Flottierender Riesenthrombus im offenen Foramen ovale Diagnose mittels transösophagealer Echokardiographie

Zusammenfassung Die Diagnose eines flottierenden Thrombus in einem offenen Foramen ovale wird selten gestellt. Wir berichten über einen Patienten, bei dem aufgrund des dringenden Verdachtes auf eine Pulmonalembolie eine trans?sophageale Echokardiographie (TEE) durchgeführt wurde. Mit Hilfe der TEE konnte der Verdacht der Pulmonalembolie erh?rtet werden. Als überraschungsbefund fand sich jedoch im rechten und linken Vorhof ein langer, wurmf?rmiger, sehr mobiler Thrombus, der im offenen Foramen ovale eingekeilt war. Der Patient wurde aufgrund dieser Diagnose unverzüglich einem chirurgischem Eingriff unterzogen, wobei sich der TEE-Befund best?tigte und ein 19 cm langer Thrombus entfernt wurde. Mit Hilfe der TEE konnte der Riesenthrombus erkannt und einer entsprechenden Therapie zugeführt werden, wodurch Komplikationen, wie das Auftreten einer neuerlichen Pulmonalembolie oder einer paradoxen Embolie, verhindert werden konnten. Eingegangen: 10. August 1998 Akzeptiert: 12. August 1998     

超声心动图在卵圆孔通道血流受限合并心功能异常产前诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨超声心动图在单纯卵圆孔通道血流受限（FOCR）合并心功能异常胎儿产前诊断及预后评估中的应用价值。 方法回顾性选取2018年10月至2020年5月在河北生殖妇产医院检查,产前超声心动图诊断为单纯FOCR且心血管整体评分（CVPS）提示心功能异常的胎儿16例,分析其初诊、分娩前及出生后的超声心动图特征、CVPS及心功能变化,并随访其妊娠结局和预后。 结果14例表现为卵圆孔内径或卵圆孔通道有效分流口内径＜3 mm,2例表现为卵圆孔内径/房间隔总长度＜0.33。16例胎儿分娩前均表现为右心房与左心房横径比（RA/LA）、右心室与左心室横径比（RV/LV）、主肺动脉与升主动脉内径比（MPA/AAO）比值增大,且随孕龄增大而增大,卵圆孔通道分流流速（V-FO）＞40 cm/s。16例胎儿中,14例初诊FOCR时CVPS为8~9分,2例初诊未发现心功能异常,CVPS为10分。16例胎儿分娩前,11例表现为轻度心力衰竭,CVPS为8~9分;5例表现为中度心力衰竭,CVPS为6~7分。9例分娩前CVPS较初诊FOCR时减低。16例胎儿出生后,1例于新生儿期死亡;余15例均存活。存活患儿中13例复查超声心动图,心脏结构正常;1例分娩前CVPS为6分,出生后复查可疑心肌病;1例分娩前CVPS为8分,出生后复查不除外原发性肺动脉高压。 结论超声心动图在FOCR诊断及评估中具有重要价值;应用超声心动图进行CVPS评分可动态观测并评估胎儿心功能变化,对评估胎儿宫内情况及指导分娩时机具有重要意义。     

经皮椎间孔镜下TESSYS技术治疗腰椎椎间孔狭窄的早期临床疗效观察

目的 探讨经皮椎间孔镜下TESSYS技术治疗腰椎椎间孔狭窄引发腰腿痛的短期疗效.方法 选取2012年3月至2014年9月本院收治腰椎椎间孔处狭窄的患者30例,均选择经皮椎间孔镜下TESSYS技术治疗.术前、术后及末次随访时应用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛程度,应用日本骨科协会(JOA)评分评估腰椎功能改善情况.结果 术前及末次随访评分的比较所有患者术中即感觉症状明显缓解.VAS评分由术前(8.13±1.21)分减少至(2.81±1.49)分,JOA评分由术前(10.77±4.21)分升高至(26.30±3.55)分.结论 TESSYS技术治疗腰椎椎间孔处狭窄,有安全性高,具有手术时间短、出血少、并发症少、患者易接受等优点.     

枕骨大孔区脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 总结枕骨大孔区脑膜瘤的手术治疗经验.方法 对2002年1月至2010年4月收治并手术切除的枕骨大孔区脑膜瘤进行回顾性分析.本组共14例,病灶最大径2.5 ～5.0 cm,均经病理证实和显微手术切除.结果 9例采用枕下中线入路,5例采用远外侧入路,全切除12例,次全切除2例;术后早期因呼吸衰竭死亡1例.结论 选择合适的手术入路、采用娴熟的显微外科技术,枕骨大孔区脑膜瘤外科治疗效果良好.     

枕骨大孔腹侧脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗

ObjectiveTo investigate the microsurgical technique of ventral foramen magnum meningiomas for improving therapeutic efficacy.MethodsClinical data of 35 patients suffering from foramen magnum meningiomas surgically treated from July 2004 to July 2014 in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The operation was performed via classic far lateral approach and far lateral transcondylar approach in 31 and 4 cases respectively. Their pathologic features, clinical characteristics, surgical technique and postoperative cautions were summarized.ResultsComplete tumor resection was achieved in 32 cases and subtotal resection in 3. Transient cranial nerve dysfunction occurred in 15 patients and permanent dysfunction in 2. 6 patients had limb movement disorders. Tracheotomy was performed in 5 patients. No deaths occurred.ConclusionsPosterior cranial nerve, vertebral artery and brainstem are key protected aims during surgical treatment of foramen magnum meningiomas. The far lateral approach is preferred, and proper removal of occipital condyle will benefit tumor exposion.     

CT引导下经皮圆孔穿刺射频温控热凝术治疗三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ支)的疗效及安全性

目的探讨薄层CT引导下经皮穿刺圆孔射频热凝术治疗药物无效或复发性三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ支)的疗效及安全性。方法对药物无效或复发性三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ支)的22例患者行CT引导下经皮穿刺圆孔射频热凝术治疗,采用巴罗神经学研究所(BNI)分级评定标准评价患者术后疗效,观察术后并发症情况。结果 22例患者术后即刻疼痛完全缓解率达95.45%(21/22),1例患者术后疼痛有所缓解,但服药后可以控制(BNI分级Ⅲ级)。2例患者术后复发,均再次行射频术,术后即刻疼痛均完全缓解(BNI分级Ⅰ级)。随访3~19个月,平均(7.73±4.69)个月。所有患者均无任何严重并发症发生。结论薄层CT引导下经皮穿刺圆孔射频热凝治疗药物无效或复发性三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ支)的疗效可靠、并发症少,可作为药物无效或复发性三叉神经痛的一种理想微创治疗手段。     

Pas de chirurgie sans échographie préalable en cas de thrombose veineuse superficielle clinique : à propos d’un cas d’embolie paradoxale grave

Lower limbs superficial venous thrombosis (LLSVT) is usually considered as common and of a benign prognosis. LLSVT can, however, be responsible for major thromboembolic complications: lower limbs deep vein thrombosis (LLDVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). We report a case of a LLSVT complicated with a massive bilateral PE and an ischemic cerebral stroke, occurring immediately after a varicose vein surgery. Venous ultrasonography of the lower limbs must be systematically performed in case of LLSVT, in order to evaluate the presence of an associated LLDVT. A rigorous diagnostic and therapeutic approach is the only way to optimize the treatment of this disorder, and to avoid the occurrence of dramatic venous thromboembolic complications.     

Clinical Correlates of the Anatomical Relationships of the Foramen Ovale: A Radioanatomical Study

Introduction Endonasal endoscopic transpterygoid approaches are commonly used techniques to access the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space. Important endoscopic endonasal landmarks for the poststyloid parapharyngeal space, hence the internal carotid artery, include the mandibular nerve at the level of foramen ovale and the lateral pterygoid plate. This study aims to define the anatomical relationships of the foramen ovale, establishing its distance to other important anatomical landmarks such as the pterygoid process and columella. Methods Distances between the foramen ovale, foramen rotundum, and fixed anatomical landmarks like the columella and pterygoid process were measured using computed tomography (CT) scans and cadaveric dissections of the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae. Results The mean distances from the foramen ovale to columella and from the foramen rotundum to columella were found to be 9.15 cm and 7.09 cm, respectively. Analysis of radiologic measurements detected no statistically significant differences between sides or gender. Conclusions The pterygoid plates and V3 are prominent landmarks of the endonasal endoscopic approach to the infratemporal fossa and poststyloid parapharyngeal space. A better understanding of the endoscopic anatomy of the infratemporal fossa and awareness of the approximate distances and geometry among anatomical landmarks facilitates a safe and complete resection of lesions arising or extending to these regions.