Effects of mouthwash interventions on xerostomia and unstimulated whole saliva flow rate among hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study

BackgroundDry mouth (xerostomia) is a common symptom in hemodialysis patients, which is associated with a reduced salivary flow. Xerostomia affects patients’ oral health and quality of life.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate using a mouthwash as a means to reduce xerostomia and improve saliva flow rates in hemodialysis patients.DesignA randomized controlled trial.Settings and methodsThree dialysis centers in Northern Taiwan served as the study sites. Patients were purposively sampled from three hemodialysis centers in Taiwan and randomly assigned to one of three groups: pure water mouthwash; n = 41, licorice mouthwash; n = 44, or no mouthwash (control); n = 37. The Summated Xerostomia Inventory, and unstimulated whole salivary flow rate measured dry mouth and salivary flow, respectively. Data was collected at baseline, dialysis Day 5 and Day 10.ResultsOne hundred twenty-two patients participated in this study. Baselines were adjusted for any imbalances in variables and generalized estimating equations analysed the data. Compared to control, a pure water mouthwash resulted in an increase in the unstimulated salivary flow rate of 25.85 × 10⁻³ mL/min and 25.78 × 10⁻³ mL/min (p < 0.05) at Day 5 and Day 10, respectively. The estimated effect size was 1.38. However, there was no significant decrease in Summated Xerostomia Inventory scores. The licorice mouthwash also significantly improved the unstimulated salivary flow rates to 114.92 × 10⁻³ mL/min, and 131.61 × 10⁻³ mL/min at Day 5 and Day 10, respectively (p < 0.001). However, in contrast to the pure water mouthwash, the licorice mouthwash resulted in a significant improvement in the scores for the Summated Xerostomia Inventory (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough a pure water or a licorice mouthwash and improved the objective measure of salivary flow rate, only the licorice mouthwash provided subjective relief of xerostomia. This suggests the use of a licorice mouthwash may effectively relieve feelings of dry mouth in hemodialysis patients.     

金栀洁龈含漱液联合米诺环素治疗慢性牙周炎的临床研究

目的 探讨金栀洁龈含漱液联合米诺环素治疗慢性牙周炎的临床疗效.方法 选取2020年3月—2021年8月在新乡医学院第三附属医院收治的122例慢性牙周炎患者,共有患牙183颗,根据随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各有61例.对照组将盐酸米诺环素软膏注入牙周袋内,略有溢出,1次/周.治疗组在对照组基础上给予金...