定量组织速度显像评价高血压病患者左心室舒张功能的研究

目的研究高血压病患者左室整体舒张功能变化及定量组织速度显像（QTW）估测的舒张功能参数与常规二尖瓣血流参数的相关关系。方法依照左室质量指数将高血压组患者分为左室肥厚组（LVH group，n=53）与非左室肥厚组（N—LVHgroup，n=50）。应用M型超声测量舒张期室间隔厚度（IVSd）、左室后壁厚度（LVPWd）、左室内径（LVEDD），常规脉冲多普勒测量二尖瓣舒张期E波峰速度（E）、A波峰速度（A）、计算E／A比值。利用QTVI技术测量二尖瓣环六位点舒张期早期运动速度（e）、舒张期晚期运动速度（a）、计算e／a。同时计算六位点平均速度（em、am、em／am）以及E／em，比较三组舒张功能指标的差异及各参数间的相关关系。结果高血压病LVH组及N—LVH组与正常对照组比较，多项舒张功能指标（e、a、e／a、em、am、em／am以及E／em）差异具有显著性（P〈0．05），二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度与二尖瓣多普勒血流速度相关。结论高血压病无论是否存在左室肥厚均有舒张功能损害，QTVI为定量评价高血压病左室舒张功能提供了一种新方法。     

Chronic subdural haematomas in patients aged under 50

The clinical findings in 31 patients with chronic subdural haematoma (CSH), aged between 20 and 50, are described. Aetiopathogenetic factors responsible for the formation of CSH match those of patients aged over 50 with CSH. A history of cranial trauma was present in 77% of the cases. In the remaining patients, a defect of haemostatic mechanisms was responsible for the subdural blood collection. On the computed tomography (CT) the haematoma generally appears as a thin subdural layer. The reliability of magnetic resonance imaging for detection of CSH makes it the most desirable investigation in such patients. Prognosis is influenced by preoperative clinical status and by the disease responsible for the formation of CSH.     

医学成像技术的进展

医学成像技术在最近几年中有了飞速的发展，新的成像方法不断涌现，已有的成像方式不断完善。从平面到立体、从局部到整体、从静态到动态、从形态到功能已成为医学成像技术发展的趋势。文中简要介绍分子成像、近红外热成像等新的成像方式。     

IP板对CR影像质量影响探讨

IP板是CR影像系统的重要组成部分,本文通过我院近几年由于IP板原因产生影像质量问题的各种原因分析,探讨如何正确使用IP板,提高CR的影像质量.     

医用磁感应阻抗成像敏感性基础研究

在设计并实现了1个16通道的磁感应阻抗成像系统的基础上，为了研究成像算法，考察了测量信号的幅度和相位与被测物的位置之间的关系。基于成像系统，采用高精度鉴幅和鉴相的方法进行信息提取。得到了感应信号的幅度与相位沿水平和竖直方向的变化规律，绘制了敏感性变化曲线。结果表明：测量位置不同，检测到的感应信号有很大变化，变化趋势是有规律的，对这种规律的研究有利于更好地重建图像。     

多层螺旋CT灌注成像在星形细胞瘤术前分级中的应用价值及与肿瘤血管生成的相关性研究

目的:探讨CT灌注成像在星形细胞瘤术前分级及在肿瘤血管生成中的作用和价值。方法:手术病理证实且在术前1个月内做CT灌注成像的星形细胞瘤病人27例,低级星形细胞瘤13例,高级星形细胞瘤14例。测量病变区CBF值、CBV值及PS值,对低级星形细胞瘤、高级星形细胞瘤的CT灌注各参数值进行显著性分析,同时做低级与高级星形细胞瘤组的CBV值与肿瘤MVD的相关性分析,P<0.05被认为有统计学意义。结果:星形细胞瘤的CBF值、CBV值及PS值均较正常脑组织升高,低级星形细胞瘤病变区的rCBF 1.39±0.19,rCBV 2.28±0.32,rPS 6.58±2.66;高级星形细胞瘤病变区的rCBF 4.96±2.17,rCBV 4.69±1.98,rPS 19.19±9.19。2者有显著性差异。低级星形细胞瘤与高级星形细胞瘤的CBV值与肿瘤的MVD之间呈明显的正相关(r=0.809,P<0.01)。结论:CT灌注成像对星形细胞瘤术前分级有较高的临床应用价值。CT灌注CBV值与MVD相关。CT灌注CBV图是活体检测肿瘤血管生成的良好工具。     

经皮穴位电刺激对粘连期肩关节周围炎的治疗作用

目的观察经皮穴位电刺激对粘连期肩周炎的治疗作用及与电针治疗的效应异同。方法采用规范化、标准化的诊断和疗效评价标准,明确和固定各治疗参数,以肩部疼痛和肩关节活动为观察指标,194例粘连期肩关节周围炎患者分别进行经皮穴位电刺激和电针治疗。结果经皮穴位电刺激对粘连期肩周炎的总有效率达到96·9%,电针刺激对粘连期肩周炎的总有效率达到97·9%,2组比较无明显差异;经皮穴位电刺激疗法不仅能有效止痛,对粘连期的肩关节活动障碍也有明显的改善作用。结论经皮穴位电刺激为治疗肩周炎有效、简便的疗法。     

多发性硬化的临床观察

目的　探讨多发性硬化 (MS)的临床特点。方法　综合分析 4 1例MS患者的一般临床资料、病变部位、重要辅助检查及治疗转归。结果　MS多见于青年女性 ,病程多出现缓解与复发 ,上呼吸道感染、劳累可为其诱因 ,磁共振成像 (MRI)、电生理、免疫学有助诊断 ,视神经、脊髓受累多见 ,脑脊液显示免疫活性增高 ,糖皮质激素 +免疫抑制剂治疗有效。结论　根据临床特点、结合MRI、神经电生理及脑脊液免疫学能明显提高临床确诊率。     

A pilot study using magnetic resonance imaging to determine the pattern of muscle group recruitment by rowers with different levels of experience

Objective. To determine whether it was possible using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to define the pattern of muscle recruitment in a specific sport (rowing) and to see whether there were differences in this pattern between athletes of different experience. Design and method. It has been shown that during vigorous exercise the water content of muscle increases transiently. This can be observed using MRI, where the prolonged T2 relaxation time of muscle can be demonstrated. In this study we have exploited the increase in signal seen in exercised muscle on short TI inversion recovery (STIR) sequences, to show how rowers of different experience use different muscle groups. Results.We have shown that trained athletes recruit selected muscle groups to carry out a given task, which they carry out more efficiently than untrained or less experienced athletes. Conclusion.We have provided the basis of potential research to refine training methods, in order to develop specific muscle groups in athletes, in the hope of achieving a higher level of performance at an earlier stage in their training. We have also defined a technique that may be of clinical value in cases of muscle dysfunction. Received: 13 September 1999 Revision requested: 19 November 1999 Revision received: 30 December 1999 Accepted: 4 January 2000     

MR动态增强扫描在前列腺癌诊断及鉴别诊断中的应用价值(英文)

目的通过绘制时间信号强度曲线,探讨 MRI 快速序列动态增强在前列腺癌诊断及鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对5例无泌尿系症状健康对照者、13例经病理证实的前列腺癌及36例前列腺增生行 MR 平扫、动态增强及延迟扫描,测量并计算病灶和正常组织的相对信号强度值,并绘制正常周围带、前列腺癌与增生三者的时间信号强度曲线。结果正常周围带轻度强化,并缓慢上升至晚期达峰值;36例前列腺增生早期明显强化并逐渐上升至中晚期达峰值后缓慢下降;13例前列腺癌中9例早期明显强化,并快速下降,4例 T_2WI 像上弥漫性病灶呈现中晚期强化。结论正常周围带、前列腺癌及前列腺增生的动态强化方式明显不同,应用动态增强扫描可对前列腺癌的诊断与鉴别诊断起积极作用。