Subjects with <Emphasis Type="Italic">TNF-A-857TT</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">-1031TT</Emphasis> genotypes showed the highest <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helicobacter pylori</Emphasis> seropositive rate compared with those with other genotypes

Background A possible association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) A G-308A has been reported in Korea. The present study examined the associations of H. pylori with functional polymorphisms, TNF-A G-308A, C-857T, and T-1031C, and TNF-B A252G in Japanese subjects.Methods The total of 1374 study subjects included 241 outpatients who participated in an H. pylori eradication program (HPE), 679 first-visit outpatients (FVO) at a regional cancer hospital, and 454 local residents who received a health checkup examination (HCE).Results The frequency of the TNF-A -308A allele was only 1.3% of 480 chromosomes in the HPE group, so the FVO and HCE groups were not genotyped for that polymorphism. The genotype frequency of TNF-A C-857T was 69.2% CC, 27.7% CT, and 3.1% TT; that of TNF-A T-1031C was 69.4% TT, 28.1% TC, and 2.5% CC; and that of TNF-B A252G was 36.8% AA, 48.2% AG, and 15.0% GG. TNF-A -857T was tightly linked to TNF-A -1031T and TNF-B 252A. No significant associations between H. pylori seropositivity and polymorphisms of TNF-A C-857T and TNF-B A252G were observed. However, a reduced odds ratio adjusted for sex, age, and recruitment source was observed for TNF-A -1031CC (0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20–0.91) relative to TNF-A -1031TT. Subjects with TNF-A -857CC and -1031CC showed the lowest seropositivity (38.2% of 34 participants), while those with TNF-A -857TT and -1031TT showed the highest (66.7% of 42 participants).Conclusions This study suggests that the possibly high expression genotype of TNF-A may increase susceptibility to persistent H. pylori infection.     

HP感染与c—myc,c—erbB—2蛋白在胃粘膜病变中的表达

为了探讨幽门螺旋杆菌（HeliclbacterPylori，HP）感染与胃癌发生间的关系，我们采用免疫组化法对158例胃粘膜标本进行癌基因c－myc、c－erbB－2蛋白检测、其中胃癌、不典型增生及肠上皮化生各40例，正常对照38例。结果发现，c－myc蛋白在正常胃组织中无表过，c－erbB－2蛋白阳性表达7／38例。两种基因蛋白在不典型增生、肠上皮化生及胃癌中的阳性表达显著高于对照组（P＜0．01～0．05）。应用Giemsa法对上述各组胃粘膜同步进行HP测定，发现正常对照组中的HP阳性检出显著低于不典型增生及肠上皮化生（P＜0．025），而与胃癌组无明显统计学差异（P＞0．05）。联合检测HP与癌基因蛋白发现HP感染与其表达呈正相关。提示HP感染与胃癌发生有一定关系。     

Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease, and its detection and eradication are now an important part of gastroenterology. Effective regimes are available which will eliminate the organism in about 90% of cases in developed countries.     

Helicobacter pylori - dependent intragastric urea biodegradation in children: Diagnostic and pathogenetic importance

Abstract The objective of the present work was to study the relationship between intragastric urea hydrolysis generated by Helicobacter pylori urease and acid-peptic disease in childhood. Intragastric urease activity was examined by urea and ammonia concentration measurement in gastric juice in 91 children with upper abdominal complaints. Helicobacter pylori infection was detected from 70 (76.9%) of 91 patients, including all of the 15 subjects with peptic ulcer disease. Helicobacter pylori -related gastritis in children was associated with a decrease of urea and an increase of ammonia in gastric juice ( P < 0.001) in comparison with H. pylori-negative children. The gastritis score was correlated with the concentrations of urea and ammonia in the gastric juice of patients infected with H. pylori. There was a significant correlation between the histologically detected dissemination of organisms and gastric ammonia levels. Similar results were obtained concerning correlation between gastric juice ammonia and anti- H. pylori specific immunoglobulin G versus highly purified antigen of H. pylori containing urease. Present findings prove that H. pylori plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of gastritis and that ammonia is one of the main pathogenic factors of acid-peptic disease.     

Helicobacter pylori Risk Associated with Sibship Size and Family History of Gastric Diseases in Japanese Adults

Helicobacter pylori is thought to be a cause of gastric cancer. Risk factors of H. pylori positivity were investigated among 4,361 public service workers in Japan. Sera and information on family history and lifestyle were collected, and H. pylori antibody was measured using the sera. Sex- and age-adjusted odds ratios of factors expected to influence H. pylori seropositivity were calculated. The factors with a significant influence were included in a logistic regression model and the final model was obtained by backward elimination. Sibship size (4 and more vs. 1), smoking habit (current vs. never), and paternal and siblings' histories of gastric diseases showed significant relationships to H. pylori seropositivity, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.5 (1.0–2.1), 0.8 (0.7–0.9), 1.5 (1.3–1.8) and 1.7 (1.1–2.6) respectively. However, spouse's history was not related. In the final model, sibship size and paternal history remained as positive factors, and smoking as a negative one. Contradictory results on the relationship between H. pylori status and smoking among recent studies indicate the existence of hidden confounding factors. It is suggested that infection from family members in childhood considerably affects the H. pylori status of Japanese adults, whereas infection between adults is rare.     

Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent cancer in South Korea, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is also common. This study was performed to examine the association between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer, taking into account various other factors. To investigate the association between gastric adenocarcinoma and H. pylori infection, determined by urease-positive reaction in the CLO test, a total of 175 paired specimens (175 tumor and 175 tissues adjacent to tumor) of stomach cancer patients and a total of 113 control specimens were obtained. The positive H. pylori infection rates were 78.9% (138/175) among the patients in specimens of tumor or tissues adjacent to the tumor and 41.6% (47/113) among controls in the CLO test. A positive correlation between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer was observed (age-adjusted odds ratio, 7.0; MH χ²=34.5 with P <0.0005). These data suggest that stomach cancer patients in Korea have high infection rates of H. pylori regardless of site specificity, and this infection might be causally associated with stomach cancer.     

幽门螺杆菌感染与食管癌关系探讨

为了解人群中食管幽门螺杆菌的感染情况及其与食管癌的关系，作者对４３例食管癌病人和１７０例正常人的食管、胃窦部和十二指肠球部的纤支镜活检组织进行幽门螺杆菌快速尿素酶试验，并对食管癌组织中的幽门螺杆菌形态及致病性进行电镜观察。结果发现，正常人群中食管幽门螺杆菌的感染率为２５．３％，食管癌病人的感染率为９０．７％；受幽门螺杆菌感染的食管上皮细胞则发生变性、坏死和增生。作者认为，食管中幽门螺杆菌的感染与食管癌的发生发展有关。     

浙江地区幽门螺杆菌临床菌株空泡毒素基因的变异及其表达活性分析

目的 了解浙江地区消化性溃疡(PU)和慢性胃炎(CG)患者感染幽门螺杆菌(Hp)vacA基因的变异及其空泡毒素表达情况。方法 从70株Hp中选择部分菌株测定其vacA基因的s区和m区核苷酸序列。用细胞培养的方法检测Hp菌株的空泡毒性。结果 6株sla型Hp菌株的s区扩增产物与报道的sla型60190株核苷酸序列相似性为93．2％～98．3％，4株m2型Hp菌株的m区扩增产物与报道的m2型87—203株核苷酸序列之间相似性为93．8％～97．6％。1株m1b型Hp菌株的m区扩增产物与报道的m1型60190株相应序列相似性为87．3％，与m2型87—203株相应序列之间相似性为71．7％。所有5株sla／m1型Hp对HeLa、RK-13和SGC-7901三种细胞均有明显的空泡毒作用；仅27.9％(12／43)的sla／m2型菌株对HeLa细胞表现为空泡毒作用，但分别有65．1％(28／43)和62.8％(27／43)的菌株对RK-13细胞和SGC-7901细胞有空泡毒作用。所有sla／m1b和sla／m1b—m2型Hp菌株对三种细胞均有明显的空泡毒作用，以RK-13细胞计，81.0％(17／21)的sla／m1b型Hp菌株和1株sla／m1b—m2型有空泡毒性。PU组感染的Hp菌株空泡毒性(84．4％)强于CG组(60．5％)，差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。结论 浙江地区患者感染的Hp菌株vacA基因变异主要在于m区。vacA基因空泡毒性的表达在HeLa细胞中低毒性的sla／m2型菌株在RK-13和SGC-7901细胞中仍有较高的空泡毒性。m1b型Hp空泡毒性强度介于m1和m2型之间。PU患者感染的Hp菌株其空泡毒性明显强于CG组。     

彝族儿童幽门螺杆菌感染HLA-DQA1免疫遗传学特征分析

目的研究人类白细胞抗原(HLA)DQA1基因位点上是否存在H.pylori感染的易感基因或抵抗基因，探讨免疫遗传因素在H.pylori感染中的作用。方法用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术对用血清学试验及^13C尿素呼气实验确诊的31例H．pylori感染的彝族儿童及39例无感染儿童进行HLA．DQA1基因分型。结果感染组HLA-DQA1*0102等位基因频率明显高于对照组(14．52％vs3．85％，P=0．025，Pc=0．35)，OR=4．245(95％CI：1．097～16．428)；感染组HLA-DQA1*0302等位基因频率低于对照组(0 vs12．82％，P=0．003，Pc=0．042)，OR=1．147(95％CI：1．053-1．249)。结论在HLA-DQA1位点上，H．pflori感染的彝族儿童与对照组儿童存在免疫遗传学差异，HLA-DQA1*0102基因可能是彝族H．pylori感染的易感基因，而HLA-DQA1*0302基因则可能是抵抗基因和具有免疫抵抗作用。     

幽门螺杆菌中国菌株致病相关基因cagA、iceA、vacA及HP0519分布分析

目的分析中国不同人群及不同胃部疾病病例来源的幽门螺杆菌致病相关基因cagA、iceA、vacA及HP0519的分布.方法采用特异引物聚合酶链式反应（PCR）方法分析150株幽门螺杆菌上述基因的多态性分布特点,并对其分布作初步统计分析.结果93%（139/150）中国菌株cagA基因3′端重复序列的PCR产物具有东方菌株特征.75%（113/150）菌株iceA基因为iceA1,19%（29/150）为iceA2,不同地区间iceA基因的分布差异无统计学意义.云南菌株iceA1、iceA2的分布与菌株分离个体的种族特点及临床疾病类型无显著关系.96%中国菌株（144/150）vacA基因s区的等位基因为s1;m区等位基因m2、m1b和m1b-m2的比例分别为57%（85/150）、27%（41/150）和11%（16/150）,仅2株福建菌株为m1a.不同地区间vacA s1、m2、m1b分布的差异无统计学意义.云南菌株m1b-m2的分布高于福建和北京菌株.云南菌株vacA s区等位基因的多样性与分离个体的种族及临床疾病类型无显著关系.vacA m区等位基因的多样性与分离个体的临床疾病类型无显著关系,但不同民族间m2的分布有显著差异,白族人群m2的分布显著少于汉族和纳西族.93%（140/150）的中国菌株HP0519基因具有24 bp和15 bp DNA插入和缺失的多态性特点.不同地区间HP0519基因的多态性无显著不同.云南菌株HP0519的多态性与菌株分离个体的临床疾病类型无显著关系,但来源不同民族菌株的HP0519基因存在差异.结论幽门螺杆菌中国菌株cagA 3′端JF/TR特异引物的扩增结果具有东亚菌株特点.中国菌株vacA基因多为s1,其分布与菌株分离个体的临床疾病类型无关.中国菌株vacA基因m区的分布具有多样性.中国菌株HP0519基因具有24 bp和15 bp插入和缺失的多态性特点.