院外延续护理在极低出生体重早产儿中的应用

目的探讨延续护理在极低出生体重早产儿(VLBWI)出院后生长中的作用。方法选取2010年1月至2011年12月期间在我院出生的VLBWI 50例并分为两组。24例对照组患儿出院后由家长自行护理;26例观察组患儿出院后由我科资深护士进行延续护理,直至患儿1周岁。比较两组患儿出院后至1周岁期间的再入院率、死亡率,观察两组患儿1周岁时的体格发育、神经发育情况。结果随访期间再入院率的比较观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但死亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组存活患儿1周岁时的体格发育均近似于正常婴儿。观察组存活患儿1周岁MDI评分、PDI评分表现明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患儿MDI<70、PDI<70、脑瘫、失聪、神经发育损害例数及发生率均低于对照组,但两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论院外延续护理可降低VLBWI的再入院率和死亡率,改善患儿的神经发育。     

去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗大面积脑梗死患者几种护理模式的临床应用效果

目的:对比研究不同护理模式在去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗大面积脑梗死患者临床护理中的应用价值。方法:将襄阳市中心医院收治的120例大面积脑梗死患者随机分为A组、B组、C组,各组40例。A组进行常规护理,B组进行临床护理路径表护理,C组进行循证护理。于3组患者护理干预前后,根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分标准评价患者神经功能缺损程度,并根据格拉斯哥预后分级(Glasgow outcome scale,GOS)评价3组患者预后情况。结果:护理3个月、6个月后,C组患者NIHSS评分低于A组、B组(P<0.05),A组、 B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.0 5)。在预后良好率,A组、 B组、 C组依次为5 0%、6 2.5%、 8 2.5%, C组高于A组、 B组(P <0.0 5), A组、 B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.0 5)。结论:于大面积脑梗死患者行去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗中行循证护理能有效提高护理效果,改善患者神经功能缺损程度及预后。     

The impact of adding assistants in nursing to acute care hospital ward nurse staffing on adverse patient outcomes: An analysis of administrative health data

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of adding assistants in nursing to acute care hospital ward nurse staffing on adverse patient outcomes using administrative health data.DesignLogistic regression modelling was used with linked administrative health data to examine the association between seven adverse patient outcomes and use of assistants in nursing utilising a pre-test/post-test design. Outcomes included were in-hospital 30-day mortality, failure to rescue, urinary tract infection, pressure injury, pneumonia, sepsis and falls with injury.SettingEleven acute care metropolitan hospitals in Western Australia.SamplePatients were retained in the dataset if they spent any time on a medical, surgical or rehabilitation ward during their admission and excluded if they only spent time on other ward types, as the outcomes used in this study are only validated for these patient populations. There were 256,302 patient records in the total sample with 125,762 in the pre-test period (2006–2007) and 130,540 in the post-test period (2009–2010).ResultsThe results showed three significant increases in observed to expected adverse outcomes on the assistant in nursing wards (failure to rescue, urinary tract infection, falls with injury), with one significant decrease (mortality). On the non-assistant in nursing wards there was one significant decrease (pneumonia) in the observed to expected adverse outcomes and one significant increase (falls with injury). Post-test analysis showed that spending time on assistant in nursing wards was a significant predictor for urinary tract infection and pneumonia. For every 10% of extra time patients spent on assistant in nursing wards they had a 1% increase in the odds of developing a urinary tract infection and a 2% increase in the odds of developing pneumonia.ConclusionThe results suggest that the introduction of assistants in nursing into ward staffing in an additive role should be done under a protocol which clearly defines their role, scope of practice, and working relationship with registered nurses, and the impact on patient care should be monitored.     

Aquatic Therapy for a Child with Type III Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Case Report

ABSTRACT

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by degeneration of alpha motor neurons. This case report describes an aquatic therapy program and the outcomes for a 3-year-old girl with type III SMA. Motor skills were examined using the 88-item Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2), and the GAITRite system. The child received aquatic therapy twice per week for 45-min sessions, for 14 weeks. The intervention included aquatic activities designed to improve gross motor skills and age-appropriate functional mobility. The GMFM total score improved by 11% following the intervention. The Standing Dimension score improved by 28% and the Walking, Running, and Jumping Dimension score improved by 18%. The gross motor quotient for the PDMS-2 improved from 66 to 74. The child's gait showed improvement in walking velocity, stride length, and single-limb support time as a percentage of the gait cycle. The outcomes of this case report demonstrate the successful improvement of gross motor function and gait in a 3-year-old child with SMA. This study provides clinical information for therapists utilizing aquatic therapy as a modality for children with neuromuscular disorders.