复方缬芎提取物对心、脑组织微循环影响的实验研究

目的 :研究复方缬草 川芎提取物对心、脑组织微循环的影响。方法 :68Rb、99mTC摄入示踪法观察复方缬 芎对正常及缺血心肌和脑组织微循环的影响 ;以细胞培养法考察复方缬 芎对心肌细胞缺氧 /再给氧损伤的防护作用。结果 :复方缬 芎组的心肌组织摄取的68Rb量明显高于溶剂对照组 ,组间具有显著或极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ;复方缬 芎组的脑组织摄取的99mTC量明显高于溶剂对照组 ,组间具显著或极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ;复方缬 芎组缺氧 /再给氧损伤试验的心肌细胞LHD活性高于溶剂对照组 ,组间具显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :复方缬草 川芎提取物可以显著增加心、脑组织微循环灌流量 ;对垂体后叶素引起的心、脑缺血有良好的防护作用 ;对心肌细胞缺氧 /再给氧损伤具有明显的保护作用     

山柰根茎中一对磺酸化的双苯庚烷差向异构体(英文)

目的:为了从传统中药山柰中寻找新的活性化学成分。方法:应用D101大孔树脂,MCI,SephadexLH-20和制备液相等色谱方法对山柰根茎的乙醇提取物中水溶性部分进行分离纯化。结果:两个新的C-1磺酸化双苯庚烷差向异构体从山柰根茎中分离得到,分别命名为山柰磺酸A(1)和山柰磺酸B(2),并通过波谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构。两个化合物的绝对构型是通过比较电子激发圆二色谱(ECD)以及化学计算结合Mo2(OAc)4诱导圆二色谱(ICD)的方法确定。结论:化合物1和2为新化合物,并且首次对这两个化合物的绝对构型进行了确定。     

天然产物绝对构型的确定（英文）

天然产物结构研究一直是天然药物化学相关领域最重要的工作之一,尤其对天然产物绝对构型（AC）的确定更是具有挑战性的研究内容,目前得到国内外学者越来越多的关注。在过去的几十年里已发展了许多技术和方法用来确定天然产物的绝对构型,包括直接法（或绝对方法）,例如X射线单晶衍射（XRD）、电子圆二色谱（ECD）、振动圆二色谱（VCD）及拉曼光学活性（ROA）;使用已知绝对构型的参照物或衍生化试剂的间接法（或相对方法）,例如利用经验规则的圆二色谱,以及利用手性衍生化试剂各向异性效应的核磁共振法（NMR）。但由于这些方法适用的化合物类型和结构不尽相同,目前尚没有一种通用技术涵盖所有类型天然产物绝对构型的测定,我们只能灵活应用各种技术和方法才能确定大部分天然产物的绝对构型。本综述总结了大多数当前天然产物绝对构型测定中常用的以及具有潜在前景的技术和方法,并简要介绍了它们的原理及特点。     

Clinical usefulness of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 extracellular domain as a biomarker for monitoring cancer status and predicting the therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer

We assessed the clinical usefulness of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 extracellular domain (HER2ECD) as a biomarker for detecting cancer and monitoring disease status and for predicting the efficacy of anticancer treatment in breast cancer. Five-hundred and eighty serum samples from 252 patients with breast cancer were examined for the concentration of HER2ECD to compare with conventional tumor markers (CEA, CA15-3, NCC-ST439 and BCA225). Also, in 19 patients with HER2-overexpressed advanced or recurrent breast cancer who were treated with trastuzumab, clinical outcomes were evaluated retrospectively to determine whether their serum HER2ECD levels predict clinical responses. The proportion of patients with elevated HER2ECD levels was 15.1%, which was compatible with those with elevated conventional marker levels. In patients with HER2-overexpressed breast cancer, the positive rate of HER2ECD was significantly higher (24.1%) than those of conventional markers (7.4–12.9%), suggesting the usefulness of HER2ECD for detecting cancer in this population. HER2-overexpressed patients responding to trastuzumab (12 of 19 patients) showed significantly higher serum HER2ECD level (p = 0.033) and longer time to progression (TTP) (p = 0.039) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.031) than did patients not responding (seven patients). Furthermore, higher response rates were observed in patients with elevated HER2ECD levels than in patients without elevated HER2ECD levels (91.3% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.032), whereas there was no difference in survival between the two groups. The results suggest that HER2ECD is a useful biomarker not only for detecting breast cancer recurrence but also for predicting tumor responses to trastuzumab.     

Persistent ictal-like visual cortical excitability in chronic migraine

Episodic migraine (EM) may evolve into the more disabling chronic migraine (CM, monthly migraine days ? 8 and headache days ? 15) with unknown mechanism. Aiming to elucidate the pathophysiology of CM and its relationship with EM, this study characterized the visual cortical responses in CM and EM. Neuromagnetic visual-evoked responses to left-hemifield checkerboard reversals were obtained in patients with EM (interictal or ictal states), CM (interictal) and age-matched controls. For each subject, the 1500 evoked responses were sequentially divided into 30 blocks and percentage changes of P100m amplitude in blocks 2, 9, 16, 23, and 30 compared to the first block were computed to assess habituation. At the end of visual stimulation (block 30), P100m amplitude was decreased (habituated) in the controls (n = 32) (35.2 ± 2.6 nAm vs. 41.9 ± 2.7, p = 0.005) but increased (potentiated) in the interictal state of EM (n = 29) (39.7 ± 3.8 vs. 33.5 ± 3.0, p = 0.007). In CM (n = 25), P100m was habituated (46.5 ± 2.9 vs. 51.6 ± 3.7, p = 0.013) but higher at the initial block than in those of the interictal state of EM (p = 0.001). These CM features also characterized the P100m in the ictal state of EM (n = 9). There was no difference of P100m between CM and ictal state of EM. In conclusion, patients with CM demonstrate a persistent ictal-like excitability pattern of the visual cortex between migraine attacks which may implicate central inhibitory dysfunction.     

Liver transplantation with donors over the expected lifespan in the model for end‐staged liver disease era: is Mother Nature punishing us?

Background: The lack of sufficient donors to satisfy the waiting list requirements has prompted many to expand the acceptance criteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our liver transplantation (LT) experience with donors beyond the average lifespan. Patients and methods: From January 2008 to December 2009, we received 75 liver offers involving donors ≥75 years of age. Donor and recipient data were analysed by both uni‐ and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analyses. Results: We performed 32 adult liver transplants (43%). Half of the patients received organs through rescue allocations. Seven recipients (22%) developed initial poor function. Two had primary graft non‐function (PNF). Four recipients were re‐transplanted (two PNF and two ischaemic‐type bile lesions). One‐ and 3‐year cumulative survival was 62 and 51% respectively. PNF, lab model for end‐staged liver disease (MELD), post‐LT haemodialysis, post‐LT re‐operations and post‐LT sepsis were significant predictors by univariate analysis. Only PNF reached multivariate significance (P=0.0307). Rescue offer allocation reached significance as a predictor of PNF by general linear model forward analysis. One‐ and 3‐year ‘MELD based allocation’ (n=16) vs ‘rescue allocation’ (n=16) survival rates were 44 and 29% vs 82 and 76% respectively (P=0.0197). Conclusions: Although grafts from donors ≥75 years allow for an expansion of the donor pool, long‐term recipient survival is inferior to that encountered with younger donors. Acceptable results could be obtained by identifying ‘preferred’ recipients for rescue allocations.     

进展期胃癌患者新辅助化疗及术后血清Her-2/neu ECD水平变化

目的 探讨进展期胃癌患者行新辅助化疗及手术后血清Her-2/neu ECD水平的变化及临床意义.方法 采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测海口市人民医院胃肠外科2011年2月～2012年6月42例进展期胃癌患者在新辅助化疗及手术前后血清Her-2/neu ECD水平,并统计根治手术率,进行统计学分析.结果 42例进展期胃癌患者行新辅助化疗后,血清Her-2/neu/neu ECD水平57.14％(24/42)下降,33.33％(14/42)未变化,9.52％(4/42)升高;化疗后血清Her-2/neu ECD水平下降组根治性切除率75.0％(18/24),化疗后血清Her-2/neu ECD水平升高、不变组根治性切除率44.44％(8/18),组间差异有显著性(P＜0.05);而且根治性手术后患者与姑息术后患者血清Her-2/neu ECD水平下降率比较(分别为80.77％、31.25％),组间差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 动态检测进展期胃癌患者新辅助化疗及手术前后血清Her-2 /neu ECD水平变化对判断化疗、手术疗效及预后具有一定的临床意义.     

Characterization of ovine Toll-like receptor 9 protein coding region, comparative analysis, detection of mutations and maedi visna infection

One of the major roles of innate immunity system is the recognition and the determination of the nature of the antigen. This ability is encompassed by specific receptors as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLR9 recognizes bacterial and viral CpG motifs, while their potent immunostimulation effect seems to be promising for lentiviral therapies. Recent studies, however, show the presence of a big polymorphism within the TLR genes and the linkage between substitutions and susceptibility to various infections. Moreover, different recognition ability seems to be utilized by different species and possibly breeds. In this study, we characterized the protein coding region of ovine TLR9 gene. By using comparative analysis of two closely related species and humans, we suggest, which characteristics of protein could be responsible for altered recognition. Furthermore, analyzing the presence of the substitutions, we show the intraspecies polymorphism and its possible implications, while attempting to define the association of discovered substitutions with the maedi visna infection.