锁骨骨折治疗中应用超声引导下神经阻滞麻醉的可行性分析

目的:探讨超声引导下神经阻滞麻醉治疗锁骨骨折的可行性.方法:选取100例锁骨骨折患者,均为2018年10月-2019年10月期间骨外科收治,按照随机数字表法分为2组,对照组(n=50)为常规神经阻滞,观察组(n=50)为超声引导下神经阻滞,分析起效时间、完全阻滞时间、术后恢复时间、麻醉效果以及不良反应发生率.结果:观察...     

复杂性胆囊腹腔镜下手术56例临床分析

目的探讨复杂性胆囊患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性、安全性。方法回顾性分析我院2005年5月～2010年6月56例复杂性胆囊经腹腔镜手术的临床资料。结果本组56例病例中,46例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,8例主动中转开腹,2例被动中转。平均手术时间96min。其中出现术后并发症11例,大部分经非手术治疗治愈,二次经腹手术治愈2例。结论熟悉胆囊及胆道解剖变异、血管畸形;全程防范LC下可能出现的并发症及风险;娴熟掌握LC的手术方法、技能;适时果断主动中转。对腹腔镜下复杂性胆囊的手术是可行的,相对安全的。     

Maintaining Dose Intensity of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Older Patients With Breast Cancer

Introduction

Maintaining the relative dose intensity (RDI) of adjuvant chemotherapy at ≥ 85% has been associated with improved treatment outcomes in early-stage breast cancer (ESBC). Increasing evidence has suggested that patients aged ≥ 65 years can maintain the optimal RDI for standard chemotherapy regimens. The present study investigated the RDI of newer adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in this demographic.

膀胱肿瘤并发BPH患者同期性经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术及前列腺电切术的可行性

目的探讨膀胱肿瘤并发前列腺增生(BPH)患者同期行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术及前列腺电切术的可行性。方法统计分析2012年1月至2014年1月收治的50例膀胱肿瘤并发BPH患者的临床资料。随机将50例患者分为观察组和对照组,每组25例。对照组患者行单纯经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术,观察组患者同期行经尿道膀胱肿瘤点切术及前列腺点切术。观察两组患者国际前列腺症评分(IPSS评分),生活质量评分(QOL评分),最大尿流率(Qmax),手术中、后情况(手术时间、术后冲洗时间、术后血红蛋白、术后留置导尿管时间),并发症发生情况,肿瘤复发情况。结果治疗后观察组患者的IPSS明显比对照组低,QOL评分明显比对照组高,Qmax明显比对照组大(P0.05);观察组患者的手术时间、术后冲洗时间均明显比对照组短,术后血红蛋白含量明显比对照组高(P0.05);但两组患者术后导尿管时间之间的差异不显著(P0.05);观察组患者的术后并发症发生率12.0%(3/25)明显比对照组28.0%(7/25)低(P0.05);观察组患者的复发率8.0%(2/25)明显比对照组20.0%(5/25)低(P0.05),术后复发时间明显比对照组晚(P0.05)。结论膀胱肿瘤并发BPH患者同期行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术及前列腺电切术安全可行,值得推广。     

外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的有效性研究

目的:研究外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者的可行性及有效性。方法:统计分析2011年3月至2013年3月我院泌尿男科收治的80例精索静脉曲张患者的临床资料。结果:研究组患者的手术时间显著短于对照组(P0.05),术后精子密度、精子活力及正常形态显著高于对照组(P0.05),畸形率显著低于对照组(P0.05),并发症发生率和复发率15.0%(1/40)、0(0),均显著低于对照组55.0%(22/40)、12.5%(5/40)(P0.05)。结论:外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者能够显著缩短手术时间、提高精液质量、降低术后并发症发生率及复发率,安全可行。     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀治疗老年冠心病患者的安全性及可行性分析

目的对不同剂量阿托伐他汀治疗老年冠心病患者的安全性及可行性进行分析和探讨。方法选择2011年10月到2013年10月在本院进行治疗的老年冠心病患者68例,随机将其分为A组和B组两组各34例,A组患者在治疗中给予40 mg阿托伐他汀,B组患者在治疗中给予20 mg阿托伐他汀,在治疗过程中对两组患者的不良症状发生情况进行观察,并在治疗结束后对其血脂情况进行比较。结果经治疗后两组患者的HDL-C水平均有一定程度的升高,TG、TC以及LDL-C水平均有一定程度的下降,两组患者治疗前后相比差异具有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);治疗后两组患者相比A组HDL-C升高水平明显高于B组,且TG、TC以及LDL-C下降水平明显低于B组,两组相比差异具有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);在不良反应发生中,A组患者与B组患者表现ALT>3个正常上限(ULN)各1例,停药复查后恢复正常,发生率均为2.94%,两组发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组有6例患者在治疗1～2个月出现心绞痛症状,发生率为17.65%(6/34),B组有5例患者在治疗1～3个月出现心绞痛症状,发生率为14.71%(5/34),两组发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大剂量阿托伐他汀应用于老年冠心病的治疗中疗效优于小剂量阿托伐他汀,且两种方式安全性无差异,故在临床治疗中建议采用大剂量给药。     

腹腔镜胆道手术患者双管型喉罩通气的可行性

目的 探讨双管型喉罩（PLMA）用于腹腔镜胆道手术患者通气的可行性。方法 择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术或腹腔镜胆总管探查术患者80例，年龄21-63岁，ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级，随机分为PLMA组和气管导管（TT）组，每组40例。用纤维支气管镜观察PLMA的到位情况。记录患者插管时、插管后3min、拔管时和拔管后3min的平均动脉压和心率，间歇正压通气15min时和气腹15min时的气道峰压（Ppeak）、潮气量（Vτ）和呼气末CO2分压（PETCO2）。结果 两组的插管时间、间歇正压通气15min时和气腹15min时的Ppeak、VT、PETCO2差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组首次插管后通气成功率均为95％，纤维支气管镜确认PLMA首次正确到位率为87．5％。PLMA组插管时、插管后3min、拔管时和拔管后3min的平均动脉压和心率较TT组降低（P〈0．05或0．01）。拔管时TT组65％出现呛咳或挣扎反应，术后2、24h咽痛发生率分别为22．5％、25％，而PLMA组均无拔管反应和术后咽痛。结论 与气管导管相比，双管型喉罩操作简便，应激反应小，通气可靠，可避免术后咽喉部并发症。     

污水厂污泥综合利用与消纳的可行性途径分析

探讨以污泥深度脱水为中心的污泥处理技术系统，方法；从技术，经济和系统能量平衡等诸方面进行了分析和评价。结果和结论：该系统可适应各地不同的污泥消纳条件，符合废弃物处理无害化，减量化，稳定化和资源化的原则。     

Off-site real-time review of remote ambulatory care obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound examinations: Implications to radiologists for managed care contract negotiations

We present a cost comparison of contracts to provide obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound (US) services to a managed care provider group (MCPG) and discuss the long-term implications of off-site monitoring of US procedures by video/voice technology to radiologists in competing for managed care contracts.During a 19-month period, 1,741 ultrasound examinations were performed for a MCPG in a clinic located 7 miles from our institution. The costs of different arrangements to provide this service and a 5-year cost analysis are provided.Based on the reported obstetric and gynecologic US caseload, annualized first year cost to the MCPG under the current contract was $183,945, compared with $252,000 under a prior contract. Without a contract, the cost would be $325,907.Our analysis shows that the use of the citywide fiberoptic network for remote monitoring of US examinations enables US radiologists to compete for managed care contracts and provides cost savings to payors.     

Split course multiple daily fractionated radiotherapy schedule combined with misonidazole for the management of grade III and IV gliomas A pilot feasibility study of the Radiotherapy Group of the EORTC

The effect of a fractionated radiotherapy on tissue is not only determined by the total dose; but also by the dose per fraction and the overall time of treatment. Recent experimental data have demonstrated that with the overall treatment time of 6 or 7 weeks, as is usually the case in the clinical practice, the late tolerance of the central nervous system (CNS) is only determined by the fraction size. Based on these premises a totally new fractionation schedule for the treatment of malignant gliomas was developed. The interval between irradiation is reduced to 4 hr, which makes it practical and possible to give 3 fractions a day. Thus, 15 fractions of 2 Gy can be given in 5 days; this scheme can be repeated after a rest period of 2 weeks. In this way, a dose of 60 Gy can be delivered in an overall treatment time of 4 weeks. As the total number of treatment days is reduced this schedule reduces the burden on the patient, and renders a more efficient combination with misonidazoLe possible. The shortening of the overall time could enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy on a rapidly proliferating tumor. A total of 122 patients have been treated according to this schedule. The acute tolerance has been found to be very good. Only 18% of the patients experienced transient severe side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, somnolence and headache. Thus, it has been proven that this treatment schedule reduces the burden on the patients. The preliminary survival data are encouraging. The median survival time of patients treated after tumor resection is over a year. These results warrant further study. A randomized trial exploring this treatment modality has been started.