剂量组.除正常对照组外,其余大鼠均制备成肠粘连模型.各组于术后第7天取血,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定细胞因子水平;同时用肉眼观察法进行粘连程度肉眼分级.结果:常通口服液能显著减轻模型大鼠的肠粘连程度,降低术后肠粘连大鼠血清中致炎细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、TGF-β1、IL-6水平.但对抗炎细胞因子IL-4、IL-10水平无影响.结论:本实验为术后粘连临床疗效评价指标筛选提供了实验依据.     

谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养对炎症性肠病幼鼠模型结肠黏膜细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的 探讨谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养对炎症性肠病（IBD）幼鼠模型肠黏膜细胞凋亡的调控及促进黏膜愈合的作用。方法 将80只4~5周龄Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠随机分为空白对照组、IBD模型组、短肽组和短肽+谷氨酰胺（Gln）组,每组20只。采用一次性结肠灌注三硝基苯磺酸建立IBD模型,造模3 d后,短肽组给予短肽制剂（100 mL/kg）,短肽+Gln组给予短肽制剂（100 mL/kg）+Gln（0.5 g/kg）,干预1周。实验结束后观察幼鼠的一般情况,并留取肠黏膜,苏木素-伊红（HE）染色观察肠黏膜组织病理情况;RTPCR法检测肠黏膜凋亡调控基因（bax、bcl-2）及凋亡信号转导因子（Caspase-3、Caspase-9）的表达;Westernblot法检测结肠黏膜IGF-1表达水平。结果 IBD模型组一般情况均较其他组差,短肽+Gln组一般情况优于IBD模型组和短肽组。模型组bax mRNA表达水平高于空白对照组、短肽组和短肽+Gln组（P < 0.05）;bcl-2、Caspase-3、Caspase-9 mRNA水平在各组比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。短肽组IGF-1水平明显高于短肽+Gln组、空白对照组及IBD模型组（P < 0.05）。结论 Gln强化肠内营养能有效改善IBD模型幼鼠的一般营养状况,但在抑制结肠黏膜细胞凋亡及刺激结肠黏膜IGF-1合成方面并未优于专一肠内营养。