富集CD34~ 细胞作干细胞移植的临床初步探索

目的　观察富集CD34 的造血干 /祖细胞做肿瘤患者同种异基因造血干细胞移植 (Allo HSCT)和自体移植的临床疗效。观察输注纯化CD34 细胞患者的预后情况。方法　采用磁分选临床型细胞富集仪将表面包被有CD34单抗的磁性微球体系与细胞共同培养 ,特异性结合CD34 细胞。在磁场作用下分别收集CD34 和CD34-组分。完成 2 0例患者CD34 细胞体外纯化富集。其中HLA半相合移植 5例 ,自体移植 15例。结果　纯化后CD34 细胞纯度达 97%以上 ,移植CD34 细胞中位数 5 .72 (0 .15～ 12 .0 )× 10 6,CD34 细胞中位数 3.73(2 .6～ 6 .8)× 10 4 ;CD34-细胞 (CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19)对数去除率 (Log,下同 )为 1.99～ 5 .0。 19例患者移植后随访 11个月 (中位数 ,1～ 2 0 ) ,总体生存13/ 19(例 )。本院 11例中 ,总体生存为 8/ 11(例 ) ,其中HLA半相合 1/ 3(例 ) ,自体移植 7/ 8(例 )。移植后造血重建迅速 ,随访 18个月以上无病生存者 3例中 1例为同种异基因HLA半相合亲属移植 ,2例为肿瘤自体移植。 1例父子间HLA半相合移植 ,白细胞恢复 >1× 10 9/L ,血小板 >2 0× 10 9/L(均为移植后第 13天 )。仅有短暂的I度移植物抗宿主疾病。 2例自体移植病例白细胞恢复 >1× 10 9/L(8～ 2 6d) ,血小板恢复 >2 0× 10 9/L(2 2～ 35d)。结论     

乳腺及甲状腺病变针吸细胞学AgNOR诊断价值的研究

目的 探讨核仁组成区嗜银颗粒的计数对于区别乳腺及甲状腺良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法 采用针吸细胞技术对乳腺及甲状腺病变穿刺标本进行核心仁组成区嗜银颗粒定量分析研究。结果 ４３例不同类型乳腺癌,嗜银颗粒平均值４．４０（Ｐ〈０．０１）,１２例乳腺上皮良性增生,平均值２．９０,４５例不同类型甲状腺癌,嗜银颗粒平均值３．５０（Ｐ〈０．０１）,１０例甲状腺上皮良性增生,平均值１．７７,良,恶性肿瘤细嗜银颗粒的     

The effect of TGFβ1 on murine tumor growth following direct intratumoral injection of plasmid DNA

In order to investigate TGFβ1 gene expression and its effect on murine tumor growth following direct intratumoral injection of naked plasmid DNA encoding human TGFβ1, LM₃ murine lung adenocarcinoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously to T₇₃₉ mice and grew to tumor nodules in 2 weeks. Multiple direct intratumoral injection of plasmid DNA, PMAMneo- TGFβ1, were given and compared with saline or vector plasmid administration groups. The growth of tumor was observed till the 8th week when the mice were killed for Northern blot analysis and histopathological study of tumoral tissue. The results showed that the growth of tumor was boosted in the TGFβ1 gene treated mice as compared with the control groups, whereas there was no significant difference in the metastatic behavior. Northern blot showed efficient expression of TGFβ1 mRNA in the treated group. The present study indicated that TGFβ1 may stimulate tumor growthin vivo through certain mechanisms. And direct intra-tumoral injection of nude plasmid DNA may be a promising gene transfer strategyin vivo. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39370761).     

Human leukocyte interferon-α in cream,for the treatment of genital warts in asian women a placebo-controlled,double-blind study

The purpose of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to determine and compare the clinical efficacy and tolerance of human leukocyte -interferon (incorporated 2 × 10⁶ IU/g) in hydrophilic cream to cure genital warts. Preselected Asian female patients (n=150) aged 18–40 years (mean 22.5), with the clinical and biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of genital warts (mean 2.64), predominantly flat vaginal condylomas, were randomly allocated to 3 parallel groups. Each patient was given a coded tube containing 80 g placebo/active preparation with a graduated applicator. Patients were instructed to inject 6 g of the either alloted placebo/active cream deep into the vagina thrice a day for 3 consecutive days (group A) or 4 consecutive days (group B) per week, and if not cured the same treatment was extended to 3 more weeks (maximum 4 weeks active treatment). To assess the clinical efficacy patients were examined on a week-to-week basis. A total clearance of warts (biopsy-confirmed) was evaluated as a complete cure. Patients cured during the treatment were spared further treatment and were requested to visit us after 16 weeks for relapse control. As for the remaining patients, empty tubes were collected, and similarly coded replacement tubes were given for further treatment (in total 588 tubes were used). By the end of the treatment 57.2% lesions (227/397) were eliminated in all the groups: 48% patients in group A, 90% patients in group B, and 10% patients in placebo groups taken as completely cured. Of the 150 patients 128 (85.3%) did not complain of any drug-related adverse symptoms. Transitory increase in body temperature (mean 38.4°C), accompanied by headache (14.6%) and generalized itching (6.6%) were the most frequently reported side effects; however, treatment was well tolerated by all the patients, and there were no dropouts. Our findings indicate that clinical efficacy is dose dependent, that is, the results of group B were significantly superior to that of group A (P < 0.05). Of the 49.3% cured patients (74/150) followed up for 6 months (monthly basis) seven had a relapse, and none had reinfection. It is concluded that clinical efficacy of leukocyte interferon-a to cure genital warts is dose dependent. These results further support the view that leukocyte interferon-a incorporated in hydrophilic cream can be considered a reliable, safe, and home-based treatment to cure vulvar and vaginal warts.Abbreviation HPV human papillomavirus     

乳腺良恶性病变中纤维连接蛋白的分布

目的观察乳腺良恶性病变中纤维连接蛋白（ＦＮ）的分布,探讨它与乳腺癌分化、浸润、转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法,对乳腺良恶性病变纤维连接蛋白进行半定量研究。结果乳腺癌及淋巴结转移细胞ＦＮ呈强阳性表达,而基膜ＦＮ及间质ＦＮ普遍减少甚至缺乏。结论细胞ＦＮ可能是乳腺癌的一个标记物,间质ＦＮ及基膜ＦＮ减少有利于乳腺癌浸润、转移。     

High-frequency ultrasound examination of the wrist and hand

High-frequency ultrasound (US) is an efficient, rapid and inexpensive altenative to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for investigation of diseases in the soft tissues of the wrist and hand. US allows detection of foreign bodies and the reliable identification of a variety of traumatic lesions affecting tendons, annular pulleys, ligaments, vessels and nerves. Inflammatory diseases of tendons, including acute and chronic tenosynovitis and some degenerative conditions in the wrist and hand, can also be diagnosed. In entrapment neuropathies, US is able to identify nerve shape changes and possible extrinsic space-occupying lesions that may cause nerve compression within the tunnels. In patients with localized swelling of the hand or wrist, US is able to assess the presence of an expansile lesion and to characterize its nature in most cases. The objective of this article is to review the main findings and the primary indications of US in the investigation of disorders of the hand and wrist. Received: 10 September 1998 Accepted: 24 November 1998     

MR imaging of the male pelvis

Prostate and urinary bladder cancer are the most frequently encountered malignancies of the urinary tract. Appropriate use of the different imaging techniques is crucial for accurate assessment of prognosis and for the development of appropriate treatment planning. Especially determination of local tumor extension and detection of nodal or bone metastases is extremely important. In this regard MR imaging is the most promising imaging technique. Therefore, in this review its role in staging these malignancies is evaluated and compared with clinical staging, and other imaging techniques. Finally, future developments, such as new sequences, new contrast agents, the role of surface coils and MR-guided biopsy, are considered. Also, the preferred radiological approach is discussed.     

MR imaging of the chest: Mediastinum and chest wall

This review presents the options and limitations of MRI in non-vascular diseases of the mediastinum and the chest wall. In numerous thoracic pathologies, MRI is a useful supplement to spiral CT. This imaging procedure also allows a contrast-media-free differentiation of solid tumors and vascular lesions (e. g., aortic aneurysms). The advantages of MRI over CT are particularly useful when multiplanar tumor imaging is required prior to surgery to establish the exact spatial relationship between tumor and the other mediastinal structures. Primary indications for MRI in diseases of the mediastinum and chest wall are therefore: (a) tumors of the posterior mediastinum for determining their position in relation to the neural foramina and the spinal canal; (b) chest wall tumors; (c) preoperative multiplanar imaging of primary mediastinal tumors; and (d) contraindications against CT exams with iodine contrast media.     

Dynamic assessment of pelvic floor function in women using the intravaginal device test

The aim of the study was to assess pelvic floor function and dysfunction using intravaginal devices (IVD test). One hundred and eighty-five patients were evaluated, 65 (35.1%) in the control group without genital prolapse and 120 (64.9%) in the study group, with prolapse. Anatomic changes were evaluated on a scale described by Halban, and functional classification based on palpation of the muscles of the pelvic floor during contraction. Additionally, weighted vaginal devices were used to assess pelvic floor function. Statistic analysis was performed with the Spearman-Pearson correlation coefficient, the ² test and the response/ operator characteristic curve. There was an acceptable correlation between the IVD test and the functional classification of 0.75. Using this classification, the IVD test showed 86.58% sensitivity, 75.72% specificity, and had a positive predictive value 73.95% and a negative predictive value of 87.64%. Significant differences between pelvic floor muscle activity in those patients with and without genital prolapse were observed (X²=58.28, P=<0.005). It was concluded that pelvic floor assessment can be done through the evaluation of active muscle strength or pelvic floor integrity using the functional classification and the IVD test.EDITORIAL COMMENT: In 1988, Peattie and Plevnick introduced the use of weighted vaginal cones to exercise the pelvic floor muscles and treat stress urinary incontinence [1]. Contreras-Ortiz and Nuñez build on this earlier work, using a similar technique to assess pelvic floor muscle function and integrity. Specifically, pelvic floor function is assessed by a combination of digital palpation of the pubococcygeus muscle at rest and during contraction; pelvic floor integrity is assessed by the patient's ability to retain a weighted cone vaginally for 1 minute. Scoring of these two parameters can then be objectively followed for therapeutic response to treatment for urinary incontinence or pelvic relaxation. Many of us forget to palpate the pubococcygeus muscle at rest and during an elicited contraction during baseline or follow-up examination. As this study indicates, simple assessment of pelvic floor function and integrity is possible, and should be used both clinically and in research.     

Ureaplasma urealyticum infection in newborns: Three case reports

We report three newborns with different manifestations ofUreaplasma urealyticum infection; a term newborn with acute neonatal pneumonia and two very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteomyelitis of the femur, respectively. The association ofU. urealyticum with acute and chronic respiratory disease in term and preterm newborns has recently been reported. Our two cases are similar to other case reports from the literature, but we were unable to find any previous reports of osteomyelitis due toU. urealyticum in the premature babies. Isolation ofU. urealyticum in pure culture from the blood was considered to be related to local infection in all three patients. All patients were cured by erythromycin.