足底深支为蒂带趾短伸肌的逆行足背岛状皮瓣修复前足缺损

目的：探讨以足底深支为蒂带趾短伸肌的逆行足背岛状皮瓣修复前足软组织缺损的手术方法及临床疗效。方法：对15例前足软组织缺损的患者应用该皮瓣修复。其中,9例急诊一期手术,6例二期手术治疗,均保留伤足的跖趾关节。皮瓣切取面积为6cm×8cm～12cm×18cm。该岛状皮瓣以足底深支为蒂,并包含趾短伸肌、足背动脉及其分支跗外侧动脉和弓状动脉。术中将足背皮神经与趾神经缝合。皮瓣供区应用全厚皮片植皮修复。结果：二期手术患者中4例出现皮瓣远端部分坏死,经换药愈合。一期手术患者皮瓣均完全成活。术后随访6～12个月．平均10.5个月。皮瓣质地、外形满意。恢复了保护性感觉功能,而且皮瓣耐磨,无溃疡发生,不妨碍行走。结论：在保留跖趾关节同时以足底深支为蒂带趾短伸肌的逆行足背岛状皮瓣修复前足软组织缺损能够最大程度地恢复伤足功能。皮瓣切取面积较传统更大。该皮瓣是一种安全、有效的理想手术方式,特别是急诊一期手术疗效更佳。     

Surgical treatment of the hallux valgus through mini-approach

A mini-invasive surgery implies a diminution of the morbidity of the surgical procedure, which relies on three conditions: not only a reduction of the skin incision, but also a limited dissection applied to the approach and the preparation, and a surgical step resulting in as little bleeding, debris, heat and fibrosis as possible. The recent, rapid and varied evolution of the mini-invasive techniques, concerns all the surgical disciplines, and reflects the technical progress, the very prevailing concern for morbidity risk, competition and fashion phenomena. However, this evolution also attests to the excellence of the surgical techniques. In the surgery of the hallux valgus, we are less focused, on the correction methods, which are now reliable, and our main concern for perfection is centered on the reduction of the approaches. The technique we are reporting is only one of the possible procedures of mini-invasive surgery of the hallux valgus.     

Midfoot and ankle motion during heel rise and gait are related in people with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy

BackgroundMidfoot and ankle movement dysfunction in people with diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy (DMPN) is associated with midfoot deformity and increased plantar pressures during gait. If midfoot and ankle motion during heel rise and push-off of gait have similar mechanics, heel rise performance could be a clinically feasible way to identify abnormal midfoot and ankle function during gait.Research questionIs midfoot and ankle joint motion during a heel rise associated with midfoot and ankle motion at push-off during gait in people with DMPN?MethodsSixty adults with DMPN completed double-limb heel rise, single-limb heel rise, and walking. A modified Oxford multi-segment foot model (forefoot, hindfoot, shank) was used to analyze midfoot (forefoot on hindfoot) and ankle (hindfoot on shank) sagittal angle during heel rise and gait. Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship between heel rise and gait kinematic variables (n = 60). Additionally, we classified 60 participants into two subgroups based on midfoot and ankle position at peak heel rise: midfoot and ankle dorsiflexed (dorsiflexed; n = 23) and midfoot and ankle plantarflexed (plantarflexed; n = 20). Movement trajectories of midfoot and ankle motion during single-limb heel rise and gait of the subgroups were examined.ResultsPeak double-limb heel rise and gait midfoot and ankle angles were significantly correlated (r = 0.49 and r = 0.40, respectively). Peak single-limb heel rise and gait midfoot and ankle angles were significantly correlated (r = 0.63 and r = 0.54, respectively). The dorsiflexed subgroup, identified by heel rise performance showed greater midfoot and ankle dorsiflexion during gait compared to the plantarflexed subgroup (mean difference between subgroups: midfoot 3°, ankle 3°).SignificancePeople with DMPN who fail to plantarflex the midfoot and ankle during heel rise have difficulty plantarflexing the midfoot and ankle during gait. Utilizing a heel rise task may help identify midfoot and ankle dysfunction associated with gait in people with DMPN.     

前足皮肤缺损的皮瓣修复

目的总结不同类型皮瓣修复前足部皮肤缺损的疗效。方法根据前足皮肤缺损的部位,采用不同类型的外科皮瓣修复50例,其中交腿皮瓣2例,带蒂逆行岛状皮瓣20例,吻合血管的游离皮瓣28例。结果除3例带蒂逆行岛状皮瓣远端部分坏死,行植皮创面愈合外,其余皮瓣全部成活。创面一期愈合47例,二期愈合3例;术后皮瓣整形17例。随访6个月～2年,足部功能及外形恢复较满意。结论根据足部皮肤缺损的部位、面积大小及周围组织条件．选择不同娄型外科皮瓣修兔创面．可获得满意效果．     

利用跖底动脉弓的足底岛状皮瓣修复前足软组织缺损

目的 探讨前足软组织缺损的修复方法。方法 对6例前足软组织缺损患者施行以跖底动脉弓为蒂的逆行足底岛状皮瓣进行修复。结果 随访6个月,皮瓣全部成活,两点辨别觉<10mm。结论 该皮瓣血管蒂长(最长可达18cm),皮肤质地与受区相近,血运可靠,是修复前足软组织缺损的较好方法。     

外翻及相关畸形的综合手术治疗探讨

目的:评价综合手术治疗外翻与前足相关畸形的效果。方法:回顾性分析本院收治的中、重度外翻合并前足畸形患者289例307足的临床资料,应用综合矫形手术治疗效果。结果:优良率:85.6％,患者对术后足外形及功能满意,前足痛改善。结论:对于中、重度外翻患者,除纠正趾外展外翻外,还应注意伴发畸形的处理,综合矫形手术不失为一种可以考虑的手术方法。     

Plantar pressure distribution and wearing characteristics of three forefoot offloading shoes in healthy adult subjects

Forefoot offloading shoes are used to reduce pressure on specific regions of the foot. Aim of the pressure reduction is to aid healing of the soft and bony tissues and prevent complications by treating foot disorders. A great variety of forefoot offloading shoes are available. In a first step to investigate the appropriate use of these footwear in orthopedic settings, we studied plantar pressure distribution and wearing characteristics of three forefoot offloading shoes namely the Mailand, OrthoWedge and Podalux in a healthy population.Twenty subjects walked in a randomized order wearing three forefoot offloading shoes and a reference shoe for six minutes. The Pedar system was used to measure the pressure in 7 regions. Peak pressure and pressure time integral were analyzed as measures of pressure distribution. Furthermore, wearing characteristics were addressed using a Numeric Rating Scale. Pressure distribution and wearing characteristics of the forefoot offloading shoes were compared to a reference shoe.The Mailand and OrthoWedge shoes significantly reduced peak pressure with more than 80% under the hallux and more than 45% under MTH1 (p < .001). The Podalux did not show significant peak pressure reduction under the forefoot compared to the reference shoe. Under the lesser toes, the MTH4-5 region and heel region the Podalux shoe showed even a significant increase in peak pressure (p = .001). Looking at wearing characteristics, the Podalux and reference shoe scored significantly better than the other two forefoot offloading shoes (p < .01).In this study the differences between different forefoot offloading shoes was assessed. The Mailand and OrthoWedge shoes gave the best pressure reduction in the forefoot but are less comfortable in use. The Podalux rocker shoe showed opposite results. Next step is a patient study to compare our results in a patient population.