Factors associated with reduced insertion depth at double balloon enteroscopy: A retrospective,multivariate analysis

Background

Deep small bowel insertion during double balloon enteroscopy can be difficult to achieve.

Aims

To determine the factors influencing depth of insertion during double balloon enteroscopy.

Methods

History of abdomino-pelvic surgery, route of insertion, type of enteroscope, age, sedation or general anaesthesia used and gender were considered as potential influencing factors; procedures were categorised accordingly and maximal depth of insertion calculated.

Results

At multivariate analysis, maximal depth of insertion was significantly associated with history of abdominal-pelvic surgery (P < 0.001), rectal approach (P = 0.011), gender (P = 0.02) and use of the therapeutic enteroscope (P = 0.047). Mean maximal depth of insertion was 266 ± 12 cm, 255 ± 9 cm (P = 0.50), 197 ± 10 cm (P < 0.0001), 160 ± 12 cm (P < 0.01) and 103 ± 33 cm (P < 0.15) when 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 influencing factors were present, respectively.

Conclusion

Maximal depth of insertion was significantly influenced by history of abdomino-pelvic surgery, insertion route, gender and type of enteroscope used.     

Parameter Study on the Preparation of UV Depth‐Cured Chemically Resistant Polysulfone‐Based Membranes

Polysulfone‐based membranes with excellent chemical resistance and a wet thickness up to 200 μm are obtained via UV curing of unmodified polymers after careful tuning of the photoinitiating system and the crosslinker structure. Combinations of photoinitiator and crosslinker are studied in depth, followed by a characterization of the formed macromolecular structure. The performance of the resulting membranes is then evaluated through long‐term immersion in solvents. Classical depth‐curing acyl phosphine oxide‐based photoinitiators in combination with a pentaacrylate crosslinker are found to be the optimal system.

     

清热消炎固齿缓释剂联合龈下喷砂治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效评价

目的：探讨中药清热消炎固齿缓释剂联合龈下喷砂治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效,阐明其治疗种植体周围炎的作用机制。方法：选择72例种植体周围炎患者并按照就诊顺序分为对照组和中药组,每组36例。2组患者均由第一位医生进行牙周基础治疗,对照组患者进行龈上洁治及龈下喷砂治疗,中药组患者进行龈上洁治、龈下刮治及龈下喷砂治疗;由第二位医生对2组患者种植体牙周袋进行冲洗和置放药物,中药组使用0.9%氯化钠注射液冲洗后将中药清热消炎固齿缓释剂留置种植体周围袋,对照组使用3%过氧化氢+0.9%氯化钠注射液对受试牙位种植体周围袋进行冲洗;第三位医生分别于治疗前、治疗1个疗程（4周为1个疗程）后记录2组患者受试牙位牙周指数[改良菌斑指数（mPLI）、牙周袋深度（PPD）和改良龈沟出血指数（mSBI）],检测2组患者种植体龈沟液（PISF）质量和PISF中白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）水平。结果：治疗前2组患者受试牙位的PPD、mSBI、mPLI、PISF质量和PISF中IL-1β水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与治疗前比较,2组患者在不同治疗方式干预后,mPLI、PPD和mSBI均降低（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,中药组患者治疗后mSBI、mPLI和PPD明显降低（P<0.05）,PISF质量和PISF中IL-1β水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论：与传统机械治疗联合过氧化氢及生理盐水冲洗比较,采用中药清热消炎固齿缓释剂联合龈下喷砂治疗种植体周围炎,患者PPD、mSBI和mPLI明显降低,PISF质量和PISF中IL-1β水平明显下降,临床症状得到改善,临床疗效更佳。     

微创拔牙后延期种植与即刻种植的效果评价

目的 探讨和比较微创拔牙后延期种植与即刻种植的临床效果。方法 选择南京同仁医院2013年4月—2018年4月收治的上、下颌单个前牙及前磨牙需要行微创拔牙后种植牙的患者86例,随机分为对照组（40例）和实验组（46例）。对照组微创拔牙后进行延期种植,实验组微创拔牙后进行即刻种植。比较2组患者的种植成功率,记录3个月和永久修复当天患者的种植体稳定性、种植体周围探诊深度、美学效果以及种植体边缘骨水平以及术后满意度。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 实验组和对照组种植成功率均为100%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组在种植体植入3个月后和永久修复当天的ISQ值差异不显著 (P>0.05);实验组种植体周围探诊深度小于对照组,但差异无显著性（P=0.80）;实验组总满意度显著大于对照组（P=0.044）;2组修复后1年,牙龈乳头指数均在1~3级,软组织外形良好,均达到了良好的牙龈美学效果,2组差异无统计学意义（P=0.66）;对照组PES得分7.65±1.32,实验组为8.25±1.19,2组比较差异显著（P<0.05）;2组的近中侧骨吸收量和远中侧骨吸收量相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 微创拔牙后2种植修复方式均能获得良好的临床效果,种植体都具有良好的稳定性,但即刻种植的满意度更高,美学效果更佳,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

花红颗粒联合阿莫西林克拉维酸钾治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床研究

目的探讨花红颗粒联合阿莫西林克拉维酸钾治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果和安全性。方法选取宣城市人民医院2017年4月—2018年6月接诊的慢性盆腔炎患者186例,随机分成对照组(93例)和治疗组(93例)。对照组患者口服阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片,2片/次,2次/d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服花红颗粒,1袋/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗21 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者盆腔炎性包块直径、盆腔积液深度、生活质量评分及症状积分、C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)水平。结果经治疗,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为89.25%和97.85%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者盆腔炎性包块直径、盆腔积液深度和症状积分均显著降低(P0.05),WHOQOL-100评分均显著升高(P0.05),且治疗组各指标比对照组改善更明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清hs-CRP、GM-CSF水平均显著降低(P0.05),血清TGF-β1水平均显著升高(P0.05)且治疗组hs-CRP、GM-CSF和TGF-β1水平明显好于对照组(P0.05)。结论花红颗粒联合阿莫西林克拉维酸钾治疗慢性盆腔炎疗效显著,且能够显著改善患者的生活质量,安全性高。     

Association between cigarette smoking and the intraoral distribution of periodontal disease in Thai men over 50 years of age

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on periodontal conditions in specific tooth regions of older Thai men. Methods: There were 272 current smokers, 714 former smokers, and 477 non‐smokers enrolled in the present study. Differences between groups in the mean probing depth or attachment loss were compared using ancova . The relationship between smoking exposure or cessation duration and periodontal conditions was examined using linear trend analysis. Results: Smokers had deeper pockets and attachment loss than non‐smokers. The greatest differences between smokers and non‐smokers were observed in the maxillary posterior palatal region, where current smokers had 0.88 mm greater attachment loss than non‐smokers, compared to 0.36–0.60 mm observed in other tooth regions. Among the current smokers, there was a trend towards an increase in attachment loss with increasing smoking exposure in the maxillary posterior regions. However, it was not statistically significant. Among the former smokers, a better periodontal condition was observed, depending on the length of time since smoking cessation; this was most pronounced in the maxillary posterior palatal region. Conclusions: The palatal site of maxillary posterior teeth was the area most affected by cigarette smoke. The results suggest a possible local effect of smoking in addition to its systemic effects.