中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷的信效度检验

目的：检验中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷（FMPS）信效度。方法：共有1280名大学本科生作为被试填写了FMPS问卷，其1000名被试的数据用于探索性因素分析，另外280名被试的数据用于验证性因素分析。部分被试被要求填写测量焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰的问卷，作为效标效度检验。结果：中文版Frost多维度完美主义问卷由五个维度组成。各维度的项目载荷在0．45—0．78之间。五个因素（担心错误、条理性、父母期望、个人标准和行动的疑虑）可以解释总方差的53．7％。各维度的内部一致性系数为0．64-0．81。重测信度为0．63-0．82。中文FMPS与焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰也有屉著的相关，其中“担心错误”和“行动的疑虑”与各种心理困扰的相关系数在0．30—0．70之间。结论：中文FMPS的维度结构与其英文原问卷相似，且具有令人满意的信效度。适合在中国文化环境下使用。     

基因组序列CGR图形表示的多重分形分析

为了更好地描述基因组序列CGR(chaos-game representation)图形的分形特征,引入多重分形理论进行分析。通过研究3种概率集对标度不变性范围的影响,选取出标度不变性最好的概率集,计算光滑的广义维数谱和多重分形谱。结果表明:以相对概率组成概率集时标度不变性最好,而且标度不变性随尺度变化可被分为3个不同的区域,这反映了基因组序列不同长度的序列片段有不同的分布规律。可见,多重分形方法可以用于描述基因组序列CGR图形的分形特征。     

中国少年智力量表的信度研究

目的：对中国少年智力量表（CISJ）进行信度分析。方法：采用分半相关、Alpha系数和复测相关等方法对CISJ常模样本资料作统计分析。结果：①分半信度：各分测验及言语、操作和总量表的分半相关系数在0．39-0.92之间，其中各常模年龄组样本，城镇为0．39～0.91、农村为0.42～0.92，而城镇总样本、农村总样本和全体样本则分别为0.57-0．88、0.63～0．90和0.61-0.89。②Alpha系数分析：除4个系数偏低（0.29～0．39）外，其余都比较高，在0.41-0.84之间，0．50以上的达到95％。③复测信度：各分测验及言语、操作、智力因素量表分数和智商的相关系数在0.47-0．85之间；除数字背诵分测验为0.47外，其余均在0．69以上。结论：CISJ具有较高的内部稳定性和复测一致性，是信度比较理想的智力量表。     

职业过劳测验的编制

目的:编制职业过劳测验.方法:将职业过劳测验、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、明尼苏达工作满意度问卷-短式修订版、一般自我效能感量表对162名销售人员进行测量.结果:职业过劳测验包含精疲力竭和焦虑两个因素,它们与人格、工作满意度、自我效能感和销售业绩排名之间存在复杂的关系.结论:职业过劳测验信度、效度较好,适用于实际测量.     

强迫症疾病行为的精神病理机制研究

目的对研究获得的强迫症疾病行为特征探索其精神病理学机制。方法以符合CCMD-Ⅱ的门诊强迫症患者50例为对象，选取非精神科病人50例组成对照，应用“强迫症疾病行为特征量表（OBPS）”，确定其有无强迫症疾病行为。同时调查研究组与对照组的人格特质、偶发事件、应对策略等方面，研究这些因素在疾病发生、发展中的作用。结果①研究组全部符合李一高量表的疾病行为特征，积分明显高于对照组（t=26．480，P〈0．01）；②强迫症患者人格当中的强迫质偏高，积分明显高于对照组（t=15．93，P〈0．01）；③研究组中绝大多数患者存在偶发事件，而对照组中偶发事件的发生率低于研究组（X^2=21．374，P〈0．01）；④应对策略特征方面研究组不成熟应对方式的应用明显多于对照组。结论强迫神经症形成中人格特质作为基础，偶发事件起到启动对“不完全的恐怖”，错误的应对策略不断强化病感，促进疾病形成。李一高强迫症疾病行为理论的3项内容，特征性的反映了强迫症的疾病行为。     

Reversible “locked-in” syndromes

Two young patients are described who made good recoveries from a locked-in syndrome presumed to be due to ventral pontine ischemia. The first patient recovered completely from quadriplegia and mutism. In the second patient the only permanent sequellae were slight dysarthria and mild spasticity. Since patients may recover nearly completely from a locked-in syndrome, aggressive supportive therapy seems justified during the initial weeks or months.     

Post-traumatic diffuse brain swelling: isolated or associated with cerebral axonal injury

Eighteen children with severe head injuries and diffuse brain swelling were studied. They were separated into two groups based on the computed tomography (CT) findings. Seven patients had small ventricles in the normal location and small or absent cisterns. Eleven had these signs plus small deep-seated intraparenchymal hemorrhagic foci and/or intraventricular hemorrhage. Patients in the first group were in relatively good neurological condition; their intracranial pressure was easily controlled and all had a favourable outcome. On contrast, children in the second group had a more severe clinical presentation, frequently had uncontrollable intracranial hypertension, and more than 50% died.     

Review of 1,000 consecutive cases of severe head injury treated before the advent of CT scanning

Summary This is a review of 1,000 consecutive cases of severe head injury admitted to our Neurosurgical Department between January 1973 and August 1976, before the advent of CT scanning. All patients were comatose following head injury (GCS8) and were treated homogeneously by the same neurosurgical team by a protocol that included immediate resuscitation on arrival, diagnosis of intracranial lesions by angiography, early surgery when needed, mechanical ventilation, steroids, and mannitol. Extracranial lesions, even if preponderant, were treated by various specialists in the Neurosurgical Department, which for all practical purposes operated as an Emergency Department. Admission criteria were very broad with no preadmission selection. The overall mortality for this series was 45%. A little less than half the patients made good recoveries or remained moderately disabled (47%); 6% were severely disabled, and 2% survived in a persistent vegetative state. More than two-thirds of the patients were brought to our Neurosurgical Department after a short stay at a general hospital; 72% were admitted within 6 hours of injury; 71% were traffic accident victims; and 34% had significant associated extracranial injuries. Carotid angiography was performed in 78% of the patients and indicated the presence of an intracranial haematoma requiring surgery in 36% of the whole series. Mortality was significantly higher in operated than in unoperated patients (56% versus 39%); those treated surgically, however, were older, in worse clinical condition, and showed a higher incidence of acute subdural haematomas associated with brain contusion. Carotid angiography proved very effective in revealing the presence of an expansive lesion but failed to reflect the severity of brain damage, since the group with negative angiograms showed a high mortality (52%). Patients with a lucid interval had a higher percentage of surgical lesions than those with immediate coma (58% versus 26%); but fully 42% of them did not require surgery, and 25% had negative angiograms. From the prognostic point of view the clinical data elicited after initial resuscitation were highly predictive of the outcome: some individual neurological signs, such as mydriasis, posturing and eye movements, were not inferior to the GCS score in that respect. Age also proved a strong predictor, since elderly patients are more likely to have severe subdural and parenchymal lesions and their clinical severity is accordingly greater.Our series amounts to a data bank of cases both contemporary to and in good agreement with that collected by Jennett and his associates in their 1977 multinational study; and it affords a useful reference in the assessment of epidemiological variations and alternative management in relation to outcome.     

RBRVS-KPI模式下公立医院绩效考核体系构建及应用

目的探讨如何将以资源为基础的相对价值比率（RBRVS）与关键绩效指标法（KPI）相结合,运用于公立医院绩效考核体系实践中。方法分析样本医院绩效考核体系的应用效果,根据医院总体目标,经过点值测算、指标选择,建立了一套具有医院特色的改良型RBRVS-KPI模式绩效考核体系。结果经实践,医疗质量和运行效率大幅度提高,在一定程度上促进了医院管理的精细化。结论RBRVS-KPI模式下的绩效考核体系较唯财务导向的绩效模式更能体现医护人员劳动价值,值得探索与推广。