藏药四臣止咳颗粒剂的药效学研究

目的：观察藏药四臣止咳颗粒剂的药效作用及机理。方法：采用咳嗽、炎症、发热等动物模型观察其止咳、抗炎、解热作用。结果：该制剂在6.7g生药/kg、13.4g生药/kg、26.8g生药/kg剂量下,各剂量组均能显著的抑制浓氨水诱发的小鼠咳嗽（P〈0.01）,中、大剂量组均能显著的抑制二氧化硫诱发的小鼠咳嗽（P〈0.01）;在8.14g生药/kg、16.28g生药/kg剂量下能显著的抑制枸橼酸诱发的豚鼠咳嗽（P〈0.01）,对大鼠和小鼠的急性炎症反应有抗炎作用,对家兔发热有轻度的解热作用。结论：证实了四臣止咳颗粒剂的止咳作用及其机理。     

复方止咳颗粒药效学实验研究

目的:评价复方止咳颗粒的药效作用。方法:通过小鼠氨水引咳实验、豚鼠枸橼酸引咳实验观察其镇咳作用;通过大鼠毛细管祛痰实验观察其祛痰作用;通过磷酸组胺致豚鼠哮喘实验观察其平喘作用;通过二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验、大鼠纽扣肉芽组织增生实验观察其抗炎作用。结果:复方止咳颗粒能显著抑制25%氨水诱发的小鼠咳嗽;能显著抑制枸橼酸诱发的豚鼠咳嗽;能有效抑制磷酸组胺诱发的豚鼠哮喘;能明显增加大鼠痰量的排出;对小鼠的急性炎症反应有抑制作用。结论:复方止咳颗粒具有止咳、祛痰、平喘、抗炎作用。     

小柴胡汤对大鼠脑中单胺类神经递质含量的影响

应用高效液相色谱电化学检测方法测定了小柴胡汤对大鼠不同脑区单胺类神经递质及其代谢产物含量的影响。结果表明,小柴胡汤200mg/Kg,p o一天两次,给药7次可显著升高下丘脑DOPAC和5-HIAA的含量,降低下丘脑、大脑皮层中5-HT/5-HIAA比值和纹状体DA/DOPAC比值,提示小柴胡汤对上述脑区单胺类神经递质的更新率有一定促进作用。     

胡思荣运用整体观辨治慢性阻塞性肺疾病

在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)的辨治中,胡思荣教授运用整体观点对慢阻肺病因病机、诊断及治则治法等进行了论述及阐释,病机辨证从脏而论,气化失常为本。胡恩荣教授针对慢阻肺的病机特点,提倡辨证治脏,调气为主;制源补虚,调体培本;畅流化饮,治痰化湿祛瘀;防病养体,顺应四时等观点,并灵活运用于临床,为慢阻肺的中医辨治带来新的生命活力。     

通腑安脏汤治疗支气管哮喘伴胃肠功能障碍的临床疗效观察

目的：本研究旨在观察应用通腑安脏汤治疗支气管哮喘伴胃肠功能障碍的临床疗效。方法：将确诊为支气管哮喘合并胃肠功能障碍的患者60例,按照区组随机化方法随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组给予口服枸橼酸莫沙必利分散片及沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗,治疗组给予通腑安脏汤治疗,每日1剂,两组疗程均为14天。观察两组消化道症状积分、肺功能、疗效、生活质量评估（SGRQ）及随访患者3个月后再住院率。结果：与对照组相比,治疗组患者胃肠道功能障碍及生活质量明显改善（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,治疗组患者肺功能无明显改善（P＞0.05）。结论：应用通腑安脏汤治疗支气管哮喘合并胃肠功能障碍的疗效肯定,能显著改善支气管哮喘患者的临床症状、体征,同时改善患者的生活质量,并具有较好的安全性。     

酸枣仁化学成分研究

目的 研究酸枣仁的化学成分.方法 利用正、反相硅胶柱色谱分离纯化,通过化学及波谱分析方法鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从酸枣仁中分离并鉴定了1个新的酮基达玛烷型四环三萜皂苷H(jujuboside H,Ⅰ)及3个已知化合物原酸枣仁皂苷A(protojujuboside A,Ⅱ)、酸枣素(斯皮诺素,Ⅲ)、白桦脂酸(Ⅳ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为酸枣仁皂苷H.     

Appraisal of anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extract of Ilex ficoidea Hemsl and Ilex centrochinensis S.Y. Hu

This study was to appraise the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extracts of Ilex ficoidea Hemsl (EIFH) and Ilex centrochinensis S.Y. Hu (EICC). Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using xylene-induced ear edema and the cotton pellet granuloma tests. Some antioxidants produced during chronic inflammation were quantitated and the DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals scavenging activities in vitro were also investigated. EICC showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect during the acute inflammation and chronic inflammation without any acute oral toxicity. However, EIFH exhibited a negligible anti-acute inflammatory and a moderate anti-chronic inflammatory activity. EICC significantly inhibited the formation of MDA and markedly raised the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. EIFH could reduce the level of MDA and elevate the activity of SOD only at the high dose. The free radical scavenging activities of EICC are higher than that of EIFH. These results suggest that EICC possesses significant anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities. The anti-inflammatory mechanism is attributed, in part, to enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes.     

Effect of sinapic acid on aripiprazole pharmacokinetics in rats: Possible food drug interaction

Dietary supplements and foods can interact with various drugs, leading to possible clinical concerns. This study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered sinapic acid (SA) on the pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole (APZ) in rats and its possible modulatory effects on hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP3A2 and CYP2D6) expression in the liver tissues. Single dose and multiple dose parallel groups of wistar rats were categorized into six groups (n = 6 each) which abstained from food for 12 h prior to the experiment, while water was allowed ad libitum. The investigation was carried out for single dose: Group I was treated with normal saline orally for 15 days (normal control). Group II was administered normal saline orally for 15 days and received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) on day 15. Group III received SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days and received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) on day 15. Group IV was treated with SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days. For the multiple dose study, Group I was treated with normal saline orally for 15 days (normal control); Group II received APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) daily for 15 days; Group III was administered with SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) and APZ (3 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days and Group IV received SA (20 mg/kg p.o.) for 15 days. The group I and IV were kept common in single and multiple dose groups. After last APZ dose, plasma samples were collected and APZ concentrations were determined using an UPLC-MS/MS technique. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental analysis. The concomitant administration of APZ with SA (as single or multiple dose) resulted in an increase in APZ absorption and a decrease on its systemic clearance. This was associated with a reduction in CYP3A2 and CYP2D6 protein expressions by 33–43% and -71–68% after the single and multiple co-administration, which are two enzymes responsible of the metabolism of APZ. Therefore, a reduction in the metabolic clearance appears to be the mechanism underlying the drug interaction of dietary supplement containing SA with APZ. Therefore, the concomitant administration of SA and APZ should be carefully viewed. Further investigations are required to assess the clinical significance of such observations in humans.     

胡建华治疗多发性抽动-秽语综合征经验举隅

全国名老中医胡建华老师治疗多发性抽动-秽语综合征经验丰富。胡老认为肝风扰动,痰阻窍络,心神不宁为该病病机;平肝熄风,助以化痰定志、养心安神为治疗原则,加味四虫汤为临证基本方。     

畲药柳叶蜡梅质量评价和谱效关系研究

目的 评价不同产地及不同采收时间的柳叶蜡梅药材质量,建立谱效关系模型,挖掘与抗氧化活性有显著相关的色谱特征峰。方法 建立可同时定量多种成分(芦丁、异槲皮苷、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮苷、槲皮素、山柰酚)的液相指纹图谱方法,测定不同来源柳叶蜡梅中总黄酮含量,并采用DPPH法测定柳叶蜡梅样本的清除率SR及IC₅₀值,建立基于灰色关联度和相似度算法的谱效关系模型,辨别与抗氧化活性有显著相关的色谱特征峰。结果 不同产地柳叶蜡梅样本的总黄酮及其单体成分含量、抗氧化活性等指标存在较大差异,但同一基地来源的质量差异较小,松阳标准化基地样本IC50值<4.5 mg·mL^-1,RSD值<20%,显示整体抗氧化能力较强。7-8月份的柳叶蜡梅样本黄酮类物质累积最多且抗氧化能力最强,尤其是山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷含量最高,最高可达0.87%。此外,基于色谱数据的三维主成分分析结果显示,松阳和开化标准化种植基地的柳叶蜡梅质量属性较为接近,而与来自莲都地区的野生样本差距较大。通过灰色关联度和相关系数分析算法构建的谱效关系结果显示,山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮苷、异槲皮苷、芦丁等黄酮成分均与抗氧化活性显著相关。结论 本研究明确了柳叶蜡梅最佳采摘期以及产地对药材质量的影响,初步明确山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮苷、异槲皮苷、芦丁与抗氧化活性关联度较强,为柳叶蜡梅质量综合评价和药效物质基础研究提供参考。