应用镇静药物的ICU病人在胸部物理治疗期间视觉诱发电位的变化

目的：通过视觉诱发电位（ＶＥＰ）方法，来测定镇静深度的可行性。方法：７例应用镇静药和肌松药的ＩＣＵ病人在进行胸部物理治疗期间视觉诱发电位和血流动力学变化进行了测定。结果：在胸部物理治疗过程中，ＶＥＰ图形中Ｐ６０、Ｎ７５、Ｐ１００和Ｎ１２５的时限明显缩短（Ｐ＜０．０５）），如上各点的振幅及平均动脉压虽有上升的趋势，脉搏亦有增快的趋势，但无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５））。结论：ＶＥＰ能够反映镇静病人在行胸部物理治疗期间其中枢神经系统的变化情况，可作为一种监测镇静深度的客观指标。     

Flat chest in survivors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Pulmonary mechanics as well as chest wall width and depth were measured in 52 1-year-old survivors of newborn lung disease. Of the 52 patients examined, 22 had developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Chest wall depth was significantly less in the patients who survived with development of BPD compared with those who did not develop BPD. Pulmonary resistance and chest wall width-to-depth ratio were significantly increased in the patients with BPD. Because the chest wall of infants is highly compliant, we suggest that the flatter chest in patients with BPD could result from the abnormal pulmonary mechanics. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1994;18:104–107. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Corticosteroid therapy and periodontal disease

Abstract In the present investigation, the frequency and severity of periodontal disease was assessed in a group of patients with multiple sclerosis receiving corticosteroid hormone therapy for neurological disease. Age-matched patients with multiple sclerosis but without hormone therapy as well as healthy subjects served as controls. Individuals suffering from multiple sclerosis or polyneuropathies were selected from a pool of patients who were under treatment at the Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Kuopio, Finland. 27 individuals were identified who had received more than 1.5 g prednisonc over a 1–4 year period. The average amount of steroid given to these patients was 3.5 g. 26 individuals also suffering from neurologic disease had received no or only negligable amounts of hormone therapy and were used as diseased controls. Another control group comprised age- and sex-matched healthy individuals from the city of Kuopio. The dental examination which was performed by one dentist comprised assessments of the following parameters: oral hygiene status, gingival conditions, probing depth, gingival recession and height of the alveolar bone. The findings clearly demonstrated that patients with neurological disease who received corticosteroid therapy had the same frequency of gingivitis as non-treated diseased controls. Furthermore, data describing probing depth, gingival recession and height of the alveolar bone revealed that there was no difference regarding the frequency and severity of periodontal disease between the 2 groups of neurological diseased patients. It was concluded that corticosteroid therapy maintained over 1-4 years had no obvious influence on clinical parameters of periodontal disease in patients suffering from neurological disease.     

High-frequency ultrasound measurement of patch test reactions

53 patients who produced 34 positive patch test reactions (+/- 15, +10, ++4, +++5) had their reactions read by a high-frequency pulsed ultrasonic (A-scan) dermal depth detector with a resolution of 0.05 mm. The positive reactions were compared with both random and regional controls. The machine could not differentiate between + or +/- reactions from the control readings. However, for 75% of ++ cases and 80% of +++ cases, a significant change was confirmed by the detector. It is concluded that the high-frequency ultrasound method is of little use in confirming or quantifying of positive patch test results.     

焦深对球面屈光不正影响的研究

根据光学理论导出焦深与眼的瞳孔大小和眼的等效屈光力之间的关系式，利用模型眼的数据证明了焦深对球面屈光不正的影响，从而阐明了使用针孔镜的原理。     

视觉对深度方向运动的检测

研究了单眼性与双眼性的深度方向运动的视觉检测机制。视觉系统中存在对税平面内相对运动敏感的神经基元。在单眼视觉时，一类敏感于物体网膜象对边速度之差VL-VR的基元，检测深度运动的速度；另一类对速度之比VL／VR敏感的基元，检测深度运动的方向。在双眼视觉时,深度运动速度的检测由一类对左右眼网膜象速度之差Vz－VY敏感的基元实现；另一类对速度之比VZ／VY敏感的基元，则检测深度运动的方向。本实验揭示了这些基元的数学描述和响应特性，对深度运动的速度与方向检测作出全面解释，指出单限与双眼深度运动检测机制的统一性，初步探讨了该机制的生理学基础。     

Effect of topical application of citric acid in the treatment of furcation involvement in human lower molars

Abstract Improvement of new attachment procedures using topically applied citric acid was tested in human beings. Furcation involvement and the adjacent proximal area were surgically exposed. Saline was used as placebo drug. Baseline pocket depth and attachment levels were scored prior to surgery and bone level recorded at the time of surgery. After 1, 3 and 6 months, the clinical parameters were re-scored and at that time, a re-entry operation allowed a new measurement of the bone level. In the post-operative experimental periods, there was an improvement of all clinical parameters in both the control and experimental groups. Pocket depth reduction was consistent; the gain in the attachment level compared to the baseline examination in the experimental group and the improvement in the bone height level were statistically significant within the 6-month post-operative interval; however, in both the furcation and proximal areas, no statistically significant differences could be detected on comparing experimental and control groups.     

脑干听觉诱发电位与异氟醚麻醉浓度定性及定量关系的研究

对１０例患者研究了脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）潜伏期与异氟醚麻醉浓度定性及定量关系。全麻诱导采用２．５％硫喷妥钠（３～５ｍｇ／ｋｇ），阿曲库铵（０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。气管插管后麻醉维持采用１．１５％、１．７３．％、２．３０％异氟醚及６０％Ｎ２Ｏ，肌松维持用阿曲库铵。记录麻醉前、诱导后，１．１５％、１．７３％、２．３０％及减至１．１５％异氟醚时ＢＡＥＰ峰潜期（ＰＬ）和峰间潜伏期（ＩＰＬ）值。结果表明，ＢＡＥＰ波ＶＰＬ能稳定反映异氟醚麻醉浓度变化，具有等级性并呈正相关关系，ＢＡＥＰＰＬ、各波正常值似可作为判断异氟醚麻醉深度的参考标准。     

Estimation and relevance of depth correction in paediatric renal studies

Measurement of absolute renal function by gamma camera techniques requires knowledge of kidney depth to correct for soft tissue attenuation, there is debate about the need to take depth into account when only relative renal function is estimated. The aim of this study was to derive a formula for renal depth in children and to assess the importance of depth correction when relative renal function is assessed with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on the gamma camera. In this study, kidney depths were derived from measurements on abdominal computerised tomography (CT) images in 57 children in the supine position with two normally located kidneys. Using best-subset regression analysis, one formula for both left and right kidney depth (KD, cm) was developed based on the easily measured parameters of height (H, cm) and body weight (W, kg). The inclusion of extra variables was found to significantly improve the model compared with a model using weight alone (P<0.005). A second group of 19 children who underwent technetium-99m DMSA scans, had differential function estimated from both anterior and posterior views and the geometric mean method. The mean difference in differential renal function calculated by the geometric mean method versus the posterior image was only 1.2%. In conclusion, we present a new formula for the estimation of paediatric kidney depth for the absolute quantitation of kidney uptake. Further, for normally located kidneys it appears unnecessary to use the geometric mean method or to correct for individual renal depth when calculating differential function. Received 1 August and in revised form 1 October 1997     

Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following surgical therapy

The influence of cigarette smoking on the outcome of surgical therapy was investigated in 54 patients, 24 of whom were smokers. The patients had moderate to severe periodontitis with persisting diseased pockets after non-surgical therapy. The surgical modality used was the modified Widman flap operation and the pockets under scrutiny were those with an initial probing depth of 4-6 mm. Re-examination was made 12 months following the completion of surgery. The probing depth reduction at the 12-month follow-up was 0.76 +/- 0.36 mm (mean +/- SD) in smokers as compared to 1.27 +/- 0.43 mm in non-smokers. The difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.001) and persisted after accounting for plaque. The results suggest that smoking may impair the outcome of surgical therapy.