Analysis of kidney volume growth during the fetal period in humans

Summary The growth of fetal kidney volume was studied in 290 specimens taken from 145 fresh human fetuses (85 males and 60 females) with gestational age ranging from 13 to 36 weeks postconception (WPC). Normative equations and curves of the growth of renal volume were obtained for male and female fetuses and for the whole sample in the second trimester (13–24 WPC) and in the third trimester (25–36 WPC) of gestation. There was no difference between the growth in volume of the right and left kidneys. Fetal kidney volume increases with a more intense rhythm in the early fetal period (13–24 WPC). During the second trimester, there was no difference between the values for renal volume of male and female fetuses. In the third trimester, male fetuses had renal volumes significantly greater than the female fetuses. The normative parameters of renal volume could have practical applications in detection and monitoring of renal anomalies in fetal and perinatal urology.Supported by grants 302, 369/86.4/BM-FV from the National Conucil of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) and Grant E.29/170.787/89 from the Rio de Janeiro Foundation for Research Support (FAPERJ).     

纤维结合素在实验性肝纤维化中动态变化研究

本实验研究了血浆纤维结合素和肝组织中纤维结合素的动态变化规律。结果显示F_n在肝中的沉积与肝纤维化的严重程度有关。在肝纤维化早期血浆F_n增高,当胶元在肝中沉积达最高峰时,血浆F_n反而下降低于正常。这提示F_n可能参予胶元在肝中的沉积并对肝纤维化的早期诊断有一定意义。     

胎儿宫内发育迟缓的实验动物模型

综述了至今已建立的IUGR实验动物模型并对几种常见的实验模型进行了比较。     

改变产妇体位矫正胎儿方位的临床效果

目的:探讨产程中改变产妇体位以矫正胎位。方法:选择临产至宫口开全经B超及内诊检查为枕后位的初产妇200例,随机分为观察组与对照组各100例,在产程中指导观察组产妇取侧俯卧位,利用胎儿重力、羊水浮力、子宫间歇性收缩的合力作用,使胎头下降时逐渐从枕后位转至枕前位娩出,并与对照组比较。结果:观察组91例(91％)胎儿由枕后位转至枕前位经阴道分娩,剖宫产9例(9％);对照组经阴道分娩仅16例(16％),剖宫产84例(84％)。两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:在产程中指导产妇取侧俯卧位,用以矫正胎位不正是降低难产发生率的有效方法。     

妊娠晚期胎心监护异常曲线与胎儿宫内窘迫的临床研究

目的 :探讨胎心监护异常曲线与胎儿宫内窘迫的关系。方法 :使用胎儿电子监护仪对 1336例孕妇 ,经腹壁对胎心率和宫缩进行监测。结果 :1336例孕妇中 ,胎心监护异常曲线者 12 8例 ,占 9.5 8%。 12 8例中产后发现异常因素 10 1例 ,占 78.91%。新生儿窒息 4 6例及死亡 2例 ,占 37.5 0 %。结论 :胎心异常曲线对胎儿宫内窘迫的诊断具有重要价值。     

综合疗法和加用人胎肝细胞悬液治疗重症肝炎30例疗效比较

重症肝炎30例随机分为两组,采用综合疗法治疗15例;另15例在综合疗法基础上加用人胎肝细胞悬液。综合治疗组病死比例为9/15例;胎肝组病死比例为4/15例,较综合疗法组明显为低。胎肝组存活11例平均退黄时间为55.4±25.4天;综合疗法组存活6例,平均退黄时间为119.7±54.9天,前者明显短于后者(P<0.01)。对胎肝组12例患者作输注前后凝血酶元时间活动度对比观察,输注后48h凝血酶元时间活动度可提高18.9％。     

A study on content and distribution of plasma and tissue fibronectin in rats using ELISA and immunofluorescence

Summary The content of plasma fibronectin and tissue extractable fibronectin in normal rats was measured with rocket immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA in the present study. The difference in tissue fibronectin distribution in various organs and the correlation between distribution and content of fibronectin have been studied. We suggest that tissue fibronectin may be a complex component. The change in plasma fibronectin reflects a dynamic balance existing between the tissue fibronectin pool and plasma fibronectin pool in normal rats. Plasma fibronectin and tissue fibronectin concentrations are not static, and they can only be maintained in a relatively stable state in normal rats.     

人胚额叶皮层和海马干细胞的自主分化研究

目的 研究人胚胎额叶皮层和海马组织神经干细胞的自主分化特性。观察额叶皮层神经干细胞和海马神经干细胞特性的异同。方法 从人胚胎额叶皮层和海马组织分别分离提出神经干细胞，经无血清体外培养、扩增，形成神经球。神经球贴壁进行不加诱导剂的自主分化。采用细胞生长曲线检测神经干细胞的增殖能力。使用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）标记分裂增生的细胞，观察细胞的分裂增殖情况。免疫细胞化学法鉴定神经干细胞的自主分化能力，比较额叶皮层和海马神经干细胞的分化特点。结果 从人胚胎额叶皮层和海马分离的神经干细胞具有增殖能力，额叶皮层神经干细胞的细胞倍增时间为3．9d，海马神经干细胞的细胞倍增时间为3．2d。细胞贴壁分化后出现Nestin、GFAP、Tuj-1表达阳性的细胞。皮层和海马神经干细胞分化产生的Tuj-1阳性细胞分别是40．7％和19．3％；皮层和海马神经干细胞分化产生的GFAP阳性细胞分别是59．3％和80．7％。结论 分离培养的额叶皮层和海马神经干细胞具有自我更新和增殖能力，可以向神经元、胶质细胞分化。额叶皮层神经干细胞与海马神经干细胞的倍增时问、自主分化特点和分化为神经细胞和胶质细胞的比率各有不同。     

超声诊断胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的价值

目的:探讨胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的声像图特征。方法:20例胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的产妇经B超诊断,引产后经病理证实。结果:20例患胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的孕妇,均在15周～30周,经超声常规检查时发现,瘤体体积最大者达20 cm,最小者1.2 cm,其中位于颈部者15例,位于肢体2例,颈颅及肢体均存在者3例。20例中合并胎儿全身皮肤水肿15倒,其中6例合并胸水、腹水,5例胎死宫内。1例双胎之一为正常。声像图特征,胎儿头及颈部围绕一囊肿,呈多房性,壁较厚,内可见分隔,呈“网状”或“放射状”。结论:超声检查为诊断胎儿水囊状淋巴管瘤的最直接有效的首选方法。