Suitable closure for post-duodenal endoscopic resection taking medical costs into consideration

AIM:To compare closure methods,closure times and medical costs between two groups of patients who had post-endoscopic resection(ER) artificial ulcer floor closures.METHODS:Nineteen patients with duodenal adenoma,early duodenal cancer,and subepithelial tumors that received ER between September 2009 and September 2014 at Kagawa University Hospital and Ehime Rosai Hospital,an affiliated hospital of Kagawa University,were included in the study.We retrospectively compared two groups of patients who received postER artificial ulcer floor closure:the conventional clip group vs the over-the-scope clip(OTSC) group.Delayed bleeding,procedure time of closure,delayed perforation,total number of conventional clips and OTSCs and medical costs were analyzed.RESULTS:Although we observed delayed bleeding in three patients in the conventional clip group,we observed no delayed bleeding in the OTSC group(P = 0.049).We did not observe perforation in either group.The mean procedure times for ulcer closure were 33.26 ± 12.57 min and 9.71 ± 2.92 min,respectively(P = 0.0001).The resection diameters were 18.8 ± 1.30 mm and 22.9 ± 1.21 mm for the conventional clip group and the OTSC group,respectively,with significant difference(P = 0.039).As for medical costs,the costs of all conventional clips were USD $1257 and the costs of OTSCs were $7850(P = 0.005).If the post-ER ulcer is under 20 mm in diameter,a conventional clip closure may be more suitable with regard to the prevention of delayed perforation and to medical costs.CONCLUSION:If the post-ER ulcer is over 20 mm,the OTSC closure should be selected with regard to safety and reliable closure even if there are high medical costs.     

Inflammatory cytokines in paraventricular nucleus modulate sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats

Aims: G protein‐coupled receptors such as the AT_1aR are frequently subject to desensitization, extensively studied in cell culture but to small extent in hypertensive models. Recently, angiotensin II (ANG II)‐induced desensitization was shown to last 10 min in isolated afferent arterioles (AAs), suggesting impact on ANG II vasoactivity. In the present study, we explored ANG II desensitization and effects of adenosine (Ado) in AAs from two‐kidney, one‐clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. Our main hypothesis was that Ado affects ANG II contractility differently in 2K1C, because of persistently elevated levels of ANG II. Methods: Afferent arterioles were isolated with the agarose‐infusion/enzyme‐treatment technique from normotensive and 2K1C hypertensive rats, and stimulated with ANG II (10^?7 m ) at baseline and re‐stimulated after 20 or 40 min, with or without Ado (2.5 × 10^?5 m ) in the vessel bath. Results: Afferent arterioles from normotensive rats re‐stimulated with ANG II after 20 min displayed a blunted contraction (Δ12.8 ± 4.3%, P < 0.05), which disappeared when AAs were stimulated after 40 min (Δ2.7 ± 2.3%, NS), indicating that desensitization lasted for 30 ± 10 min. Ado augmented ANG II contractions after 20 min, but not after 40 min, suggesting that only de‐sensitized vessels were affected. Similar experiments in AAs from the clipped and non‐clipped kidneys revealed no desensitization when re‐stimulated with ANG II after 20 and 40 min, and contractions were unaffected by Ado. Conclusions: Reduced duration of desensitization in AAs from 2K1C may cause vessels to be sensitized longer and increase vasoconstriction. The present study demonstrates that Ado does not augment ANG II‐induced contractions in AAs from 2K1C as in normotensive rats, possibly because of a reduced period of desensitization.     

心悸验案三则

介绍心悸验案三则,气阴两虚炙甘草汤(复脉汤)主之,心脾两虚夹淤归脾汤化裁,阴虚火旺方选天王补心丹。     

钛夹预先蒂部结扎联合高频电切治疗大肠带蒂息肉的临床效果

目的:观察在内镜下切除大肠带蒂息肉时预先用钛夹在息肉蒂部结扎预防出血的临床效果.方法:选取2017年6月—2020年7月我院内镜中心收治的大肠息肉患者370例,随机分为试验组182例(息肉198枚),对照组188例(息肉222枚),试验组预先用钛夹在息肉蒂部结扎再行高频电切除术结合中医辨证施治治疗肠息肉,对照组单纯高频...     

Techniques for colorectal anastomosis

Colorectal anastomotic leak remains one of the most feared post-operative complications, particularly after anterior resection of the rectum with, the shift from abdomino-peritoneal resections to total mesorectal excision and primary anastomosis. The literature fails to demonstrate superiority of stapled over hand-sewn techniques in colorectal anastomosis, regardless of the level of anastomosis, although a high stricture rate was noted in the former technique. Thus, improvements in safety aspects of anastom...     

A new hemostatic clip for endoscopic surgery that can maintain blood flow after clipping

AIM: To develop a new hemostatic device for endoscopic surgery that can control the bleeding without completely occluding the bleeding vessel. METHODS: A hemostatic clip and its applier that can stanch bleeding while maintaining blood flow through the clipped vessel was introduced, and the performance of the proposed clip was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: During in vitro experiments, no leakage was found after clipping at cuts made in artificial vessels, and flow was maintained through the clipped artificial vessels. In experiments on rats, all the implanted clips occluded the target vessels successfully, and no bleeding or tissue damage was observed at the operative site after the rats were euthanized on postoperative day 7. In experiments on pigs, bleeding stopped immediately after partial clipping of a damaged vessel, and some amount of blood flow was consistently maintained through the clipped vessel after hemostasis. CONCLUSION: We believe that the proposed hemostatic clip and clip applier can enhance patient safety during laparoscopic surgery.     

动脉瘤夹不同夹闭时间对兔颈总动脉管壁的影响

目的探讨一次性使用永久动脉瘤夹不同夹闭时间对兔颈总动脉管壁的影响。方法选用健康雄性日本大耳白兔60只,按数字随机法分为两组,一次性使用永久动脉瘤夹分别夹闭颈总动脉30 min和60 min,每组各30只,分别取动脉瘤夹夹持部位颈总动脉标本30段,采用Mann-Whitney U检验,进行血管壁组织病理学损伤程度的比较。结果一次性使用动脉瘤夹夹闭30 min和60 min所致的血管壁损伤均可见中层弹力板形变和内皮细胞脱落,夹闭时间60 min组血管壁出现局部坏死伴发炎性反应,甚至管壁破裂。夹闭30 min组和夹闭60 min组血管壁总体损伤程度(U=324.00,P=0.045)和重度损伤率[0%(0/30)比20.0%(6/30),P=0.031]差异均有统计学意义。结论一次性使用永久动脉瘤夹夹闭时间60 min比30 min对血管壁的损伤更重,术中应注意缩短夹闭颈动脉时间。     

Artisan虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入术及后房型人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术治疗无晶状体眼的比较

目的:比较Artisan虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入术及后房型人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术治疗无晶状体眼的疗效及并发症。方法:2007-03/2009-03我院住院患者中连续24例24眼无后囊膜支持的无晶状体眼患者,随机分为两组。一组11眼行Artisan虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入术,另一组13眼选择后房型人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术。观察手术前及手术后1d;1wk;1mo的裸眼视力(visual acuity,VA)、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、眼压(intraocularpressure,IOP)、角膜内皮细胞计数(corneal endothelial cells,CECs)。结果:两组间比较,术前VA,BCVA,CECs差异无统计学意义,术后BCVA,CECs差异无统计学意义。Artisan组手术后VA优于术前BCVA,差异有统计学意义。睫状沟缝线固定组手术后VA与手术前BCVA差异无统计学意义。两组手术前后IOP差异无统计学意义。结论:Artisan虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入术与后房型人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术都是治疗无晶状体眼有效方法。两者比较,Artisan虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入术手术操作相对简单,组织损伤小,更加安全,是治疗无后囊膜支持的无晶状体眼的比较理想的治疗方法。