止消通脉宁对转化生长因子-β_1诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原及纤连蛋白mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨止消通脉宁含药血清对转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞（HK-2）Ⅰ型胶原（ColⅠ）、Ⅲ型胶原（ColⅢ）和纤连蛋白（FN）mRNA表达的影响。方法将HK-2细胞用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12（1∶1）培养基培养,分为空白对照组、TGF-β1诱导组（TGF-β110 ng/mL）、空白血清对照组（TGF-β110 ng/mL＋10%空白血清）、干预1组（TGF-β110 ng/mL＋10%低剂量止消通脉宁含药血清）、干预2组（TGF-β110 ng/mL＋10%中剂量止消通脉宁含药血清）、干预3组（TGF-β110 ng/mL＋10%高剂量止消通脉宁含药血清）。药物干预24 h后,荧光定量PCR检测ColⅠ、ColⅢ和FN的mRNA表达。结果 HK-2细胞经TGF-β1诱导后,ColⅠ、ColⅢ和FN的mRNA表达显著上升,与空白对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。经止消通脉宁含药血清干预后,其表达逐步下降,与单纯TGF-β1诱导组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。空白血清无此作用。结论止消通脉宁在一定程度上能够抑制TGF-β1诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞ColⅠ、ColⅢ和FN的mRNA表达,减少细胞外基质成分的分泌,具有防治肾间质纤维化作用。     

Expression of TGF-β2 mRNA and PCNA, FN Protein in Lens Epithelial Cells in Age-related Nuclear and Cortex Cataract

By using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, the expressions of transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) mRNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and fibronection (FN) protein in lens epithelial cells (LECs) of age-related nuclear and cortex cataract were detected and compared. The results of RT-PCR revealed that the expression of TGF-β2 mRNA was higher in cortex cataract than in nuclear cataract. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of PCNA protein was lower and the expression of FN protein was higher in cortex cataract than in nuclear cataract. It was suggested that TGF-β2, PCNA and FN might take important parts in the process of age-related cataract. Cortex cataract was related to the transdifferentiation of LECs, and nuclear cataract to the proliferation of LECs.     

FN1在胃癌组织和细胞中的表达及意义

目的:研究纤维连接蛋白1（fibronectin-1,FN1）在胃癌组织和细胞中的表达,探讨其与预后的关系。方法:利用Oncomine数据库挖掘FN1在胃癌组织中的表达;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测FN1在人胃癌细胞系中的表达;利用Kaplan-Meier Plotter分析FN1表达水平与胃癌预后的关系。结果:Oncomine 数据库分析FN1在多种肿瘤组织中表达增加,与胃正常组织相比,FN1在胃癌组织中表达增加,并具有统计学差异（P=1.41E-5)。FN1 mRNA在人胃癌细胞系SGC7901中表达水平增高,在胃癌组织中FN1蛋白表达增加。KM Plotter数据库分析结果显示FN1表达量与胃癌患者总体生存率存在相关性,即高表达FN1的患者总体生存率较差。结论:FN1在胃癌组织和细胞中的表达高于正常组织和细胞,是胃癌的危险因素,其表达水平越高预后越差。     

自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对大鼠创面纤维连接蛋白和层粘连蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对创面愈合的影响,并对有关机制做进一步研究.方法 Wistar大鼠作为供体,SD大鼠为受体,在SD大鼠背部建立全层皮肤损伤模型.90只SD大鼠分为5组,每组18只,第1组为自体微粒皮组;第2组为异体脱细胞微粒真皮移植组;第3、4、5组为混合移植组.混合移植组中自异体微粒皮的面积比例分别为:1∶1、1∶0.5、1∶0.25.术后第2、3、4周分别测量每组创面的愈合率,采集创面标本,做HE染色,检测纤维连接蛋白(FN)和层粘连蛋白(LN)、进行组间比较.结果 混合移植组与自体微粒皮移植组比较,混合移植组创面愈合率及FN、LN均高于自体微粒皮组,其中1∶0.25混合移植组最高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 混合移植创面愈合率高于自体微粒皮移植,且自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植的面积比例按1∶0.25效果最佳,这可能与创面纤维连接蛋白和层粘连蛋白升高有关.     

Mucosal bromodomain-containing protein 4 mediates aeroallergen-induced inflammation and remodeling

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Is OSNA better than imprint cytology for intraoperative diagnosis of cancer involvement of axillary sentinel node in breast cancer?

ObjectiveThe study aim was to establish Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value (NPV), and Accuracy Values of both imprint cytology (IC) and the OSNA assay for intraoperative assessment of axillary sentinel node (SN) cancer involvement in breast cancer. Specifically, we wished to find out if true positive and false negative results of IC were associated to axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND). Also, we addressed a comparative cost analysis between techniques.Methods244 patients treated for breast cancer in the Breast Unit of Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol from 2011 to 2015 were prospectively included. A transversal, consecutive design was applied to assess IC compared to the reference test (OSNA). Inclusion criteria were: T1 and T2 tumors with negative nodes, both clinically and on ultrasound.ResultsSensitivity of IC for macrometastases was 70%. The NPV of IC for macrometastases was 95,75%. Accuracy of IC was 96,12%. In the comparative cost analysis, the release time of results for OSNA doubled that of IC and was associated with an increased cost of € 370.ConclusionsIC has been stated as a good technique for intraoperative cancer involvement SN with high sensitivity and NPV compared to the OSNA assay. It allows keeping the whole node tissue and thus the possibility of improved histopathological evaluation, which can be useful for adjuvant, and offers the advantage of being less time consuming. Cost analysis shows a higher cost for OSNA, which may exceed the benefit of sorting out false negatives from IC.     

纤维结合蛋白在重症急性胰腺炎相关肺损伤中的作用

目的：探讨FN在大鼠重症急性胰腺炎相关肺损伤发病机制中的作用。方法：30只雌性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、胰腺炎2、4、8、12小时组。采用5％牛磺胆酸钠逆行胰胆管注射的方法,复制大鼠重症急性胰腺炎相关肺损伤模型。分别对胰腺损伤、肺损伤程度进行病理评分,测定肺组织湿／干质量比、胰腺组织湿重、血清淀粉酶,用ELISA法检测血浆FN含量,用半定量RT-PCR．法检测肺组织中的FN mRANA水平。结果：造模后各组,肺损伤评分、胰腺损伤评分、肺组织湿／干质量比、胰腺组织湿重及血清淀粉酶均逐渐升高。造模后各组血浆及肺组织的FN均较正常组降低。结论：大鼠重症急性胰腺炎相关肺损伤发病过程中,血浆及肺组织FN表达明显降低。提示FN在重症急性胰腺炎相关肺损伤中可能起重要作用。     

Cost-effectiveness of interferon-gamma release assay screening for latent tuberculosis infection treatment in Germany

OBJECTIVES: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the new QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-G) [Cellestis; Carnegie, VIC, Australia] assay for screening and treating of persons who have had close contact with tuberculosis (TB) patients and are suspected of having latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) [hereafter called close-contacts] in Germany. METHODS: The health and economic outcomes of isoniazid treatment of 20-year-old close-contacts were compared in a Markov model over a period of 20 years, using two different cutoff values for the tuberculin skin test (TST), the QFT-G assay alone, or the QFT-G assay as a confirmatory test for the TST results. RESULTS: QFT-G assay-based treatment led to cost savings of $542.9 and 3.8 life-days gained per LTBI case. TST-based treatment at a 10-mm induration size cutoff gained $177.4 and 2.0 life-days gained per test-positive contact. When the cutoff induration size for the TST was reduced to 5 mm, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio fell below the willingness-to-pay threshold ($30,170 per life-years gained) but resulted in unnecessary treatment of 77% of contacts owing to false-positive TST results. Combination with the 5-mm induration size TST cutoff value compared to the results of the QFT-G assay alone reduced the total costs per 1,000 contacts by 1.8% to $222,869. The number treated to prevent 1 TB case was 22 for the two QFT-G assay-based procedures, 40 for the TST at a cutoff induration size of 10 mm, and 96 for the TST at a cutoff induration size of 5 mm. When the sensitivity rates of the TST and the QFT-G assay were compounded, the QFT-G assay strategy alone was slightly less costly (0.6%) than the two-step approach. CONCLUSIONS: Using the QFT-G assay, but especially combining the QFT-G assay following the TST screening of close-contacts at a cutoff induration size of 5 mm before LTBI treatment is highly cost-effective in reducing the disease burden of TB.     

Spirometric criteria for airway obstruction: Use percentage of FEV1/FVC ratio below the fifth percentile, not < 70%

BACKGROUND: Current authoritative spirometry guidelines use conflicting percentage of FEV1/FVC ratios (FEV1/FVC%) to define airway obstruction. The American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Task Force characterizes obstruction as a FEV1/FVC% below the statistically defined fifth percentile of normal. However, many recent publications continue to use the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) primary criterion that defines obstruction as a FEV1/FVC% < 70%. Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III) should identify and quantify differences, help resolve this conflict, and reduce inappropriate medical and public health decisions resulting from misidentification. METHODS: Using these two guidelines, individual values of FEV1/FVC% were compared by decades in 5,906 healthy never-smoking adults and 3,497 current-smokers of black (African American), Hispanic (Latin), or white ethnicities aged 20.0 to 79.9 years. RESULTS: In the never-smoking population, the lower limits of normal used in other reference equations fit reasonably well the NHANES-III statistically defined fifth percentile guidelines. But nearly one half of young adults with FEV1/FVC% below the NHANES-III fifth percentile of normal were misidentified as normal because their FEV1/FVC% was > 70% (abnormals misidentified as normal). Approximately one fifth of older adults with observed FEV1/FVC% above the NHANES-III fifth percentile had FEV1/FVC% ratios < 70% (normals misidentified as abnormal). CONCLUSIONS: The GOLD guidelines misidentify nearly one half of abnormal younger adults as normal and misidentify approximately one fifth of normal older adults as abnormal.