运动员成功感量表的初步编制

目的 为运动员成功心理潜能的研究与训练提供有效的评价工具。方法根据心理问卷的编制原则，在调查研究的基础卜编制了运动员成功感量表，依照“设计测验题目、预备性测试与分析、正式测试”步骤进行研究．．结果通过因素分析，在53个测试条目中选取35个条目（因子负荷在0．4以上）作为正式量表内容条目，以特征值大于1为标准，抽取4个因子：成功感、自我满意感、积极情感体验和投入体验；量表四个因子维度与总分相关系数在0．578-0．784之间（P〈0．01）；运动员成功感量表与自我评价问卷及自尊量表存在着一定程度的相关性；量表α系数介于0．673-0．738之间（P〈0．01）；量表分半相关系数为0．858（P〈0．01）；重测相关系数0．730-0．894之间（P〈0．01）。结论量表比较符合设计构想，可以用来对运动员进行客观评价。     

No difference in symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome between healthy subjects and patients with recurrent depression in remission

There is bidirectional comorbidity between anxiety/depression and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). To investigate the prevalence of IBS symptoms, and factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with recurrent depressive disorder. Patients (n = 95) with recurrent type of major depression according to DSM-IV criteria and sex- and age-matched controls (n = 190) were sent questionnaires investigating symptoms of IBS [Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS)-IBS] and symptoms of anxiety and depression [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)]. Medical records were checked over a 10-year period for chronic somatic symptoms or diseases. Seventy-three patients with unipolar disorder (mean age 63.6 years SD 13.8; range 23-86 years) and 156 controls (mean age 59.2 years SD 11.6, range 21-85 years) responded. Patients with recurrent depression had higher GSRS-IBS scores and showed a strong correlation between symptoms of IBS and anxiety-depression (r(s) = 0.54; P < 0.001). IBS symptoms were also associated with multiple pain symptoms, higher health-seeking behaviour and selective-serotonin-reuptake inhibitor intake. However, patients with recurrent depression (n = 46) in remission (HADS-Depression score <8) did not have more symptoms of IBS than controls (GSRS-IBS median score 6.0 vs 6.5; P = 0.46). There is a strong association between symptoms of IBS and symptoms of anxiety and depression, whereas depressive patients in remission do not have more IBS symptoms than controls.     

Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): Process, format, and clinimetric testing plan.

This article presents the revision process, major innovations, and clinimetric testing program for the Movement Disorder Society (MDS)-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), known as the MDS-UPDRS. The UPDRS is the most widely used scale for the clinical study of Parkinson's disease (PD). The MDS previously organized a critique of the UPDRS, which cited many strengths, but recommended revision of the scale to accommodate new advances and to resolve problematic areas. An MDS-UPDRS committee prepared the revision using the recommendations of the published critique of the scale. Subcommittees developed new material that was reviewed by the entire committee. A 1-day face-to-face committee meeting was organized to resolve areas of debate and to arrive at a working draft ready for clinimetric testing. The MDS-UPDRS retains the UPDRS structure of four parts with a total summed score, but the parts have been modified to provide a section that integrates nonmotor elements of PD: I, Nonmotor Experiences of Daily Living; II, Motor Experiences of Daily Living; III, Motor Examination; and IV, Motor Complications. All items have five response options with uniform anchors of 0 = normal, 1 = slight, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, and 4 = severe. Several questions in Part I and all of Part II are written as a patient/caregiver questionnaire, so that the total rater time should remain approximately 30 minutes. Detailed instructions for testing and data acquisition accompany the MDS-UPDRS in order to increase uniform usage. Multiple language editions are planned. A three-part clinimetric program will provide testing of reliability, validity, and responsiveness to interventions. Although the MDS-UPDRS will not be published until it has successfully passed clinimetric testing, explanation of the process, key changes, and clinimetric programs allow clinicians and researchers to understand and participate in the revision process.     

老年慢病共存患者治疗负担量表的研制

背景 老年慢病共存患者治疗负担重,准确、有效评估患者治疗负担可为个性化干预方案制定、干预效果评价提供至关重要的评估工具,但目前尚无本土化的老年慢病共存患者治疗负担量表。目的 研制老年慢病共存患者治疗负担量表并检验其信效度,为科学评价老年慢病共存患者干预措施的效果提供合适的评估工具。方法 通过文献分析和患者访谈构建量表的条目池,通过专家咨询的方式形成初始量表。通过预测试,对初始量表条目的语义、最佳表达方式等做出修改。于2021年9—11月,采用便利抽样法选取老年慢病共存患者294名,使用项目分析和探索性因子分析对初始量表进行条目筛选,形成测试版量表。于2021年11月至2022年1月,采用便利抽样法选择老年慢病共存患者316名,使用信度、效度、可行性对测试版量表进行科学性考评,最终形成正式版量表。结果正式版老年慢病共存患者治疗负担量表包括33个条目、7个维度,7个维度分别为经济负担、自我管理负担、获得医疗服务负担、药物管理负担、药物不良反应负担、社交负担、心理负担。验证性因子分析结果显示,χ2/df=1.506,比较拟合指数（CFI）=0.933,非规准适配指数（TLI）=0.925,标...     

A Multi-Response Analysis of Learned Heart Rate Control

Thirty college students were classified on the basis of cold-pressor blood pressure responses and then randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. One group merely tracked a visual analog display of their heart rate (tracking group). A second group attempted to increase and decrease its heart rate without the visual display (no-feedback group). A third group attempted to increase and decrease their heart rates with the aid of the visual heart rate display (feedback group). Results indicated that the heart rate changes produced by both the feedback and no-feedback groups were significantly greater than those observed in the tracking group. There was no significant difference between the former two groups. Results also demonstrated that high cold-pressor reactors were able to produce significantly larger heart rate changes than the low reactor subjects. A correlational analysis of physiological responses accompanying heart rate change suggested that the response topographies of the high and low cold-pressor reactors differed as well. Finally, results indicated no relationship between coronary-prone personality characteristics, as measured by the Jenkins Activity Scale, and either cold-pressor reactivity or heart rate control performance.     

中国少年智力量表(CISJ)编制及其常模

目的:编制一套适用于我国少年期的智力量表。方法:以年龄10～15岁少年为对象,参考第五次人口抽样调查资料,按分层随机原则取样,根据测验结果和标准化程序建立常模。结果:总体样本取得的原始分,按城乡各7个常模年龄组,分别换算出各分测验的量表分,然后建立了总体样本的智商、能力商、智力因素商和智商百分位等常模。样本智商接近于正态分布。信度和效度较高。结论:CISJ可以作为智力诊断工具应用于临床。     

戴维斯在线认知问卷在538名医学生中的试用

目的:建立戴维斯在线认知问卷中文版,并测试其信度和效度。方法:538名学生完成了戴维斯在线认知问卷,统计分析量表的信度和效度,并进行验证性因子分析。结果:戴维斯在线认知问卷中文版内部一致性系数为0.937,重测信度为0.905;验证性因子分析表明,各条目对4个一阶因子的标准负荷系数在0.423~0.814之间,4个一阶因子对上一级潜在因子的标准负荷系数在0.741~0.971之间;整体模式的适配度指标均符合心理测量学要求(RMSEA=0.012,GFI=0.943,NFI=0.931,CFI=0.994)。结论:戴维斯在线认知问卷中文版具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为一种较好的网络成瘾程度评价工具在我国青少年中使用。     

情绪调节量表在青少年人群中的试用

目的:考察情绪调节量表在青少年人群中的信度和效度。方法:对789名中学生施测情绪调节量表,对测试结果进行信、效度分析。结果:情绪调节量表表达抑制维度的α系数为0.77,重新评价维度的α系数为0.83。验证性因素分析的结果显示,标准测量模型与实际数据的拟合程度良好,各项目均在对应的维度上具有0.45以上的完全标准化载荷值。对两个维度的关系进行考察,结果显示独立模型与标准测量模型之间无显著差异。不同年级的学生在两种情绪调节策略的使用上没有显著差异,男生较女生更多使用表达抑制策略。结论:情绪调节量表在青少年人群中具有良好的心理测量学品质,可以在进一步的研究中使用。     

中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷的信效度检验

目的：检验中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷（FMPS）信效度。方法：共有1280名大学本科生作为被试填写了FMPS问卷，其1000名被试的数据用于探索性因素分析，另外280名被试的数据用于验证性因素分析。部分被试被要求填写测量焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰的问卷，作为效标效度检验。结果：中文版Frost多维度完美主义问卷由五个维度组成。各维度的项目载荷在0．45—0．78之间。五个因素（担心错误、条理性、父母期望、个人标准和行动的疑虑）可以解释总方差的53．7％。各维度的内部一致性系数为0．64-0．81。重测信度为0．63-0．82。中文FMPS与焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰也有屉著的相关，其中“担心错误”和“行动的疑虑”与各种心理困扰的相关系数在0．30—0．70之间。结论：中文FMPS的维度结构与其英文原问卷相似，且具有令人满意的信效度。适合在中国文化环境下使用。     

基因组序列CGR图形表示的多重分形分析

为了更好地描述基因组序列CGR(chaos-game representation)图形的分形特征,引入多重分形理论进行分析。通过研究3种概率集对标度不变性范围的影响,选取出标度不变性最好的概率集,计算光滑的广义维数谱和多重分形谱。结果表明:以相对概率组成概率集时标度不变性最好,而且标度不变性随尺度变化可被分为3个不同的区域,这反映了基因组序列不同长度的序列片段有不同的分布规律。可见,多重分形方法可以用于描述基因组序列CGR图形的分形特征。