Upper Femur Anatomy Depends on Age and Gender: A Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Comparative Bone Morphometric Analysis of 628 Healthy Patients’ Hips

BackgroundThe knowledge of proximal femur geometry is essential in the understanding and treatment of hip pathologies. Our aim is to evaluate the range of “normal anatomical values of the proximal femur” and their relationship to age, gender, and ethnicity in a cohort of healthy population, using a 3-dimensional computed tomography automated software.MethodsThe pelvis and bilateral femora of 628 healthy individuals (394 males/234 females, mean age 61.5 ± 16.5 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 26.9 ± 5.2 kg/m²) including 2 ethnicities (226 Asians and 406 Caucasians) were assessed with a 3-dimensional computed tomography scan-based system using algorithm-calculated landmarks. The demographic parameters recorded were age, gender, BMI, and ethnicity. The femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA), femoral neck version, femoral offset (FO), and femoral canal flare index (fCFI) were calculated for each individual. Analyses were performed using SPSS version 22. P-values <.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.ResultsOverall, the mean NSA was 124.7° (standard deviation [SD] 6.2), mean femoral neck version was 14.5° (SD 8.1), mean FO was 42.9 mm (SD 6.8), and mean fCFI was 3.4 (SD 0.5). Gender was associated with all parameters, with the females presenting more valgus and anteverted hips. Multivariate analysis revealed a lower NSA and fCFI and a higher FO for older individuals. Ethnicity and BMI were not associated with any parameters.ConclusionOur results showed that there is a direct relationship of age and gender to the variations in the investigated proximal femur anatomical parameters in a large cohort of healthy individuals. Those important gender-based and age-based differences might advocate for more varus and lateralized component to reproduce preoperative anatomy of male and patients older than 50 years.     

血浆中TNF-α、IL-6、ACE水平及DVH参数与放射性肺炎发生的相关性分析

目的 探讨血浆中TNF-α、IL-6、ACE水平及DVH参数与放射性肺炎发生的相关性。方法 选取2016年4月~2017年4月我院收治的150例胸部肿瘤患者作为研究对象,均行调强放射治疗及三维适形放射治疗,并进行细胞因子检测。比较放疗前后患者TNF-α、IL-6及ACE细胞因子水平的变化以及未发生放射性肺炎的患者与发生放射性肺炎患者DVH参数（V10、V20、V30及MLD）。结果 放疗中,血浆中TNF-α以及IL-6水平高于放疗前[（17.32±5.64）pg/ml vs（11.97±4.29）pg/ml,（5.23±2.67）pg/ml vs（4.98±1.47）pg/ml],ACE水平低于放疗前[（20.15±1.61）pg/ml vs（21.02±3.41）pg/ml],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。发生放射性肺炎组TNF-α以及IL-6水平高于未发生放射性肺炎组[（17.39±5.74）pg/ml vs（11.81±4.39）pg/ml,（5.25±2.77）pg/ml vs（4.86±1.57）pg/ml],ACE水平低于未发生放射性肺炎组[（20.17±1.71）pg/ml vs（21.09±3.51）pg/ml],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。发生放射性肺炎组V10、V20、V30及MLD高于未发生放射性肺炎组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 放射治疗后,患者体内炎症反应加强,患者肺部损伤程度加重,而发生放射性肺炎患者的DVH参数明显增加。     

Different Cosmetic Habits Can Affect the Biophysical Profile of Facial Skin: A Study of Korean and Chinese Women

BackgroundPrevious studies on the age-, climate, and skin care habit-related changes of biophysical parameters have mainly focused on Caucasians, and studies on Asians are in paucity.ObjectiveThis study was aimed to investigate the variations of cutaneous biophysical parameters in Chinese and Korean women (northeast Asians) and to assess the association between those parameters and age, climate, and cosmetic habits.MethodsA cross-sectional study included 361 healthy Chinese and Korean women between 18 and 49 years of age in 4 cities (Guangzhou, Nanjing, and Shijiazhuang in China, and Suwon in Korea). We measured skin surface temperature, hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum, elasticity, skin pore, wrinkle, and skin tone (brightness) using non-invasive instruments. Demographic profiles and cosmetic habits were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsSkin elasticity and tone decreased, and pore size and wrinkle increased with age. Subjects in Suwon (Korean) showed higher hydration level, lower TEWL and lower sebum, less severe wrinkle and brighter skin than those in the 3 cities in China. After adjusting for age and region, using sunscreen everyday, wearing base makeup daily, and using moisturizers improved hydration, TEWL, and elasticity significantly.ConclusionWomen in Suwon (Korea) were found to have a better profile of biophysical parameters than women in the 3 Chinese cities, which might be attributed to cosmetic habits, besides age and climatic factors. The fact that appropriate cosmetic habits are associated with favorable skin biophysical parameters underscores the importance of daily skin care routine in preserving skin functions.     

Association between expression of TNF-α, P53 and HIF1α with asthenozoospermia

Reduced sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) accounts for a significant percentage of male infertility and numerous factors have been suggested to explain this phenomenon among which hypoxic and inflammatory markers are the least studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the main molecular markers involved in hypoxia (P53 and HIF-1α) and inflammation (TNF-α) pathways in infertile men with asthenozoospermia. Expression of these markers were assessed by qRT-PCR, and analysis of data show that mean of hypoxia markers (P53, HIF-1α) and also TNF- α were significantly higher in infertile men with asthenozoospermia compared to fertile men (p?r?=?–0.568; p?=?0.002) and HIF-1α (r?=?–0.403; p?=?0.046) with sperm motility. In addition, a significant negative correlation was observed between expression of P53 with sperm concentration (r?=?–0.576; p?p?相似文献   

Radiomic Feature Robustness and Reproducibility in Quantitative Bone Radiography: A Study on Radiologic Parameter Changes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the robustness of different radiography radiomic features over different radiologic parameters including kV, mAs, filtration, tube angles, and source skin distance (SSD). A tibia bone phantom was prepared and all imaging studies was conducted on this phantom. Different radiologic parameters including kV, mAs, filtration, tube angles, and SSD were studied. A region of interest was drawn on the images and many features from different feature sets including histogram, gradient, run-length matrix, co-occurrence matrix, autoregressive model, and wavelet derived parameters were extracted. All radiomic features were categorized based on coefficient of variation (COV). Bland-Altman analysis also was used to evaluate the mean, standard deviation, and upper/lower reproducibility limits for radiomic features in response to variation in each testing parameters. Results on COV in all features showed that 22%, 34%, and 45% of features were most robust (COV ≤ 5%) against kV, mAs, and SSD respectively and there was no robust features against filtration and tube angle. Also, all features (100%) and 76% of which showed large variations (COV > 20%) against filtrations and tube angle respectively. Autoregressive model feature set has no robust features against all radiologic parameters. Features including sum-average, sum-entropy, correlation, mean, and percentile (50, 90, and 99) belong to co-occurrence matrix and histogram feature sets were found as most robust features. Bland-Altman analysis showed the high reproducibity of some feature sets against radiologic parameter changes. The results presented here indicated that radiologic parameters have great impacts on radiomic feature values and caution should be taken into account when work with these features. In quantitative bone studies, robust features with low COV can be selected for clinical or research applications. Reproducible features also can be obtained using Bland-Altman analysis.     

Lateral lumbar interbody fusion at the lumbosacral junction

Due to the obstruction of the iliac crest and the retroperitoneal vessels, lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) is generally considered contraindicated at the lumbosacral junction (LSJ). In particular the ‘rise’ of the psoas from the vertebral column in the lower lumbar segments has been associated with significant overlap of the lumbar plexus with the vertebral body and exclusion of a safe transpsoas entry. However in selected individuals anatomical variations may help circumvent the difficulties and the anatomical corridor posterior to the lumbar plexus may provide an alternative to the conventional anterior approach. Currently there is a dearth of information in informing the feasibility. We therefore reviewed the records of three patients in whom LLIF was successfully conducted at the LSJ. The patients’ spinopelvic parameters and psoas anatomy were analysed by whole spine standing X-rays and MRI respectively. Intraoperative findings and postoperative outcome were examined. We found that in keeping with published morphometric data, low pelvic incidence (40–50°) appeared associated with ‘low-lying’ iliac crests which had facilitated lateral access to the LSJ in all cases. Patients with scoliosis provided added advantage when the concave side of the curve was utilised for the approach. A very high ‘rising’ psoas was found conducive to a novel posterior surgical corridor. No significant neurovascular sequelae were noted. In conclusion, LLIF can be safely performed at the LSJ in selected cases. To our knowledge this is the first report to describe the possibility of a safe LLIF working zone posterior to the lumbar plexus.     

Intraoperative direct cortical stimulation motor evoked potentials: Stimulus parameter recommendations based on rheobase and chronaxie

Objective

To determine optimal interstimulus interval (ISI) and pulse duration (D) for direct cortical stimulation (DCS) motor evoked potentials (MEPs) based on rheobase and chronaxie derived with two techniques.

彩色多普勒超声对卵巢肿瘤血流参数与微血管密度相关性的评估价值

目的探讨卵巢肿瘤血流参数与微血管密度的相关性。方法收集卵巢肿瘤患者62例作为研究对象,依据术后病理确诊结果分为良性组30例以及恶性组32例。2组患者均于术前使用彩色多普勒超声及免疫组化检查。记录并比较2组彩色多普勒超声血流参数与微血管密度,探讨其相关性。结果恶性组患者彩色多普勒信号分级以Ⅲ~Ⅳ级为主,良性组患者以Ⅰ~Ⅱ级为主,不同FIGO分期患者彩色多普勒信号分级存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。恶性组患者血管波动指数(PI)及阻力指数(RI)均明显低于良性组患者,微血管密度明显高于良性组患者;FIGO分期越高,PI及RI越低,微血管密度越高(P<0.05)。卵巢肿瘤彩色多普勒超声血流参数PI及RI分别与微血管密度呈负相关(γ1=-0.563,P=0.001;γ2=-0.645,P=0.000)。结论卵巢肿瘤彩色多普勒超声血流参数与微血管密度存在负相关性,可用于早期诊断中血管形成情况的评估,具有重要的临床价值。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病合并HBV感染患者临床特征分析

目的 对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）合并慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的临床特征进行分析。方法 对120例NAFLD合并CHB患者和60例CHB患者血生化指标和体质特征指标进行比较分析。使用ALOKA210型超声诊断仪检查诊断脂肪肝,常规检测血生化指标。结果 NAFLD合并CHB患者与CHB患者血清ALT分别为[（72.74±10.14） U/L和（56.25±5.43） U/L,P＜0.05],AST分别为[（77.84±10.38）U/L和（54.28±6.53） U/L,P＜0.05];血TG分别为[（3.51±0.35） mmol/L和（2.76±0.29） mmol/L,P＜0.05],TC分别为[（5.77± 1.43） mmol/L和（4.28±1.13） mmol/L,P＜0.05],空腹血糖分别为[（5.92±1.15）mmol/L和（5.31±1.07） mmol/L,P＜0.05];NAFLD合并CHB患者与CHB患者体质量分别为[（70.1±10.2） kg和（5.31±1.07）kg,P＜0.05]、BMI分别为[（26.0±4.1） kg/m2和（5.31±1.07） kg/m2,P＜0.05],WHR分别为[（0.91±0.04）和（0.79±0.02）,P＜0.05]。结论 NAFLD合并CHB患者血生化指标和体质指标显著高于CHB患者,可能给治疗带来困难,需注意鉴别和针对性的处理。