医院集团财务集中管理探讨

医院集团财务集中管理能更合理地配置医院资产、发挥集团优势及提高资本运营效率。该文分析财务集中管理的优点,提出医院集团财务集中管理的切实可行的实施方案,指出实行财务集中管理中应注意的问题。     

Comparison of two nucleic acid extraction and testing systems for HCMV-DNA detection and quantitation on whole blood specimens from transplant patients

Quantitative detection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA on whole blood is currently the primary choice for virological monitoring in transplant patients and for determining the appropriate antiviral strategy, however specific issues of variability remain in terms of extraction methods, amplification efficiency, and variability. This study compared the performance characteristics of two nucleic acid extraction and testing systems for HCMV-DNA quantitation, the artus^® CMV QS-RGQ kit, associated with a fully automated DNA extraction and assay set up by Qiagen (system 1) and the Q-CMV Real Time Complete kit by Nanogen, associated with a semiautomated nucleic acid extraction system by Biomérieux (system 2) in 189 specimens from transplant patients and 10 from 2012 HCMV Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD). The two systems exhibited a 80.4% concordance. Differences between the two systems were within ±1 log₁₀ copies/ml of the averaged log₁₀ results for 88.9% of the tested specimens. For all qualitatively discordant specimens, mean viral load was ≤3 log₁₀ copies/ml. Considering viral load measurement, system 1 gave earlier positives that system 2, with a 14.8% of specimens resulted positive at low viral loads with system 1 and negative with system 2. In QCMD specimens, difference was below 0.7 log₁₀ copies/ml for both the systems.     

基于DEA视角的安徽省卫生健康事业投入与产出效率评价

目的 分析安徽省卫生健康事业投入与产出效率,为区域卫生健康事业发展规划提供参考。方法 采用数据包络分析方法对安徽省16个市2011～2017年的卫生投入产出效率进行测算。结果 2011～2017年,皖北年均总体技术效率和纯技术效率（0.976、0.983）均高于皖南（0.937、0.941）、皖中（0.902、0.913）;皖南年均规模技术效率（0.996）高于皖北（0.993）、皖中（0.989）。结论 安徽省卫生健康事业发展模式亟待转变,应继续落实落细分级诊疗,打造结构合理的高素质医疗卫生人才队伍,构建现代化公立医院管理体系。     

Comparative Study of Three Commonly Used Methods for Hospital Efficiency Analysis in Beijing Tertiary Public Hospitals,China

Background:

Tertiary hospitals serve as the medical service center within the region and play an important role in the medical and health service system. They are also the key targets of public hospital reform in the new era in China. Through the reform of health system, the public hospital efficiency has changed remarkably. Therefore, this study aimed to provide some advice for efficiency assessment of public hospitals in China by comparing and analyzing the consistency of results obtained by three commonly used methods for examining hospital efficiency, that is, ratio analysis (RA), stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), and data envelopment analysis (DEA).

Methods:

The theoretical basis, operational processes, and the application status of RA, SFA, and DEA were learned through literature analysis. Then, the empirical analysis was conducted based on measured data from 51 tertiary public hospitals in Beijing from 2009 to 2011.

Results:

The average values of hospital efficiency calculated by SFA with index screening and principal component analysis (PCA) results and those calculated by DEA with index screening results were relatively stable. The efficiency of specialized hospitals was higher than that of general hospitals and that of traditional Chinese medicine hospitals. The results obtained by SFA with index screening results and the results obtained by SFA with PCA results showed a relatively high correlation (r-value in 2009, 2010, and 2011 were 0.869, 0.753, and 0.842, respectively, P < 0.01). The correlation between results obtained by DEA with index screening results and PCA results and results obtained by other methods showed statistical significance, but the correlation between results obtained by DEA with index screening results and PCA results was lower than that between results obtained by SFA with index screening results and PCA results.

Conclusions:

RA is not suitable for multi-index evaluation of hospital efficiency. In the given conditions, SFA is a stable efficiency analysis method. In the evaluation of hospital efficiency, DEA combined with PCA should be adopted with caution due to its poor stability.     

新型便携式内镜系统用于上消化道内镜检查的实验研究

目的通过动物实验初步评估新型便携式内镜系统用于上消化道内镜检查的操作性能、有效性和安全性。方法采用平行对照、非劣效研究,选取10头健康巴拿猪作为研究对象,1名内镜医师使用日本Olympus内镜系统(型号GIF-Q260),另一名内镜医师使用新型便携式内镜系统,对10头健康巴拿猪按照先新型便携式内镜系统后Olympus内镜系统的顺序进行上消化道内镜检查,采用量化评分指标,对新型便携式内镜系统进行器械质量评价、图像质量评价和安全性评价。结果新型便携式内镜系统单人操作时,展开和收纳用时分别为(110.24±8.93)s和(91.33±11.59)s,戴内镜一次性保护套用时(233.48±17.06)s。器械质量评价方面,新型便携式内镜系统的水气吸引性能不如Olympus内镜系统,吸引400 mL生理盐水所需时间为(56.44±5.18)s,用时多于Olympus内镜系统(型号GIF-Q260)的(33.71±3.56)s,但本新型便携式内镜系统吸引仍符合医疗器械技术要求(吸引量>400 mL/min);其他性能(包括整机密封性、活检通道、镜身坚柔、旋钮操作、镜身弯曲度、视野范围)与Olympus内镜系统相当。图像质量评价方面,新型便携式内镜系统的性能(包括图像清晰度、图像变形及失真、图像颜色分辨率、图像照度、图像质量综合评价)与Olympus内镜系统相近。安全性评价方面,仅使用Olympus内镜系统操作时有1头猪出现恶心症状,使用新型便携式内镜系统操作时的10头猪未发生呕吐、咽喉部出血、心脏骤停等不良事件。结论新型便携式内镜系统展收方便,操作安全性好,内镜操作性能和有效性与临床常用内镜系统相当,不足之处在于水气吸引性能略差于临床常用内镜系统,但仍符合医疗器械技术要求,可以满足上消化道内镜检查。     

两种黏膜切开刀在食管病变内镜黏膜下剥离术中的有效性及安全性比较

目的比较单极内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)电刀（简称T刀）与Dual刀在ESD治疗食管病变中的有效性及安全性。方法纳入2018年6月—2019年1月期间就诊于苏州大学附属第一医院、诊断为食管病变且行ESD治疗的59例患者,采用随机数字表法分为Dual刀组（30例）及T刀组（29例）。比较两组操作时间、切除速度、完全切除率以及并发症发生率等情况。结果T刀组与Dual刀组患者在性别、年龄、合并症等方面差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。T刀组、Dual刀组的手术时间分别为（57.86±24.62）min和（66.28±29.48）min,差异有统计学意义（t=1.189,P=0.024）;切除速度分别为（22.80±7.31）mm2/min和（16.20±7.24）mm2/min,差异有统计学意义（t=3.484,P=0.001）;病灶完全切除率分别为86.2%（25/29）和86.7%（26/30）,差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.108,P=0.742）。T刀组出现并发症2例（6.9%）,Dual刀组并发症共5例（16.7%）,两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.574,P=0.449）。两组均未见术后穿孔、出血情况。结论在食管病变ESD中,T刀相较于Dual刀能缩短手术时间,提高切除速度,安全性、有效性具有一定优势。     

Utilisation de l’activité physique pour la prise en charge thérapeutique de l’épisode dépressif caractérisé chez l’adulte

The impact of exercise has been the subject of significant work for two to three decades. The results of these studies have enabled national and international comities to issue specific recommendations. Their impact on physical health is now well documented. The effect of physical activity on mental health in general, and for the management of major depressive disorder in particular, is the subject of more recent interest. The purpose of this article is first to carry out a review of the literature on this subject in order to identify the level of evidence of the effectiveness of use of exercise in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Secondly, the known data on the impact of physical exercise on physical health are summarized. Finally, the article provides an update on the regulatory framework for its use in France and the methods of use in current practice by the clinician.     

Cost‐effectiveness of treating vascular leg ulcers with UrgoStart® and UrgoCell® Contact

Although chronic wounds have a high socio‐economic impact, data on comparative effectiveness of treatments are rare. UrgoStart^® is a hydroactive dressing containing a nano‐oligosaccharide factor (NOSF). This study aimed at evaluating the cost‐effectiveness of this NOSF‐containing wound dressing in vascular leg ulcers compared with a similar neutral foam dressing (UrgoCell^® Contact) without NOSF. Cost‐effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the German statutory health care system was performed using a decision tree model for a period of 8 weeks. Cost and outcome data were derived from the clinical study ‘Challenge’ suggesting a response rate (≥40% wound size reduction) of UrgoStart^® of 65·6% versus 39·4% for the comparator. In the treatment model, effect‐adjusted costs of €849·86 were generated after 8 weeks for treatment with UrgoStart^® versus €1335·51 for the comparator resulting in an effect‐adjusted cost advantage of €485·64 for UrgoStart^®. In linear sensitivity analyses, the outcomes were stable for varying assumptions on prices and response rates. In an 8‐week period of treatment for vascular leg ulcers, UrgoStart^® shows superior cost‐effectiveness when compared with the similar neutral foam dressing without any active component (NOSF). As demonstrated within a randomised, double‐blind clinical trial, UrgoStart^® is also more effective in wound area reduction than the neutral foam dressing. Wound healing was not addressed in this clinical trial. Follow‐up data of 12 months to allow for reulceration assessment were not generated.