神经外科麻醉对体感诱发电位的影响

目的探讨神经外科手术麻醉对体感诱发电位（SEP）的影响,以期为麻醉和手术处理提供依据。方法随机抽取我科17例全麻手术病人,分成颅内疾病手术组（A组）与脊柱、脊髓疾病手术组（B组）,于术前、麻醉（诱导完成）、术始、术中、术毕和术后6个时程连续监测SEP的潜伏期、波幅及波形并记录。结果麻醉后SEP潜伏期延长5.96%,波幅下降24.00%,未出现波形消失的情况。结论麻醉抑制SEP,表现为潜伏期延长和波幅下降,但未出现波形消失的情况。     

异位妊娠的腹腔镜手术临床分析

目的探讨电视腹腔镜手术治疗内出血异位妊娠的安全性和可行性。方法回顾分析2000年8月￣2004年8月该院电视腹腔镜手术治疗的15例伴有内出血的异位妊娠(出血量大于800mL,观察组)及同期30例无明显内出血异位妊娠病人的临床资料(对照组)。结果15例病人均手术成功,无中转开腹及并发症发生,两组手术时间及手术后住院时间均无明显差异。结论随着腹腔镜手术操作技巧、麻醉和监护技术的提高,腹腔镜手术治疗内出血甚至休克型异位妊娠在一定条件下是安全可行的。     

微创锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗胫骨骨折

臀肌挛缩症的手术治疗方法较多,我们采用大转子后上方双侧小“S”微创切口,每侧切口长约2~3 cm,对挛缩组织进行切断,广泛松解,重症患者行臀中小肌“Z”形延长,松解髋关节囊,并行屈膝屈髋、交叉架腿、划圈征等各项指标评价,配合术后早期功能锻炼治疗,效果满意,1997-2005年8月,共收治2 518例患者,重点研究讨论其病因、分类及治疗。1临床资料1·1诊断臀肌挛缩症的诊断包括病史,特别是婴儿期臀部反复肌肉注射史,特有的外“八”字步态,并膝下蹲困难,站立时的尖臀征,快步行走或跑步时呈跳步征。臀部触诊时可触及索带硬块,划圈征、二郎腿试验及平…     

儿童颅骨肿物的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨儿童颅骨肿物的常见病理类型、临床特点和治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析25例手术治疗的儿童颅骨肿物病例，对其临床症状、影像学资料、治疗方法以及生存情况等进行分析研究。结果 全切除手术15例，近全切除手术6例，部分切除手术3例，1例行活检手术。随访20例患儿，85％的患儿手术后基本恢复了正常的生活，2例生活需要照顾，随访期间死亡的患儿1例。结论 儿童颅骨肿物的诊断和治疗相对有别于成人。积极的手术治疗可以达到明确诊断，延缓神经功能缺损的发展，延长患儿的生存期以及美容等目的。     

应用预控出血的包皮中远段环形剥除术治疗包皮过长

Objective To investigate the middle and distal circum peeling with bleeding control technique for redundant prepuce. Methods The middle and distal part of prepuce was eireum peeled with bleeding control and electrical scalpel. More preputial inner plate was reserved. Results From January 2004 to July 2008, 51 patients with redundant prepuce were treated with this procedure. The average blood loss was 1 ～2 ml with minimal edema. The proportion of inner and outer plates was suitable. Conclusions This teelmique has the advantages of minimal blood loss and slight edema. The cosmetic result is also satisfactory.     

超声引导下压迫修复冠脉介入术后假性动脉瘤

目的:探讨超声引导下压迫法修复冠脉介入术后假性动脉瘤的可行性和方法。方法:4例冠脉介入术后腹股沟搏动性肿块患者,经彩色多普勒超声确诊股动脉假性动脉瘤,采用实时超声定位及监测下直接压迫法修复股动脉破裂口。结果:3例股动脉假性动脉瘤在超声引导下压迫修复成功,1例失败,未出现并发症。结论:早期超声引导下压迫法结合绷带加压包扎是治疗冠脉介入术后假性动脉瘤的有效方法,简便安全,值得推广。     

胰腺囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的诊断及外科治疗

目的探讨胰腺囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的诊断和治疗方法。方法对2000年6月～2005年6月复旦大学附属中山医院收治的24例胰腺囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果胰腺囊腺瘤和囊腺癌无特征性临床表现。B超和CT对胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断正确率分别达到88%(21/24)和92%(22/24),但不能准确区分其类型。3例浆液性囊腺瘤未行手术治疗;21例手术者中,行胰十二指肠切除术9例,远端胰腺切除术8例,胰腺节段切除术1例,肿瘤摘除术3例,胰瘘是主要的并发症。本组患者均获随访,3例未手术者肿瘤无增大,1例囊腺癌因复发转移于术后11个月死亡,其余均健在,术后无复发。结论B超和CT是胰腺囊性肿瘤主要的影像学检查方法。黏液性囊性肿瘤以及伴有症状的浆液性囊腺瘤需手术治疗。胰腺囊腺瘤手术切除后可获治愈,囊腺癌术后疗效也较满意。     

脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤的手术治疗(附7例报告)

目的：探讨脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤的手术治疗方法，总结临床治疗经验。方法：回顾性总结1996年1月至2006年8月收治的7例病人，经彩色超声、CT和血管造影检查证实脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤；均在全身麻醉下行动脉瘤切除，5例行脾动脉血管重建，2例同时行脾脏切除。结果：手术后10—14d治愈出院。随访1—9年，1例人工血管转流术后2年死于急性心肌梗塞，余6例均健康生活。无复发。结论：脾动脉起始部真性动脉瘤切除、脾动脉重建是—种较好的治疗方案。     

Microanatomy and surgical approaches to the infratemporal fossa: an anaglyphic three-dimensional stereoscopic printing study.

Objective: The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is a continuation of the temporal fossa between the internal surface of the zygoma and the external surface of the temporal bone and greater wing of the sphenoid bone that is sitting deep to the ramus of the mandible. The principal structure to understanding its relationships is the lateral pterygoid muscle. Other important structures are the medial pterygoid muscle, the maxillary artery, the pterygoid venous plexus, the otic ganglion, the chorda tympani nerve and the mandibular nerve. In this study, we describe the microsurgical anatomy of the ITF, as viewed by step-by-step anatomical dissection and also through the perspective of three lateral approaches and one anterior surgical approach. Methods: Eight cadaver specimens were dissected. In one side of all specimens, an anatomical dissection was done in which a wide preauricular incision from the neck on the anterior border of the sternoclidomastoid muscle at the level of the cricoid cartilage to the superior temporal line was made. The flap was displaced anteriorly and the structures of the neck were dissected followed by a zygomatic osteotomy and dissection of the ITF structures. On the other side were the surgical approaches to the ITF. The combined infratemporal and posterior fossa approach was done in two specimens, the subtemporal preauricular infratemporal fossa approach in two, the zygomatic approach in two, and the lateral transantral maxillotomy in two. The anatomical dissections were documented on the three-dimensional (3D) anaglyphic method to produce stereoscopic prints. Results: The lateral pterygoid muscle is one of the principal structures to enable understanding of the relationships into the ITF. The tendon of the temporal muscle inserts in the coronoid process at the ITF. The maxillary artery is the terminal branch of the external carotid artery that originates at the neck of the mandible and runs into the parotid gland. In our dissections the maxillary artery was lateral to the buccal, lingual, and inferior alveolar nerves. We found the second part of the maxillary artery superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscle in all specimens The anterior and posterior branches of the deep temporal artery supply the temporal muscle. In two cases we found a middle deep temporal artery. The different approaches that we used provided different views of the same anatomical landmarks and this provides not only safer surgery but also the best choice to approach the ITF according with the pathology extension. Conclusions: The ITF is a complex region on the skull base that is affected by benign and malignant tumors. The study through different routes is helpful to disclose the relationship among the anatomical structures. Although the authors have shown four approaches, there are a variety of approaches and even a combination of these can be used. This type of anatomical knowledge is essential to choosing the best approach to treat lesions in this area.