冠心病心肌缺血患者心功能与血清生化指标的相关性

目的 探讨冠心病心肌缺血患者心功能指标左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、A/E峰比值(A/E)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心房内径(LAD)与血清生化指标缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)的相关性...     

Association of body mass index with risk of prediabetes in Chinese adults: A population‐based cohort study

Aims/IntroductionOverweight and obesity in adults are strongly associated with an increased risk of prediabetes, and this study set out to gain a better understanding of the optimal body mass index (BMI) range for assessing the risk of prediabetes in the Chinese population.Materials and MethodsThe cohort study included 100,309 Chinese adults who underwent health screening. Participants were divided into six groups based on the cut‐off point for BMI recommended by the World Health Organization (underweight: <18.5 kg/m², normal‐weight: 18.5–24.9 kg/m², pre‐obese: 25.0–29.9 kg/m², obese class I: 30.0–34.9 kg/m², obese class II: 35.0–39.9 kg/m², and obese class III ≥40 kg/m²). The association of BMI with prediabetes and the shape of the correlation were modeled using multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic spline regression, respectively.ResultsIn the multivariate Cox regression model, with normal weight as the control group, underweight people had a lower risk of developing prediabetes, whereas obese and pre‐obese people had a higher risk of prediabetes. Additionally, in the restricted cubic spline model, we found that the association of BMI with prediabetes follows a positive dose–response relationship, but does not conform to the pattern of obesity paradox. Among the general population in China, a BMI of 23.03 kg/m² might be a potential intervention threshold for prediabetes.ConclusionsThe national cohort study found that the association of BMI with prediabetes follows a positive dose–response relationship, rather than a pattern of obesity paradox. For Chinese people with normal weight, more attention should be paid to glucose metabolism when BMI exceeds 23.03 kg/m².     

Efficacy and safety of once‐weekly semaglutide in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes by baseline age and body mass index

Aims/IntroductionMany East Asians with type 2 diabetes are elderly and have a low body mass index (BMI), especially in ''super‐aged'' populations, such as Japan. This post‐hoc analysis assessed once‐weekly semaglutide efficacy and safety in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes across baseline age and BMI subgroups.Materials and MethodsData were derived from the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) Japan monotherapy and SUSTAIN Japan oral antidiabetes drug (OAD) combination trials comparing once‐weekly semaglutide with sitagliptin or OADs, respectively. Participants were grouped by baseline age (<65 and ≥65 years) and/or BMI (<25 and ≥25 kg/m²). Reductions from baseline in glycosylated hemoglobin and bodyweight (efficacy), and adverse events (safety) were assessed.ResultsIn this analysis, participants from the SUSTAIN Japan monotherapy trial (n = 308; n per subgroup; range, 8–73) and SUSTAIN Japan OAD combination trial (n = 601; n per subgroup; range, 20–168) were included. Reductions in glycosylated hemoglobin and bodyweight were numerically greater with semaglutide versus comparators across all age and BMI subgroups. Reductions from baseline in glycosylated hemoglobin ranged from –1.7 to –2.1 with semaglutide 0.5 mg, –1.8 to –2.4 with semaglutide 1.0 mg and –0.6 to –1.0 with comparators. Corresponding ranges for bodyweight (kg) were –1.0 to –2.5, –2.4 to –4.3 and 1.0 to –1.0 kg, respectively. The safety profile of semaglutide was broadly similar across BMI and age subgroups.ConclusionsIn this post‐hoc analysis with modest subgroup numbers, once‐weekly semaglutide appeared consistently more efficacious versus comparators across age and BMI subgroups in Japanese patients, with a similar safety profile.     

Evaluation of lung function and clinical features of interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injections: a randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveInterlaminar cervical epidural steroid injections (ICESIs) are commonly used to treat axial neck pain and cervical radicular pain. However, local anesthetics can spread to and block the phrenic nerve and upper segments of the thoracic spinal cord where the sympathetic innervation of the lungs emerges. Therefore, changes in lung function may occur following ICESIs.MethodsThe primary outcome measure was the pulmonary function test (PFT) result 30 minutes before and after ICESI with ropivacaine (0.1875% or 0.25%). The secondary outcome measure was the comparison of the pain scores and functional disability between the two concentrations of ropivacaine 4 weeks after the ICESIs.ResultsFifty patients were randomly assigned to either the R1 (0.1875% ropivacaine) or R2 (0.25% ropivacaine) group. No significant difference was observed between the pre-ICESI and 30-minute post-ICESI PFT results within each group, and no difference was observed between the two groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, both groups showed a significant decrease in pain scores and functional disability; however, no significant differences were observed between the two groups.ConclusionsThis study showed no significant change in lung function after ICESIs in either group and no local anesthetic concentration-based difference in the clinical efficacy of the ICESIs.     

我国肿瘤免疫治疗经济学评价研究现状与挑战

随着肿瘤免疫治疗的快速发展,其经济学评价也在逐步推进.由于免疫疗法与传统治疗在作用机制、临床效果等方面均有较大差异,不同药物之间的药学特征和临床疗效也不同,因此在进行经济学评价时应做出相应的调整.以目前在我国上市的PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂为例,对国内现有药物经济学评价进行总结,分析肿瘤免疫疗法经济学评价面临的挑战,如...     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

老年人体质计算机评价系统的开发

目的拟建立一套简捷有效的老年人体质测试的计算机评价系统。方法在国民体质监测制定的标准和运动建议的基础上,运用目前较为常用的编程语言Visual Basic对体质测试评价的过程进行程序设计和编制。结果开发出一套计算机评价系统,并给予个性化的运动建议,有利于老年人进行体育锻炼。结论本程序可以提高体质测试评价的效率,适合当代国民体质测试的需要。该设计过程及方法亦可以运用于儿童、青少年、成年人等各年龄群体的体质评价程序的研制。     

清炎颗粒治疗小鼠肾盂肾炎的实验研究

目的:探讨清炎颗粒治疗肾盂肾炎的作用机制。方法:采用孙建实方法改进造模,除空白组正常喂养外,治疗组给予清炎颗粒,模型组给予生理盐水,对照组给予至灵胶囊灌胃,分别喂养至3,7,15,30,60 d处死。取胸腺称重,计算胸腺指数,并取肾做病理分析。结果:清炎颗粒能提高不同时段小鼠的胸腺指数,并减轻相应时段的病理改变。结论:清炎颗粒通过提高小鼠的免疫功能来达到治疗肾盂肾炎的目的。     

苦参半仿生提取法与水提取法的比较

目的:选择苦参药效物质较佳的提取方法。方法:以苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、苦参总碱、HPLC总面积、干浸膏为指标,综合评判,对苦参半仿生提取法与水提取法进行比较。结果:5种指标成分及综合评价Y值顺序皆为:半仿生提取法>水提取法。结论:苦参药材提取用半仿生提取法优于水提取法。     

心脏彩色多普勒超声对高血压性心脏病患者病情程度的评估价值

目的 探讨心脏彩色多普勒超声对高血压性心脏病患者病情程度的评估价值.方法 选取2018年9月至2019年10月深圳市龙岗区第二人民医院收治的高血压性心脏病患者40例分为观察组,同期选取健康者40例进行对照研究,分为对照组,所有入选对象均接受心脏彩色多普勒超声检查,对检查结果进行观察比较.结果 观察组射血分数、血流频谱E...