Lipidomic analysis reveals the significant increase in diacylglycerophosphocholines in umbilical cord blood from pregnant women with gestational hypercholesterolemia

Gestational hypercholesterolemia has been recognized as a risk factor of some pregnancy complications. We supposed that maternal hypercholesterolemia modified the lipid profile of the fetus. Thirty pregnant women with hypercholesterolemia and matched controls were recruited and cord blood was sampled. Lipidomic analysis was used to evaluate the lipid profile change between the two groups. The results showed that the content of diacylglycerophosphocholines (PC) was significantly high in cord blood from hypercholesterolemic pregnant women. PC (16:0/20:4) and PC (18:0/20:4) were selected as the most important lipid species in cord plasma and their contents were positively related to the total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in cord blood. The contents of these two PCs were significantly higher in the hypercholesterolemic group than in the control group. These results suggested that gestational hypercholesterolemia might program the phospholipid metabolism in offspring.     

HIV GP120对人和无脊椎动物免疫细胞的抑制作用

通过人工合成了人类免疫缺陷性病毒（Ｈｕｍａｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｄｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｖｉｒｕｓ，ＨＩＶ）糖蛋白肽ＧＰ１２０对人和无脊椎动物（Ｍｙｔｉｌｕｓｅｄｕｌｉｓ）免疫细胞的抑制作用的研究。人单核细胞和Ｍｙｔｉｌｕｓｅｄｕｌｉｓ免疫细胞分别与ＧＰ１２０保温后，均抑制细胞的吞噬细菌（Ｐｓｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｔｒｅｔｚｉ）作用。应用计算机显微图像术（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ）直     

Co-expressing GP5 and M proteins under different promoters in recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara (rMVA)-based vaccine vector enhanced the humoral and cellular immune responses of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has three major structural proteins which designated as GP5, M, and N. Protein GP5 and M have been considered very important to arouse the humoral and cellular immune responses against PRRSV infection and proposed to be the excellent candidate proteins in the design of PRRS bioengineering vaccine. There were some attempts on expressing GP5 or M in DNA vaccine and adenovirus to arouse humoral and cellular immune responses, but few papers have been reported on that the immune response can be difference because of the expression patterns of GP5 and M proteins in the recombinant virus. In this article, four recombinant viruses that expressed GP5 and M proteins of PRRSV in the modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA) with different expression patterns were made. In these recombinant virus (rMVAs), GP5 and M proteins were expressed in MVA in the same virus but under the control of two promoters (rMVA-GP5/M), or as a fusion protein under one promoter (rMVA-GP5-M), or separately (rMVA-GP5 and rMVA-M). The humoral and cellular immune responses for the four recombinant viruses were evaluated with mouse model. Every mouse was inoculated with 5 × 10⁵ TCID₅₀ of the different rMVAs and boosted 3 weeks later. Neutralizing antibody titers for each group were detected with virus neutralization test assay weekly after the primary inoculation for 13 weeks to evaluate the humoral immune response. The production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) was detected in splenocytes of rMVA-inoculated mice at 30, 60, and 90 days post inoculation to evaluate the cellular immune response. Results showed that rMVA-GP5 and rMVA-M cannot induce obvious humoral and cellular immune responses; rMVA-GP5-M inoculated group developed better immune responses than rMVA-GP5 and rMVA-M inoculated groups; however, mice inoculated with rMVA-GP5/M maintained the strongest cellular response against PRRS and consistently enhanced the anti-PRRSV humoral responses. The strategy of co-expressing PRRSV GP5 and M protein in MVA under the control of different promoters might be an attractive method for future PRRSV vaccine design. Co-first authors have same contribution for this article.     

In vivo analysis of the cell cycle dependent association of the bovine papillomavirus E2 protein and ChlR1

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was previously implicated as one of the cellular pathways involved in filoviral glycoprotein mediated viral entry into target cells. Here we have further dissected the requirements for different components of this pathway in Ebola versus Marburg virus glycoprotein (GP) mediated viral infection. Although a number of these components were involved in both cases; Ebola GP-dependent viral entry specifically required the cargo recognition proteins Eps15 and DAB2 as well as the clathrin adaptor protein AP-2. In contrast, Marburg GP-mediated infection was independent of these three proteins and instead required beta-arrestin 1 (ARRB1). These findings have revealed an unexpected difference between the clathrin pathway requirements for Ebola GP versus Marburg GP pseudovirion infection. Anthrax toxin also uses a clathrin-, and ARRB1-dependent pathway for cellular entry, indicating that the mechanism used by Marburg GP pseudovirions may be more generally important for pathogen entry.     

血小板特异性抗体及HLA抗体引起血小板输注无效的研究

目的分析血小板输注无效（PTR）患者血小板同种抗体,并对其HPA及HLA-Ⅰ类抗原进行基因分型,探讨血小板输注无效与血小板同种抗原／HLA—Ⅰ类抗原相关性。方法应用ELISA方法对17例血小板输注无效患者血清中的血小板抗体进行检测;运用PCR—SSP方法,采用HPA分型试剂盒检测血小板同种抗原7个抗原系统HPA-1、2、3、4、5、6、15,以及HLA分型试剂盒对HLA—A／B抗原进行基因分型。结果6名患者单独表达HLA抗体,4名患者表达血小板特异性糖蛋白抗体,3例HLA抗体和血小板特异性糖蛋白抗体共同表达．其中以GPⅡb／Ⅲa为主。对17例患者HPA系统和HLA-Ⅰ类抗原基因分型,发现HPA-3系统中a的基因频率高达0．676,b为0．324;HLA—A＊02、HLA—A＊24、HLA—A＊11和HLA—B＊60、HLA—B＊13、HLA—B＊46多见。结论HLA抗体和血小板特异性糖蛋白抗体表达引起血小板输注无效,了解胛R与HPA／HLA—Ⅰ类抗原的相关性对指导临床血小板配合性输注具有重要意义。     

子痫前期及子痫期患者联合检测血小板膜糖蛋白及凝血酶原的临床意义

目的研究子痫前期及子痫期患者血管内皮损伤和血小板活化状态及凝血系统活跃程度。方法采用全血流式细胞术分别检测32例重度子痫前期／子痫患者、16例轻度子痫前期患者、22例孕晚期妇女剖宫产术前及剖宫产术后72h内血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅰbα（GPⅠbot）、Ⅱb（GPⅡb）水平变化,采用血凝仪同期检测血浆凝血酶原时间（PT）和活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）。结果剖宫产术前,与轻度子痫前期组、正常孕晚期组比较,重度子痫前期及子痫组GPⅠbα和PT明显降低（P〈0．01）,术后两者72h内恢复至正常孕晚期水平,与术前比较差异显著（P〈0．01）;各组间剖宫产术前或术后GPⅡb变化无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;正常孕晚期组、轻度子痫前期组及重度子痫前期子痫组APTT递次延长但无统计学差异（P〉0．05）;术后上述三组APTT递次降低,但无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。GPⅠbα与PT呈正相关（r=0．371,P〈0．01）。结论孕晚期子痫前期及子痫患者存在血管内皮细胞损伤及血小板活化状态,引起外源性凝血系统活跃,而内源性凝血系统由于肝脏产生的凝血因子相对减少而活跃性相对降低。     

血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前后血小板活化膜表面糖蛋白检测及临床意义

目的 :探讨血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前后血小板活化标记物CD62 P,GPⅡb/Ⅲa的表达及其临床应用价值。方法 :采用流式细胞仪 (FCM )检测治疗前后血小板活化标记物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa的表达。结果 :血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前血小板活化标志物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa分别为CD62 P5 2 .19± 12 .3 7% ,GPⅡb/Ⅲa 77.98± 14 .2 2 % ,较正常对照组有显著性升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;治疗后CD62 P3 1.16± 17.43 % ,GPⅡb/Ⅲa 40 .71± 11.64 %较治疗前有显著性下降 (P<0 .0 1) ,但仍高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :血小板活化标志物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa对血栓性脑血管疾病的诊断具有重要价值 ,为临床症状缓解后患者长期药物预防提供理论依据     

血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂ETBT对血小板功能的影响

目的:观察血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa(GPⅡb/Ⅲa)拮抗剂——依替巴肽(Eptifibatide,ETBT)对血小板聚集、释放、收缩血块和促凝活性等的影响。方法:在正常人全血或富血小板血浆(PRP)中加入不同浓度ETBT,分别检测二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导的血小板最大聚集率(rPAmax)、血小板CD62p表达百分率、血块收缩率和血小板3因子(PF3)有效性,通过与对照组比较获得ETBT对血小板功能的抑制率。结果:各种浓度(0.5～5.0μM)ETBT均对rPAmax有显著抑制作用(P0.01),且随ETBT浓度增加而增加;较高浓度(5.0～10μM)ETBT对血块收缩有显著抑制作用(P0.01);ETBT(0～80μM)ETBT对血小板CD62p表达(P=0.425)和PF3有效性没有明显抑制作用。结论:ETBT显著抗血小板聚集作用,但对血小板CD62p表达和促凝作用的影响较小;ETBT抗血小板聚集及抑制血块收缩的作用与其浓度呈正相关。     

Survival of multiple-surface ART restorations using a zinc-reinforced glass-ionomer restorative after 2 years: A randomized triple-blind clinical trial

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of a new zinc-reinforced glass-ionomer in comparison to a common high-viscous glass-ionomer cement (HVGIC) used in multiple-surface ART-prepared cavities. The hypothesis tested was that the cumulative survival percentage of the new HVGIC is higher than that of the common HVGIC over 2 years.MethodsA randomized triple-blind parallel group clinical trial was used. A total of 218 participants, average age 15.4 years (SD = 0.2), with an occluso-proximal carious lesion in a permanent (pre-) molar were included. Restorations using test (ChemFil Rock) and control (Fuji IX GP) restoratives were placed according to the ART method by four calibrated operators. Restorations were evaluated after one week (baseline), and at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24 months from replicas and coloured photographs according to the ART restoration assessment criteria by two independent evaluators. Restoration survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and difference between dependent and independent variables tested with a Wald (chi-square) test.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in cumulative survival percentages between the two types of restorations at 2 years (P = 0.02). A higher percentage of multiple-surface restorations of Fuji IX GP (95.4%) than ChemFil Rock (85.3%) survived. Gender (P = 0.64), operator (P = 0.56) and cavity size (P = 0.81) had no effect on the survival of the type of restoration observed. Type of tooth (P = 0.004) and type of jaw (P = 0.05) showed an effect. Severe wear was the major reason for restoration failure (ChemFil Rock = 7; Fuji IX GP = 1).SignificanceChemFil Rock appears not to be a viable alternative to Fuji IX GP in restoring ART multiple-surface cavities in permanent posterior teeth.