红花注射液预防屈指肌腱损伤术后肌腱粘连的临床观察

目的评价红花注射液预防肌腱粘连的疗效。方法 60例屈指肌腱损伤患者,随机分成红花注射液组和迪康生物膜组,肌腱吻合术后分别应用红花注射液喷涂和生物膜包裹预防肌腱粘连。观察术后4周和8周肌腱总主动活动度及屈指肌腱肌力的变化。结果 60例患者创口均I期愈合,术后4周红花注射液组肌腱总主活动度优于对照组(P<0.05),术后8周肌腱总主活动度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后指抓屈力量2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论红花注射液可应用于预防屈指肌腱损伤术后肌腱粘连。     

Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With Liver Disease

Patients with liver disease are at increased risks of both thrombotic and bleeding complications. Many have atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) necessitating oral anticoagulant agents (OACs). Recent evidence has contradicted the assumption that patients with liver disease are “auto-anticoagulated” and thus protected from thrombotic events. Warfarin and non–vitamin K–antagonist OACs have been shown to reduce thrombotic events safely in patients with either AF or VTE. However, patients with liver disease have largely been excluded from trials of OACs. Because all currently approved OACs undergo metabolism in the liver, hepatic dysfunction may cause increased bleeding. Thus, the optimal anticoagulation strategy for patients with AF or VTE who have liver disease remains unclear. This review discusses pharmacokinetic and clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of OACs in patients with liver disease and provides a practical, clinically oriented approach to the management of OAC therapy in this population.     

Role of Hysteroscopy Prior to Assisted Reproduction Techniques

Study ObjectiveTo determine whether diagnostic hysteroscopy before assisted reproduction techniques (ΑRT) in women without known disease of the uterine cavity is necessary.DesignProspective cohort clinical study.SettingReproductive medicine clinic.PatientsThe study group consisted of 217 infertile women attending the Reproductive Clinic for examination before undergoing ART, either in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.InterventionsPatients underwent transvaginal sonography (TVS) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) for initial evaluation. If there were no abnormal intrauterine findings, diagnostic hysteroscopy was additionally performed.Measurements and Main ResultsThe safety and diagnostic value of hysteroscopy before ART was examined. Diagnostic hysteroscopy was performed successfully, without complications, in all 217 women. Ninety-five (43.7%) had a history of ART failures (group 1), and 122 (56.3%) had undergone no previous ART attempts (group 2). In 148 women (68.2%), findings at hysteroscopy were normal, whereas in 69 (31.8%), hysteroscopy revealed intrauterine lesions (polyps, septa, submucosal leiomyomas, or synechiae) that led to operative hysteroscopy. The most common intrauterine abnormality was the presence of endometrial polyps in 26 patients (12%). The total percentage of abnormal intrauterine findings was higher in women with a history of repeated ART failures in comparison with those with no history of ART attempts. No statistically significant difference in the outcome of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection was observed between women with normal hysteroscopic findings and patients with hysteroscopically corrected endometrial disease.ConclusionSensitivity of diagnostic hysteroscopy is significantly higher than TVS and HSG in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions. Diagnostic hysteroscopy should be performed before ART in all patients, including women with normal TVS and/or HSG findings, because a significant percentage of them have undiagnosed uterine disease that may impair the success of fertility treatment.     

Effectiveness and Safety of Computer-controlled Periodontal Ligament Injection System in Endodontic Access to the Mandibular Posterior Teeth

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a computer-controlled periodontal ligament （PDL） injection system to the local soft tissues as the primary technique in endodontic access to mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Methods A total of 162 Chinese patients who had been diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in their mandibular posterior teeth without acute infection or inflammation in the periodontal tissues were enrolled in this clinical study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the position of the involved tooth： the premolar group （PM, z2=38）, first molar group （FM, n=66）, and second molar group （SM, n=58）. All the patients received computer-controlled PDL injection with 4% articaine and 1 ＇ 100 000 epinephrine. Immediately after the injection, endodontic access was performed, and the degree of pain during the treatment was evaluated by the patients using Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The success rates were compared among the 3 groups. The responses of local soft tissues were evaluated 3-8 days and 3 weeks after the procedure. Results The overall success rate was 76.5%. There was a significant difference in success rates among the PM, FM, and SM groups （92.1%, 53.0%, 93.1%, respectively; 2 X =34.3, P〈0.01）. Both the PM and SM groups showed higher success rates than that of the FM group （v=l, f=16.73, P〈0.01, v=l, Z = 4.5, X2 2 P〈0.01）. No irreversible adverse effects on the periodontal soft tissues at the injection sites were observed in the follow-up visits in any of the groups. Conclusion The computer-controlled PDL injection system demonstrates both satisfactory anesthetic effects and safety in local soft tissues as primary anesthetic technique in endodontic access to the mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis.     

谷红注射剂联合尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效

目的探讨谷红注射剂联合尼麦角林治疗血管性痴呆（VD）的临床疗效。方法将VD患者120例，随机分为联用组和单用组，每组各60例。在常规药物治疗的基础上，单用组给予尼麦角林20mg，po，tid；联用组则在单用组基础上给予谷红注射剂20mL＋0．9％氯化钠溶液250mL，ivgtt，qd。治疗8周后，比较2组治疗前后简易智力状况检查量表（MMSE）、韦克斯勒记忆量表（WMS）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）和社会内向量表（SI）的评分情况。结果联用组治疗前后MMSE、WMS、SI和ADL评分改善情况均明显优于单用组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论谷红注射剂联合尼麦角林治疗VD的临床疗效确切。     

Substance-abusing mothers and fathers' willingness to allow their children to receive mental health treatment

The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes of substance-abusing mothers and fathers entering outpatient treatment toward allowing their children to participate in individual- or family-based interventions. Data were collected from a brief anonymous survey completed by adults at intake into a large substance abuse treatment program in western New York. Only one-third of parents reported that they would be willing to allow their children to participate in any form of mental health treatment. Results of chi-square analyses revealed that a significantly greater proportion of mothers reported that they would allow their children to participate in mental health treatment (41%) compared to fathers (28%). Results of logistic regression analyses revealed even after controlling for child age, mothers were more likely than fathers to indicate their willingness to allow their children to receive mental health treatment; however, type of substance abuse (alcohol versus drug abuse) was not associated with parents' willingness to allow their children to receive treatment. Parental reluctance to allow their children to receive individual or family-based treatment is a significant barrier in efforts to intervene with these at-risk children.     

葛根素注射液联合巴曲酶治疗突发性耳聋的临床疗效观察

目的 研究葛根素注射液联合巴曲酶治疗突发性耳聋的临床效果。方法 选择2016年2月—2016年12月在榆林市星元医院进行诊治的突发性耳聋患者78例，随机分为两组，每组各39例。对照组给予巴曲酶注射液，每次10 BU，加入500 mL生理盐水中稀释后进行静脉滴注，每两天1次。观察组在对照组基础上联合静脉滴注葛根素注射液治疗，将0.4 g葛根素注射液加入250 mL生理盐水中进行静脉滴注，每天1次。两组均治疗10 d。比较两组的临床治疗效果，以及治疗前后的活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间和血浆纤维蛋白原，全血黏度低切、血细胞比容、全血黏度高切、血浆黏度和纯音听阈值。结果 观察组的有效率为89.74%，明显高于对照组的71.79%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后的凝血酶时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间以及凝血酶原时间均明显升高，血浆纤维蛋白原明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且两组间相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后的全血黏度低切、血细胞比容、全血黏度高切及血浆黏度均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且观察组明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后的纯音听阈值均明显改善，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且观察组明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 葛根素注射液联合巴曲酶治疗突发性耳聋的临床效果明显优于单独使用巴曲酶，不仅可以有效改善患者的临床症状还可以改善血液流变学状态以及血液高凝状态。     

Psychopharmacology and Cardiovascular Disease

This review discusses common mental health disorders and their associations with cardiovascular disease risks. Commonly found mental health disorders include depression, anxiety, and personality types. The link between depression and cardiovascular disease mortality has been established. Depression is also common in patients with heart failure. In addition to discussing psychological disorders, a review of psychotropic drugs is also included. Drugs are described for therapy for depression and anxiety, as well as associations with cardiovascular drug-drug interactions. Drug-drug interactions are more common and potentially dangerous in elderly patients, in whom the conditions often coexist. The most common drug-drug interactions involve the P450 system of enzymes.