Treatment of 100 cases of children’s nocturnal enuresis with acupoint sticking therapy

Summary Daiwenjiu Gao plasters were stuck onto the following two groups of acupoints, group 1 including acupoints Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36) and group2 including acupoints Zhongji (CV 3), Pangguangshu (BL 28) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), to treat 100 cases of infantile enuresis, the results showed that 92 cases were cured, 6 cases got remarkable effect, 2 cases got effect, with total effective rate being 100%.      

The efficacy of the addition of short-term desmopressin to alarm therapy in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis

OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of the addition of short-term desmopressin to enuretic alarm in patients with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 58 [corrected] children with PMNE were included in this study. The patients were randomized into two groups. In group 1 (n=30), the patients were given 6 weeks of additional oral desmopressin to 12 weeks of enuretic alarm therapy, as a single dose of 0.2 mg at the first 3 weeks and 0.4 mg at the following 3 weeks. In group 2 (n=28), the patients were given 12 weeks of enuretic alarm therapy alone. According to the number of wet nights after 12 weeks of treatment, the patients were defined as complete responders (dry or more than 75% reduction in wet nights), partial responders (50 to 75% reduction) and non-responders (less than 50% reduction). Relapse was defined as the reappearance of >1 wet night per week for complete responders and >50% increase in pre-treatment wetting frequency for partial responders, and all these patients were called relapsers. RESULTS: The mean number of wet nights after 3 and 6 weeks treatment was significantly lower in group 1 compared to group 2. However, there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the mean number of wet nights after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the number of responders, partial responders, non-responders and relapsers. In the group with additional desmopressin therapy given, the number of patients who abandoned therapy was lower than the alarm therapy alone group, but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our data showed that the addition of short-term desmopressin to alarm therapy was more effective only in the period when it was given, and it did not change the response to alarm therapy in the long term.     

Pupillometric assessment of autonomic nervous system in children with functional enuresis

Functional enuresis is defined as repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes in children after 5 years of age following the exclusion of major somatic diseases. Autonomic nervous system dysregulation has been proposed as a pathophysiologic mechanism in the etiopathogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate autonomic nervous system functions with pupil diameter measurement in enuretic children. The study group consisted of 17 children with functional enuresis (ten boys, seven girls), and the control group consisted of 34 healthy children (20 boys, 14 girls). Pupil diameter measurements were performed under photopic and mesopic lighting conditions by using a pupillometer. Mean photopic pupil diameter was found to be larger in the enuretic children than in the healthy controls (4.47 ± 0.52 mm vs. 4.03 ± 0.75 mm; P = 0.03). Autonomic nervous system imbalance of the ocular system is considered to be part of the autonomic nervous system dysregulation in functional enuretic children.     

原发性夜间遗尿症的治疗进展

原发性夜间遗尿症是儿童常见的一种疾病.该文综述了国内外原发性夜间遗尿症的治疗方案.遗尿警报和去氨基精加压素是原发性夜间遗尿症的一线治疗措施.治疗难治的遗尿患者可尝试使用抗胆碱能药物联合去氨基精加压素.对于其他治疗措施均无效的重型遗尿,可选用抗抑郁药丙咪嗪,但应注意其严重的心脏不良反应.对于治疗抵抗的原发性夜间遗尿症,目前需要更进一步的关于药物之间和药物和非药物治疗之间疗效的研究.     

小学生蛲虫感染与遗尿的相关性研究

目的 探讨小学生蛲虫感染与遗尿的相关性。方法 采用透明胶纸法检查蛲虫感染，采用问卷调查方式了解有无遗尿现象以及每周遗尿次数等情况，并与正常人比较遗尿的发生率。结果 蛲虫感染者和正常小学生，其遗尿的发生率分别为4．71％和1．78％，两者之间有显著性差异。结论 有蛲虫感染的小学生其遗尿的发生率明显高于正常小学生，因此，对原因不明的遗尿者，应检查是否有蛲虫感染。     

小儿原发性遗尿症治疗方法选择及疗效评价

目的　通过针对病理生理改变治疗方案与常规联合药物治疗方案治疗原发性遗尿症(PNE)的对比研究 ,探讨PNE的合理治疗方法。方法　实验组患儿 92例 ,男 53例 ,女 39例 ,年龄 5～ 1 3 .5岁 ,中位年龄 7.8岁。每周总遗尿次数 5～ 1 8次。根据夜间自然充盈状态的尿动力学、动态脑电图、排尿日记结果 ,将其病理生理变化分成 5型 ,针对各自病理生理特点选择治疗方案 ;对照组 63例 ,男 38例 ,女 2 5例 ,年龄 5～ 1 4岁 ,中位年龄 8.0岁。每周总遗尿次数 5～ 1 8次 ,直接以DDAVP +奥宁进行联合药物治疗。两组患儿治疗时间 3个月 ,随访 1 2个月 ,年龄、性别构成、尿床次数、遗尿量、遗尿发生的时间无差异。结果　疗程结束后第 3个月随访 ,实验组治愈率为 78.3 % ,对照组为68.3 % ,疗效无差异 (P <0 .0 5) ;第 6个月随访 ,实验组治愈率 67.3 % ,对照组 50 .1 % ,疗效有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5) ;第 1 2个月随访 ,实验组治愈率 65 .2 % ,对照组 39.7% ,疗效显著差异 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　针对病理生理改变而制定的治疗方案是治疗PNE合理治疗方案     

家族聚集性原发性夜间遗尿症患儿尿动力学研究

目的 探讨家族聚集性因素对原发性夜间遗尿症(PNE)患儿影响.方法 选取PNE患儿115例,依据PNE先症者三代家族其他成员是否累及,分为家族聚集性(FPNE组,45例)和散发性(SPNE组,70例).填写调查表评估觉醒功能、记录排尿日记和完成白天尿动力学检查.结果 FPNE组重度PNE、非单症状性PNE和小容量膀胱发生率分别为27%、58%和44%,均显著高于SPNE组的7%、21%和21%(P＜0.05),而夜间多尿和觉醒障碍发生率在二组之间的差异无统计学意义.FPNE组逼尿肌过度活跃和尿动力学功能性膀胱出口阻力增加发生率为53%和60%,分别显著高于SPNE组的19%和37%(P＜0.05).最大排尿量和最大膀胱压测定容量在对照组、SPNE组和FPNE组之间逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 家族聚集性因素可使PNE发生膀胱功能障碍风险增加,尿动力学检查为其治疗提供客观依据.     

Nocturnal enuresis in children in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Aim: To determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: In all, 506 questionnaires were sent to parents of children aged 6–12 years randomly selected from four primary schools in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. The questionnaire was designed to collect information about prevalence and factors associated with nocturnal enuresis. Results: A total of 415 (82.0%) were correctly completed. In this series, 109 children were identified as nocturnal enuresis in which 50 boys and 56 girls (p > 0.05). Factors associated with nocturnal enuresis were deep sleep, young age and familial history of enuresis (p < 0.05). Only 11% of patients have been consulted by doctors. Twelve children (11.0%) were treated by healers traditional. In the other part, 43 children (39.4%) were frequently punished by their parents. The common self‐help strategies were 79 children (72.5%) were submitted to fluid restrictions before going to sleep and 68 (62.4%) were waking the child at night to void. Conclusion: In Kinshasa, the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was high to those reported in Asian and Western countries. Nocturnal enuresis remains an important clinical problem in children but only a small percentage of parents seek medical help.