良性淋巴上皮病、淋巴上皮癌、MALT淋巴瘤的关系

良性淋巴上皮病(benign lymphoepithelial lesion)、淋巴上皮癌(lymphoepithelial carcinoma)、黏膜相关淋巴组织型结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(MALT淋巴瘤)(extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT lymphoma)是3种性质不同但又存在某些关联的病变,本文对3种病变的病因、组织病理学表现及三者之间的关系进行了介绍,并结合叶为民等论文中的一些内容进行了简要探讨。     

Klotho is a genetic risk factor for ischemic stroke caused by cardioembolism in Korean females

An aging-suppressor gene, klotho, is a candidate factor for vascular disease because its deficiency leads to impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation and impaired angiogenesis. We investigated the association of polymorphisms in klotho with ischemic stroke. We searched for sequence variants in promoter and exons of klotho gene. For the association study, selected variants were genotyped in control subjects and in patients with ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. The association with ischemic stroke was further investigated with its subtypes classified based on Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST). No significant association was observed for both G-395A and C1818T with ischemic stroke and vascular dementia (P > 0.05). The analysis with subtypes of ischemic stroke revealed the associations that the A allele of G-395A increased the risk of cardioembolic stroke (CE, OR = 2.60; P = 0.006), and subjects carrying the A allele were susceptible to CE in both of dominant (AA + GA versus GG; OR = 2.50; P = 0.046) and recessive (AA versus GA + GG; OR = 6.52; P = 0.007) models. Further analysis of data partitioned by gender showed that the associations of G-395A with CE only existed in women (A versus G; OR = 4.33; P = 0.002), AA + GA versus GG; OR = 5.68; P = 0.014, and AA versus GA + GG; OR = 9.07; P = 0.012), but the significance disappeared in men (P > 0.05). The sequence variant of G-395A in klotho might be a genetic risk factor for CE in females.     

Infective endocarditis at a Hospital of the University of Kiel, 1958–1987

Summary The clinical courses of 214 patients with infective endocarditis treated between 1958 and 1987 at the First Medical Hospital of the University of Kiel (FRG) were analyzed retrospectively. A decrease in the incidence of endocarditis occurred during the 30-year observation period. The mean age of patients was 48 years, and men were more frequently affected than women. In the course of the investigation, a rise in isolated aortic valve disease was noted, whereas the number of patients with isolated involvement of the mitral valve and combined mitral-aortic valvular defects declined. Streptococci (57%) were the most frequent pathogens isolated; as opposed to their increase, the percentages ofStaphylococcus aureus and enterococci decreased. Otolaryngological, dentogenic and urogenital diseases were most frequently held to be responsible for the development of infective endocarditis. Prior cardiosurgical interventions became increasingly significant as a cause of the disease. In this connection, a rising percentage of endocarditis cases was linked with prosthetically replaced heart valves. Complications and concomitant symptoms of endocarditis included the development of heart failure, cerebral embolism and encephalitis, splenomegaly, and renal inflammation. Finally, the marked decrease in mortality contrasted with a simultaneous rise in the number of endocarditis cases achieving full recovery.     

广东省人群中人嗜T细胞病毒Ⅰ型感染的血清流行病学调查及其与人类疾病的关系

收集广东省各类人群血清标本２２２４份，用间接免疫荧光法检测人类嗜Ｔ细胞病毒Ⅰ型（ＨＴＬＶ－１）抗体，结果：ＨＴＬＶ－１抗体阳性３５份，总阳性率为１．５７％；其中健康人群血清１８１０份，抗体阳性２３份，阳性率为１２７％；献血员血清２４８份，抗体阳性１份，阳性率０４０％；白血病患者血清１０９份，阳性８份，阳性率７３４％，与健康人群比较，有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜０００５）；神经系统疾病患者血清５７份，阳性３份，阳性率５２６％。     

2019年广东省部分地区感染性腹泻病原学及人轮状病毒分子流行病学特征

目的 对感染性腹泻样本进行检测鉴定,并对轮状病毒A组进行病毒分离,研究2019年广东省部分地区感染性腹泻病原学及轮状病毒分子流行病学特征。方法 2019年1月1日至2020年1月12日,采集广东省广州市、东莞市和江门市临床感染性腹泻患者粪便样本,进行多重RT-PCR扩增和微球杂交技术检测鉴定,并对轮状病毒A组阳性样本进行分离后,采用半巢式PCR试验对阳性细胞培养物进行G/P基因分型。结果 共纳入706例合格病例,病原体总检出率43.06%,病毒检出率18.13%高于细菌检出率8.36%高于寄生虫检出率1.27%。病毒病原谱以轮状病毒A组G9P[8]和诺如病毒GII型感染为主,细菌病原谱以沙门菌和艰难梭菌为主,寄生虫以蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫为首。不同季度、不同年龄组病原谱构成各不相同。轮状病毒A组主要受累群体为≤5岁儿童,主要时间分布于1—4月,基因型呈现多样性,包括G2P[4]、G3P[8]和G9P[8]。结论 2019年广东省部分地区感染性腹泻病毒类病原体高于细菌类高于寄生虫类,轮状病毒A组G9P[8]、诺如GII型、沙门菌和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫是最主要的病原体,且G9P[8]型A组轮状病毒毒株在轮状病毒感染中占主导趋势。在防控病毒性和细菌性腹泻的同时,应警惕寄生虫所致腹泻并重视混合感染的病原学监测。     

宫颈癌患者血清硒含量分析

目的　探讨微量元素硒在子宫颈癌发生中所起的作用。方法　采用AFS12 0 1型原子荧光光度计对4 4例宫颈癌患者 ,18例宫颈良性疾患及 2 0例健康人血清硒含量进行了检测。结果　宫颈癌患者血清硒含量1 0 6± 0 18μmol/l明显低于宫颈良性疾患 1 2 8± 0 17μmol/l及健康人 1 2 8± 0 2 4 μmol/l,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。结论　宫颈癌发病与硒缺乏有关 ,对宫颈癌患者适当补硒 ,可能是一种合理、有效的治疗手段     

巯甲丙脯酸用于流行性出血热治疗临床观察

目的观察巯甲丙脯酸用于流行性出血热治疗的临床效果。方法病人随机分为A、B、C3组,A组在进入少尿期口服巯甲丙脯酸25mg,日3次;B组在少尿期并发高血压时开始服用,剂量方法同A组。C组在少尿期并发高血压时口服复方降压片1～2片,每日3次。其他治疗相同。结果A组无1例发生高血压;B组用药后4～6小时血压开始下降,72小时后血压稳定且正常。C组血压偏高。A、B组肾功能恢复快,并发症少,病程短。结论巯甲丙脯酸用于治疗流行性出血热可减少或防止急性肾功能衰竭,减少并发症。     

先天性巨结肠发病的部分影响因素调查

目的 采用调查问卷的方式,对先天性巨结肠患儿母孕期状况及家庭史进行调查分析,探讨先天性巨结肠发病的部分影响因素,以期为防病提供临床参考。方法 对60例先天性巨结肠和40例正常儿童进行统一问卷调查,采用逐步回归分析的方法发现与先天性巨结肠的发病部分可能有关的因素。结果 先天性巨结肠的发病部分可能有关的因素是母孕期被动吸烟状况、患儿性别、母孕期有害物质接触史和家庭恶性肿瘤病史。结论环境和遗传因素与先天性巨结肠的发生有一定关系。     

噬血细胞综合征研究进展

噬血细胞综合征 ( HPS)是 T细胞介导的组织细胞异常增生 ,部分病例已证实 TCRγ或 β基因的单克隆重排。半数病例进展急剧 ,预后不良 ,缺乏特效治疗 ;重症病例早期异基因骨髓移植优于常规化疗或免疫抑制治疗。临床和细胞形态学、组织学与恶性组织细胞增生症 ( MH )十分相似 ,尚缺乏特异鉴别标记。 HPS比 MH多见 ,部分病例常误认为 MH。本文就 HPS有关资料 ,对该病的发病学、临床表现、实验室检查、治疗及转归进行系统复习