Low serum high density lipoprotein is associated with the greatest risk of metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults

Aims

Better understanding risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) will allow early targeted intervention to mitigate long term risk. We aim to determine the disparate impact of each individual MetS component on overall risk of developing MetS, stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, and age.

Contribution of sleep characteristics to the association between obstructive sleep apnea and dyslipidemia

Objectives/backgroundLittle information is available about the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with atherogenic dyslipidemia and the contribution of sleep characteristics to lipid alterations. We compare dyslipidemia prevalence among non-apneic subjects and mild-severe OSA patients to identify the sleep characteristics that are independently associated with dyslipidemia and serum lipid levels in OSA patients.Patients/methodsWe recruited 809 consecutive patients who had been referred for polysomnography study by OSA suspicion. Anthropometric characteristics, body composition and comorbidities were recorded. Spirometry and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed the same day of the sleep study. The day after attended polysomnography, fasting blood samples were drawn to measure the lipid profile.ResultsDyslipidemia prevalence increased with the presence of OSA, from non-OSA subjects to mild, moderate and severe OSA patients (31%, 33%, 42% and 51%, respectively; p < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index and smoking habit, only severe OSA had an independent association with dyslipidemia when compared to non-OSA subjects (adjusted odds ratio 1.71, 95%CI 1.09 to 2.69, p = 0.019). In OSA patients, multivariate logistic regression identified active smoking, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and mean nocturnal saturation as variables independently associated with dyslipidemia. However, in these patients, arousal index, slow wave sleep duration and REM latency were also independently associated with cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels.ConclusionsThe association between dyslipidemia and OSA is limited to severe patients, with high AHI and nocturnal hypoxemia. However, sleep fragmentation and increased sympathetic activity could also contribute to OSA-related lipid dysregulation.     

Can persistent organic pollutants distinguish between two opposite metabolic phenotypes in lean Koreans?

Aims

This study investigated the association of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an emerging new risk factor for type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, with the presence of opposite phenotypes of glucose and lipid metabolism among normal-weight Koreans of similar body composition.

心脑宁胶囊治疗血脂代谢异常的临床疗效及安全性观察

目的：观察心脑宁胶囊治疗血脂代谢异常的临床疗效及安全性。方法将86例血脂代谢异常的患者随机分为治疗组（44例）和对照组（42例）。两组均予相同的基础治疗,对照组加用辛伐他汀（40 mg,晚间服）,治疗组加用心脑宁胶囊（每次3粒,每日3次）,1个疗程均为12周,观察记录治疗前后血脂指标及症状积分的变化。结果治疗组总有效率为88.6%,显著高于对照组（69.0%,掊2=6.58,P<0.01）。治疗后治疗组TC、TG、LDL-C的降低程度显著优于对照组,HDL-C升高程度显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组症状积分改善情况优于对照组（掊2=9.89,P<0.01）。治疗组未出现毒副反应。结论心脑宁胶囊改善血脂代谢指标疗效显著、安全可靠,且能更好地减轻临床症状。     

High Physical Activity is Associated with an Improved Lipid Profile and Resting Heart Rate among Healthy Middle-aged Chinese People

Objective To investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on dyslipidemia and elevated resting heart rate (RHR) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in China. Methods We recruited community-based individuals who were 40-60 years old using a cluster sampling method. The PA levels of the participants were classified as low, moderate, or high, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Dyslipidemia was defined as the detection of abnormalities in lipid indicators, and 4 lipid parameters were evaluated using fasting blood samples. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of PA with dyslipidemia and RHR. Results A total of 10,321 participants (38.88% men) were included in this study. The percentages of individuals with high, moderate, and low PA levels were 46.5%, 43.9%, and 9.6%, respectively. In both men and women, high PA provided odds ratios of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.94] for dyslipidemia and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.92) for elevated RHR, compared to participants with low PA. Conclusion Our data suggested that substantial health benefits (related to dyslipidemia and elevated RHR) occurred at higher intensity PA, with greater energy consumption, in middle-aged Chinese people, and particularly in men.     

代谢综合征其它组分与高血压的关系

2005年4月,国际糖尿病联盟统一使用"代谢综合征"概括相关临床表型,其主要成分包括中心性肥胖、血脂代谢异常、血糖升高和(或)胰岛素抵抗及高血压。其中,高血压的发生原因复杂,代谢综合征中的其它组分包括中心性肥胖、血脂代谢异常、胰岛素抵抗等最终都能引起高血压并影响其发展过程,其中,中心性肥胖的影响最为关键。代谢综合征是2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的高危因素,早期诊断和早期干预,有助于2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的防治。本文综述代谢综合征其它组分与高血压的关系。     

血脂康治疗2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的临床观察

目的：观察血脂康治疗2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择2012年5月～2014年4月在天津市红桥区咸阳北路街社区卫生服务中心门诊就诊的2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的患者65例,所有患者随机分为治疗组和对照组两组,对照组33例,给予安慰剂治疗;治疗组32例,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用血脂康胶囊口服,疗程为2个月,之后进行疗效评价。结果治疗组患者的甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）改善均优于对照组。结论血脂康治疗2型糖尿病合并血脂异常疗效确切安全。     

围绝经女性糖尿病微血管病变与血脂异常的相关性研究

目的：：探讨血脂异常与围绝经期女性糖尿病微血管病变发生的相关性。方法：围绝经期女性2型糖尿病患者120例,依据有无糖尿病微血管病变分为病例组和对照组,每组60例。分别检测两组的血脂、血压、空腹血糖(FBG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)等指标。结果：病例组患者的病程、FBG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、HbA1C、收缩压明显高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组年龄、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、体重指数、舒张压比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,病程、FBG、LDL-C、HbA1C是糖尿病微血管病变的独立危险因素。结论：LDL-C升高和高血糖与围绝经期女性2型糖尿病微血管病变的发生密切相关。     

Differential risk factors and morbidity/mortality pattern in type 2 diabetes: A study among two Mendelian populations with different ancestry (India)

Background and aims:Association studies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with risk factors have shown variable results. Moreover, population-specific comparative investigations are negligible. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the association of dyslipidemia and obesity with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM among two ethnically, geographically and culturally different populations in India.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study among Jats and Meiteis, each inhabiting a separate geographical region. A total of 2371 individuals, age ≥30 years were recruited through household survey. Obesity variables were captured using anthropometric measurements while fasting blood (2.5 mL) was drawn to measure lipid and glucose levels using enzymatic assay by spectrophotometer. Participants were categorized under normal, IFG and T2DM groups, indicative of diabetes progression stages. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 version.Results:Significant differential distribution of lipid and obesity variables among IFG and T2DM in both populations were observed. Odds ratio revealed high TC and all obesity variables except BMI posed significant increased risk for T2DM among Jats. Abnormal TG, VLDL, WC, and WHtR posed significant increased risk for T2DM among Meiteis. Age-cohort wise prevalence of T2DM showed increasing trend at ≥60 years among Jats and decreasing trend at ≥60 years among Meiteis, suggesting a potential higher morbidity in the former and mortality in latter because of T2DM.Conclusions:The present study observed a differential association of risk factors for T2DM among Jats and Meiteis. This study emphasize the need to implement community-specific intervention programs for prevention, treatment and management of T2DM.     

Predicting dyslipidemia after liver transplantation:A significant role of recipient metabolic inflammation profile

BACKGROUND Post-transplant dyslipidemia(PTDL) is a common complication in liver recipients and can cause morbidity and threaten graft function. The crosstalk between metabolic inflammation and dyslipidemia has been recently revealed. However,the role of grafts' and recipients' metabolic status in the development of PTDL has not been evaluated.AIM To investigate the association of recipients' metabolic inflammation status with PTDL and construct a predictive model.METHODS A total of 396 adult patients who received primary liver transplantation between2015 and 2017 were enrolled. Metabolomics and cytokines were analyzed using recipients' pre-transplant peripheral blood in a training set(n = 72). An integrated prediction model was established according to the clinical risk factors and metabolic inflammation compounds and further verified in a validation set(n = 144).RESULTS The serum lipid profile took 3 mo to reach homeostasis after liver transplantation.A total of 278(70.2%) liver recipients developed PTDL during a follow-up period of 1.78(1.00, 2.97) years. The PTDL group showed a significantly lower tumorfree survival and overall survival than the non-PTDL group in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(n = 169). The metabolomic analysis showed that metabolic features discriminating between the PTDL and non-PTDL groups were associated with lipid and glucose metabolism-associated pathways. Among metabolites and cytokines differentially expressed between the two groups,interleukin-12(p70) showed the best diagnostic accuracy and significantly increased the predictive value when it was incorporated into the clinical model in both training and validation sets.CONCLUSION Recipients' pre-transplant serum interleukin-12(p70) level is associated with the risk of PTDL and has potential clinical value for predicting PTDL.