虚拟现实术前计划在特发性面肌痉挛微血管减压术中的应用

目的评价虚拟现实术前计划用于特发性面肌痉挛导微血管减压术的效果。方法收集33例做虚拟现实术前计划（计划组）和27例未做虚拟现实术前计划（对照组）的特发性面肌痉挛患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析。计划组患者分别行脑血管CT和头颅MRI检查，影像数据输入Vitrea虚拟现实系统进行三维重建，模拟枕下乙状窦后入路显露面听神经复合体，判断责任血管和面神经的空间关系，在术前计划基础上进行面神经微血管减压术。比较2组手术疗效和并发症发生率。结果2组患者责任血管均为小脑前下动脉，虚拟现实术前计划中面神经与责任血管空间关系清晰显示，责任血管判定结果与术中观察结果一致。计划组和对照组Cohen分级0级比例差异有统计学意义[100．0％（33例）比85．2％（23例）]（P=0．036），手术疗效总体良好率差异无统计学意义[100．0％（33例）比85．2％（23例）]（P=0．450）。并发症总体发生率差异无统计学意义[0．0％比11．1％（3例）]（P=0．085）。结论虚拟现实术前计划有助于清晰直观地显示面神经与责任血管的空间关系，可提高手术疗效和安全性。     

How to tackle complications in radial procedures: Tip and tricks

Transradial interventions (TRI) are becoming increasingly popular because of accumulating recent evidence suggesting improved survival and reduced morbidity. Complications, though rare, do occur, especially for operators on their learning curve. The complications are best prevented by utilization of proper technique. Forearm hematoma are preventable and easy to treat, but a delay in detecting and managing them can lead to disastrous consequences compartment syndrome being the most dreaded one. This review deals with tips and tricks to prevent as also treat the common and rare complications.     

经尿道前列腺切除术后膀胱痉挛相关因素分析及临床治疗

目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术后膀胱痉挛相关致病因素与临床治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2008年8月-2010年6月行经尿道前列腺切除术患者临床资料。结果101例患者中发生膀胱痉挛49例，发生率为48．5％；对照组和实验组患者治疗有效率分别为80％和100％，实验组治疗有效率明显高于对照组，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论经尿道前列腺切除术术后膀胱痉挛与膀胱内环境不稳定、术后出血、精神因素有关；通过综合治疗能够有效控制症状，减轻患者痛苦，减少并发症，具有临床推广使用价值。     

数字化技术对半侧颜面萎缩修复皮瓣的选择应用

目的 探讨数字化技术在半侧颜面萎缩畸形治疗中皮瓣设计选择的临床应用价值. 方法 半侧颜面萎缩侧患者7例,术前行CT血管成像扫描,应用Mimics 14.3软件对畸形部位进行三维重建,设计修复所需要的骨组织、软组织块.根据供区、受区的血管直径,选择背阔肌皮瓣4例、股前外侧皮瓣3例,采用快速成型打印缺损块,根据设计方案完成手术. 结果 移植7例皮瓣成活,修复半面萎缩外形良好,术后随访3年,皮瓣外观良好,效果确切. 结论 采用数字化技术进行术前模拟设计手术,可前瞻性了解手术效果,能够精确切取皮瓣范围,并可以避免术中血管吻合时受区、供区不匹配现象,保证了皮瓣的成活,具有实用价值.     

Isolated Pyridoxine Deficiency Presenting as Muscle Spasms in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Report and Literature Review

Pyridoxine is an important co-factor for many biochemical reactions in cellular metabolism related to the synthesis and catabolism of amino acids, fatty acids, neurotransmitters. Deficiency of pyridoxine results in impaired transcellular signaling between neurons and presents with muscular convulsions, hyperirritability, and peripheral neuropathy. Deficiency of pyridoxine is usually found in association with other vitamin B deficiencies such as folate (vitamin B9) and cobalamin (vitamin B12). Isolated pyridoxine deficiency is extremely rare. We present the case of a 59-year old female with type 2 diabetes who complained of painful muscle spasms. Her muscle spasms involved in both feet, which have spread proximally to her legs. She also experienced intermittent muscle spasms in her left arm, which is not alleviated by baclofen, cyclobenzaprine. Her plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate confirmed pyridoxine deficiency. Vitamins B1, B3, B12, and folate were within normal limits. The patient received standard-dose intramuscular pyridoxine injections for three weeks followed by oral supplements for 3 months and her symptoms resolved. This case illustrates the rare instance of isolated pyridoxine deficiency in type 2 diabetes patient manifesting as myoclonic muscle spasms involving the legs and arms in the absence of objective polyneuropathy. Pyridoxine level should, therefore, be assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes, including newly diagnosed patients.     

Guide catheter exchange

The role of coronary vasoconstriction in acute myocardial infarction is controversial. Two patients are presented who were studied with angiography during the early hours of acute myocardial infarction and in whom reversible spasm of non-infarct vessels was observed. A tendency towards coronary vasospasm may be a generalized phenomenon during acute myocardial infarction. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Angiographic documented coronary arterial spasm in absence of critical coronary artery stenoses in a patient with variant angina episodes during exercise and dobutamine stress echocardiography

Dobutamine stress echocardiography is widely performed as a useful diagnostic tool in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Dobutamine induced myocardial ischaemia is frequently associated with ST segment depression. ST segment elevation is uncommon and is almost always associated with prior myocardial infarction or transient total coronary occlusion. Dobutamine induced ST segment elevation in absence of significant coronary artery disease is a rare condition and is supposed to be a consequence of severe coronary artery spasm. The case of a 58 year old man with variant angina episodes at rest, during exercise test, and dobutamine stress echocardiography is reported, in whom coronary spasm without significant coronary artery stenoses was documented angiographically.


Keywords: coronary spasm; variant angina; Prinzmetal angina; dobutamine stress echocardiography; exercise test     

血液流变学及动力学在妊娠期高血压患者中的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨血液流变学及动力学在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的变化及临床意义.方法:选择146例妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇(纳入观察组)及同期正常妊娠孕妇145例(纳入对照组)作为研究对象,采用全自动血粘度仪和无创伤监测仪监测两组孕妇血液流变学和血液动力学指标并进行组间比较.结果:观察组全血粘度(包括高切、中切、低切)、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、纤维蛋白原均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组MAP明显高于对照组,而心输出量(CO)、心脏指数(CI)、心搏量(SV)、心搏指数(SI)及血管顺应性(AC)等则均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:监测孕妇血液流变学结合血液动力学指标对妊娠期高血压疾病发生有一定的预测价值,同时根据上述参数变化合理用药以改善患者血液流变学及血液动力学情况,对预防及控制妊娠期高血压疾病的进一步恶化有利.