细胞间粘附分子—1^125I标记及其纯度、免疫活性的鉴定

目的：建立细胞间粘附分子－1（intracellular adhesion molecule-1 ICAM-1)^125I标记方法及鉴定其纯度和免疫活性。方法：用氯胺－T法标记ICAM－1,用Sephadex G-50柱层析分离,用纸层析法鉴定^125I-ICAM-1的纯度,放免法检测其免疫活性,结果：^125I-ICAM-1比活度为77．84uCi/ug蛋白,标记率为65．54％,^125I-Na的放化纯度为97．27％,^125I-ICAM-1能够与ICAM－1－Ab的最大结合为88．64％,并且随ICAM－1－Ab滴度的降低而增高。结论：成功建立^125I标记ICAM－1的方法,并且^125I-ICAM-1具有一定的免疫活性。     

氧化苦参碱对小鼠免疫性肝纤维化作用机制的研究

目的 研究氧化苦参碱对小鼠免疫性肝纤维化的作用机制。方法 将BABL/c 小鼠随机分成正常对照组、阳性对照组、氧化苦参碱小剂量、大剂量治疗组,阳性对照组和氧化苦参碱治疗组每周静脉注射1次刀豆蛋白A,共20周。氧化苦参碱治疗组分别腹腔注射氧化苦参碱30mg/kg、60mg/kg。共20周。分别于注射刀豆蛋白A后5、12和20周取血低温保存;并每次处死一批小鼠取肝脏组织液氮低温保存、常规HE染色、Van Gieson胶原纤维染色,冰冻切片CD4,CD8T淋巴细胞染色。图像分析系统定量分析肝纤维组织含量。结果 氧化苦参碱治疗组血清ALT含量及肝组织内炎症活动度、纤维含量均低于阳性对照组,而且呈剂量依赖性。结论 氧化苦参碱有减轻小鼠肝脏炎症活动度及抗小鼠免疫性肝纤维化的作用。     

心理因素的应激对GraVes癌患者免疫系统的影响

目的探讨社会心理因素的应激对Graves病患者的免疫系统的影响.方法采用定式问卷,统一指导语和填表方法及有关评定量表评分,并以放射免疫法,对40例患者测定IgG、IgA、IgM及C3、C4、IL-2、I1-6与40例正常健康者对照.结果病例组IgG、IgA及IL-6显著高于正常对照组,而C3、C4及IL-2显著低于对照组.患者的抑郁分与IgG、IgA及IL-6呈明显正相关,与IL-2呈显著负相关.结论因为IgA及IL-6是疾病的危险因子,C4及IL-2是疾病的保护因子,所以社会心理因素的应激可以通过Gra-ves病患者的免疫系统而影响疾病.     

健脾益气汤联合化疗对肺癌术后患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探究健脾益气汤联合化疗对肺癌术后患者免疫功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析106例肺癌术后患者临床资料,将采用常规化疗的患者纳入对照组(n=53),采用健脾益气汤联合化疗的患者纳入试验组(n=53)。比较两组疗效和治疗前后中医证候积分、免疫功能、生存质量及体重、不良反应。结果:两组患者均顺利完成化疗,试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05); 两组治疗后中医证候积分均下降,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05); 对照组治疗后CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均下降,CD8⁺水平上升(P<0.05); 试验组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均上升,CD8⁺水平下降,试验组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、CD8⁺水平优于对照组(P<0.05); 治疗后,两组免疫球蛋白(Ig)A水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 试验组IgM、IgG水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05); 两组治疗后Karnofsky体能状况(KPS)评分、体重均上升,且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05); 治疗期间两组恶心呕吐、脱发程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肾、肝功能异常程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:健脾益气汤联合化疗可改善肺癌术后患者免疫功能,改善患者中医证候和生存质量,改善患者体重,减少化疗药物不良反应,提高疗效。     

补中益气汤调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路对气虚发热证大鼠肠道菌群、免疫功能及神经功能的影响

目的:分析补中益气汤调控Janus激酶2(JAK2)/信号传导与活化转录因子3(STAT3)/STAT3信号通路对气虚发热证大鼠肠道菌群、免疫功能及神经功能的影响。方法:将30只大鼠随机分为正常组、气虚发热模型组、补中益气汤组,每组10只。气虚发热模型组、补中益气汤组大鼠用于建立气虚发热模型,第18天开始,补中益气汤组给予补中益气汤灌胃治疗5 d,气虚发热模型组给予等体积蒸馏水。16SrRNA基因序列分析技术检测大鼠肠道菌群;ELISA法检测CD4⁺、CD8⁺、补体C3水平、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)水平;放免法测定乙酰胆碱(Ach)、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)水平;蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测p-JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平。结果:补中益气汤可改善气虚发热所致的疣微菌门、互养菌门菌落减少,螺旋体门、埃普西隆杆菌门菌落增多情况(P<0.05)。补中益气汤可改善气虚发热所致的血清CD4⁺、C3、IgM、IgG水平及淋巴细胞转化率降低,血清CD8^...     

IMXQB-80: A Quillaja brasiliensis saponin-based nanoadjuvant enhances Zika virus specific immune responses in mice

Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that enhance/prolong the immune response to a co-administered antigen. Saponins have been widely used as adjuvants for many years in several vaccines – especially for intracellular pathogens – including the recent and somewhat revolutionary malaria and shingles vaccines. In view of the immunoadjuvant potential of Q. brasiliensis saponins, the present study aimed to characterize the QB-80 saponin-rich fraction and a nanoadjuvant prepared with QB-80 and lipids (IMXQB-80). In addition, the performance of such adjuvants was examined in experimental inactivated vaccines against Zika virus (ZIKV). Analysis of QB-80 by DI-ESI-ToF by negative ion electrospray revealed over 29 saponins that could be assigned to known structures existing in their congener Q. saponaria, including the well-studied QS-21 and QS-7. The QB-80 saponins were a micrOTOF able to self-assembly with lipids in ISCOM-like nanoparticles with diameters of approximately 43 nm, here named IMXQB-80. Toxicity assays revealed that QB-80 saponins did present some haemolytical and cytotoxic potentials; however, these were abrogated in IMXQB-80 nanoparticles. Regarding the adjuvant activity, QB-80 and IMXQB-80 significantly enhanced serum levels of anti-Zika virus IgG and subtypes (IgG1, IgG2b, IgG2c) as well as neutralized antibodies when compared to an unadjuvanted vaccine. Furthermore, the nanoadjuvant IMXQB-80 was as effective as QB-80 in stimulating immune responses, yet requiring fourfold less saponins to induce the equivalent stimuli, and with less toxicity. These findings reveal that the saponin fraction QB-80, and particularly the IMXQB-80 nanoadjuvant, are safe and capable of potentializing immune responses when used as adjuvants in experimental ZIKV vaccines.     

Immune non-interference and safety study of Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine with a measles,mumps and rubella containing vaccine in 9–15 months old Nepalese infants

BackgroundTyphoid fever is a common disease in developing countries especially in the Indian subcontinent and Africa. The available typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) have been found to be highly immunogenic in infants and children less than 2 years of age. Many countries are planning to adopt TCV in their routine EPI programs around 9 months of age when measles containing vaccines are given. Therefore, Vi-DT TCV was tested in 9–15 months aged healthy infants in Nepal to demonstrate non-interference with a measles containing vaccine.MethodsThis was a randomized, open label, phase III study to assess the immune non-interference, safety, and reactogenicity of Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine when given concomitantly with measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. A total of 360 participants aged 9–15 months were enrolled and randomized equally into Vi-DT + MMR (180 participants) or MMR alone (180 participants) group and were evaluated for immunogenicity and safety 28 days post vaccination.ResultsUsing the immunogenicity set, difference between proportions (95% CI) of the Vi-DT + MMR group vs MMR alone group were ?2.73% (-8.85, 3.38), ?3.19% (-11.25, 4.88) and 2.91% (-3.36, 9.18) for sero-positivity rate of anti-measles, anti-mumps and anti- rubella, respectively. Only the lower bound of the range in difference of the proportions for sero-positivity rate of anti-mumps did not satisfy the non-inferiority criteria as it was above the ?10% limit, which may not be of clinical significance. These results were confirmed in the per protocol set. There were no safety concerns reported from the study and both Vi-DT + MMR and MMR alone groups were comparable in terms of solicited and unsolicited adverse events .ConclusionsResults indicated that there is non-interference of MMR vaccine with Vi-DT and Vi-DT conjugate vaccine could be considered as an addition to the EPI schedule among children at risk of contracting typhoid.     

Fugetaxis: active movement of leukocytes away from a chemokinetic agent

Chemotaxis or active movement of leukocytes toward a stimulus has been shown to occur in response to chemokinetic agents including members of the recently identified superfamily of proteins called chemokines. Leukocyte chemotaxis is thought to play a central role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes including the homing of immune cells to lymph nodes and the accumulation of these cells at sites of tissue injury and pathogen or antigen challenge. We have recently identified a novel biological mechanism, which we term fugetaxis (fugere, to flee from; taxis, movement) or chemorepulsion, which describes the active movement of leukocytes away from chemokinetic agents including the chemokine, stromal cell derived factor-1, and the HIV-1 envelope protein, gp120. In this article, we review the evidence that supports the observation that leukocyte fugetaxis occurs in vitro and in vivo and suggestions that this novel mechanism can be exploited to modulate the immune response. We propose that leukocyte fugetaxis plays a critical role in both physiological and pathological processes in which leukocytes are either excluded or actively repelled from specific sites in vivo including thymic emigration, the establishment of immune privileged sites and immune evasion by viruses and cancer. We believe that current data support the thesis that a greater understanding of leukocyte fugetaxis will lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for a wide range of human diseases.     

激活素A对免疫细胞活性的影响

观察了激活素Ａ对小鼠Ｔ／Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和ＮＫ细胞毒活性的影响。结果表明，激活素Ａ在１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ条件下，对体外培养的Ｔ／Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和ＮＫ细胞毒活性有明显的促进作用，与对照组比较具有明显的统计学差异（Ｐ〈０．０５），信号传递系统的研究表明，激活素Ａ有协同ＰＫＣ信号传递系统刺激物ＴＰＡ的促细胞增殖效应，并能促进Ｃａ＾２＋载体Ａ２３１８７的作用，上述资料提示，激活素Ａ可能是通过增加细胞钙离子浓度，激     

TL1A:一个新的TNF家族成员

TL1A是肿瘤坏死因子超家族的一个新亚群。通过与受体DR3和DcR3/TR6的结合,既可诱导细胞凋亡,也能活化NF-ΚB。在淋巴细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞的活化和增殖,炎症反应的调节、机体的免疫应答以及动脉粥样硬化、炎症性肠病等疾病的发生、发展中起重要作用。