丝虫病循环抗原及抗体的检测

将抗马来丝虫微丝蚴抗原的单克隆抗体致敏羧化聚苯乙烯乳胶,检测班氏丝虫微丝蚴血症者119例,阳性109例,阳性率91.6%,健康输血员36例,阳性4例,阳性率11.11%,肠道蠕虫及原虫感染者12例和猪囊虫病患者14例全部为阴性。对其中103例微丝蚴血症者进行了血清抗体的测定,阳性93例,阳性率90.29%。结果表明,单抗乳胶凝集试验检测丝虫病循环抗原方法简便、经济,敏感性和特异性均较好,便于现场推广应用,尤其对丝虫病活动性感染和早期感染的诊断及流行病学监测有一定实用价值。     

问号状钩端螺旋体外膜单克隆抗体凝集反应特性的研究

作者用黄疸出血群赖型钩体外膜免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞与SP 2/0骨髓癌细胞融合,筛选出三株抗问号状钩体外膜 McAb。显凝试验(MAT)表明 McAb的E4B11C9株与选用的黄疸出血群的13型钩体(占选用的100％)均发生凝集反应,而选用的其他18群钩体(占选用的100％)和非致病性Patoc Ⅰ株钩体,伊利尼细螺旋体均为MAT阴性,MAT效价低于1:25。从而证明 E4B11C9 McAb具有黄疸出血群钩体的群特异性。     

胶乳凝集试验检测乙型肝炎表面抗原的研究

作应用反向被动胶乳凝集试验（ＲＰＬＡ）检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）阳性血清５４０份，ＨＢ－ｓＡｇ阴性血清５００份，结果显示ＲＰＬＡ灵敏度为９１．６％，特异性为９８．４％，最低检出浓度为５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。此外，本法尚有操作简单，不需任何仪器设备，快速（３～５ｍｉｎ可出结果），微量，能对单一份标本进行检测等优点，是目前检测出ＨＢｓＡｇ的好方法之一，有很高的推广应用价值。     

Sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) for (anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type I) IgG in serum using recombinant gag p24(14-214) as antigen.

A sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) for (anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type I) IgG (anti-HTLV-I IgG) in serum using recombinant gag p24(14-214) of HTLV-I is described. The recombinant gag p24(14-214) is soluble in the absence of detergents and allows the use of enzymes other than horseradish peroxidase as a label in the assays. The usefulness of recombinant gag p24(14-214) was examined with 305 sera characterized by other methods including gelatin particle agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using HTLV-I, and Western blotting. This assay was more sensitive than other methods using HTLV-I as antigen. The specificity could be tested by preincubation of test serum with excess of the recombinant protein. Most of negative and positive sera were discriminated. However, some results appeared to be false-positive or false-negative, and recombinant gag p24(14-214) was suggested to be useful, when used with other recombinant proteins and/or peptides, for improving the reliability of serodiagnosis by separately demonstrating antibodies against as many different epitopes of HTLV-I as possible. Anti-HTLV-I IgG in test serum, which had been incubated with excess of inactive beta-D-galactosidase to eliminate interference by anti-beta-D-galactosidase antibodies, was reacted simultaneously with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin-recombinant gag p24(14-214) conjugate and recombinant gag p24(14-214)-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate. The complex formed consisting of the three components was trapped onto polystyrene balls coated with affinity-purified (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) IgG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

钩端螺旋体七日热群部分群特异McAb的建立与鉴定

经脾内注射七日热群七日热型钩体外膜抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾内细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,筛选出两株抗七日热群钩体的McAb.显凝试验(MAT)表明,Af_2和Bb_2两株McAb均能与选用的七日热群9型钩体中的8型钩体发生凝集反应,但不与卡布那型钩体凝集,而选用的其他20群33型问号钩体,双曲钩体Patoc Ⅰ株和细螺旋体伊尼利型3055株均为MAT阴性,从而证明Af_2和Bb_2两株McAb具有七日热群部分群特异性.     

Identification of the sperm antigen interacting with antibodies in serum from an infertile woman

Serum (IS) obtained from an infertile woman induced head-to-head agglutination of human sperm. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) fraction of the IS was prepared by ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE cellulose chromatography. The IgG localized to the post-acrosomal region of the sperm, determined by indirect immunofluorescence and interacted with a human sperm protein with an estimated Mr of 80 kDa, determined by immunoblotting. The identity of the interacting sperm antigen was verified by isolating the 80 kDa sperm protein by affinity chromatography. The present results suggest that the anti-80 kDa antibodies may be responsible for the infertility.     

High sensitivity and specificity of the Pastorex latex agglutination test for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A during a clinical trial in Niger

There is a great need for a rapid diagnostic test to guide vaccine choice during outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis in resource-poor countries. During a randomised clinical trial conducted during an epidemic of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A in Niger in 2003, the sensitivity and specificity of the Pastorex latex agglutination test for this serogroup under optimal field conditions were assessed, using culture and/or PCR as the gold standard. Results from 484 samples showed a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI 85-91%) and a specificity of 93% (95% CI 90-95%). Pastorex could be a good alternative to current methods, as it can be performed in a local laboratory with rapid results and is highly specific. Sensitivity can be improved with prior microscopy where feasible. A study specifically to evaluate the Pastorex test under epidemic conditions, using laboratories with limited resources, is recommended.     

Vascular thrombi and neuronal alterations in human botulism

Summary Pathological study in a case of human botulism showed the presence of minor nerve cell changes and extensive vascular thrombi. The latter occurred chiefly in the central nervous system but occurred in other organs as well. An attempt to put these findings into proper perspective and offer a rational explanation for their frequent occurrence in this syndrome is undertaken. It is suggested that the hemagglutination factor present in botulin may cause changes which play a definite role in the clinical symptomatology. It may account for some observations not explainable by present theories which have limited the action of botulin to the neuromuscular junction.

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Zusammenfassung Die histopathologische Untersuchung eines Falles von Botulismus beim Menschen ergab geringfügige uncharakteristische Nervenzellveränderungen und ausgedehnte rezente Gefäßthromben, die vorzugsweise im ZNS auftraten, aber auch in anderen Parenchymorganen nachweisbar waren. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird erörtert und ihr häufiges Auftreten beim Botulismus zu erklären versucht. Es wird vermutet, daß der im Botulin enthaltene Hämagglutinationsfaktor eine grundlegende Rolle für die klinische Symptomatik und für einige durch die bisher vorliegenden Theorien nicht erklärbare Beobachtungen spielen dürfte.