新生大鼠反复惊厥对NMDA受体表达的长期影响

目的：研究反复惊厥对大鼠脑内N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体表达，以及成年期认知功能和惊厥阈的长期影响。方法：生后6d(用P6表示，下同)的Wistar大鼠随机分成两组，每组6只，惊厥组每日吸入三氟乙醚诱导惊厥发作1次，每次持续30min，连续6d；对照组同样操作但不吸入三氟乙醚。两组大鼠于P60-P65行Morris水迷宫实验，检测大鼠的学习记忆功能。于P75时给予大鼠腹腔注射戊四唑(PTZ)测定大鼠的惊厥阈。随即断头处死大鼠，分离大脑皮质和海马，匀浆提取细胞膜蛋白，应用免疫印记法测定NMDA受体亚基l(NRl)和NR2A-2D表达的变化。结果：从P6l至P65，两组大鼠寻找平台时间均逐渐缩短，惊厥组大鼠在P65的平均寻找平台时间较对照组显著延长。惊厥组大鼠注射PTZ后发生惊厥的潜伏期与对照组比较差异无显著性。在大脑皮层，惊厥组大鼠较对照组NRl和NR2B表达水平明显下调，在海马这两种亚基表达水平无明显改变，在大脑皮层和海马区，惊厥组较对照组NR2A表达水平明显下调，NR2C表达水平明显上调。两组在皮层和海马均无NR2D表达。结论；新生大鼠反复惊厥可导致远期认知障碍，同时伴有NMDA受体的数量和结构上的长期改变，NMDA受体表达的这种改变可能在发育期惊厥导致的脑长期认知功能损害中起重要作用。     

Evaluating podiatry services: Testing a treatment specific measure of health status

This study reports on the preliminary testing of a new measure designed for use alongside EQ-5D in evaluating outcomes in podiatry: the Podiatry Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Individuals aged 18 years or more, receiving podiatry services in clinic or domicilliary locations across four NHS Trusts in Yorkshire and Humberside UK took part in a questionnaire survey. Respondents reported high levels of problems on all six PHQ dimensions. Correlations suggested that the PHQ and EQ-5D were measuring distinct constructs. The levels on each dimension were well defined in terms of self-rated morbidity on the PHQ visual analogue scale (PHQ_vas) and the EQ-5D_vas, although PHQ_vas appeared to be slightly more sensitive to changes in health on the dimensions. There was a strong relationship between clinicians' Podiatry Clinical Score rating and reported symptoms for four out of six PHQ dimensions and PHQ_vas. The PHQ was able to distinguish respondents in terms of their self-reported morbidity in EQ-5D and in terms of their morbidity as assessed by clinicians. It is suggested that the respondent completed PHQ appears to be a useful new measure for assessing foot-related health. However, further investigation of the psychometric properties of the measure is required.     

反义核酸技术及应用

反义核酸技术是用人工合成的或生物合成的特定互补的DNA或RNA片段阻断从基因到蛋白的信息流 ,以达到抑制或阻断基因表达的生物新技术。利用核酸分子杂交原理将反义寡核苷酸 (antisenseoligonucleotide,ASON)作为外源性基因表达抑制物结合到靶mRNA序列上阻止其翻译成蛋白[1 ] 。具有杂交特异性和选择性调节基因的表达的特点[2 ] ,这一技术不仅已成为常用的实验室研究方法 ,还广泛的应用于研究病毒、肿瘤、寄生虫和遗传性疾病的预防和治疗 ,具有重要的应用前景。对于人类基因的研究 ,人们采用分子克隆、分子杂交、PCR技术等一系列研究…     

TIL／rIL－2免疫过继疗法治疗晚期瘤性胸水初探

７例晚期瘤性胸水的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ）经体外诱导培养３～１２ｄ，扩增１～９倍．其ＣＤ８及ＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞百分率增加２．４３和２．７６倍；ＮＫ活力增加３．２９倍，与培养前后比较有显著差异。ＴＩＬ／ｒＩＬ－２（重组人白细胞介素２）胸腔内回输后，４例胸水及胸水中肿瘤细胞消失，癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）回至正常水平，２例胸水减少，１例因多房性胸水停止治疗，ＣＥＡ水平上升。经１～８个月随访患者心、肝、肾功能正常。     

Postnatal development of the hamster coclea. I. Growth of hair cells and the organ of Corti

A morphometric analysis of the developing organ of Corti and its component hair cells was carried out in an age-graded series of Syrian golden hamsters with the aid of scanning electron microscopy. The purpose was to establish a quantitative framework that would provide insight into the rules and principles by which the mammalian cochlea attains its adult proportions. This study examined postnatal development at two day intervals from birth to 22 days after birth. Our analysis included measures of cochlear length and hair cell numbers as well as measures of hair cell sizes in each of five sectors along the cochlear spiral. Our results demonstrate several principles of cochlear development: (1) The full two and one-fourths turns seen in the adult cochlea are already present at birth, but the cochlea continues to elongate for the next 10–12 days. (2) Development of hair cells in the apex generally lags behind that in the base. Whereas the stereocilia and apical margins of hair cells are clearly defined in the basal turn, they become well defined in the apex only postnatally. (3) Growth in cochlear length occurs mainly by increases in cell size rather than in cell numbers; although hair cells do increase in numbers during the first 4 days of cochlear growth, this increase involves addition of hair cells only to preexisting regions of the cochlear apex. Moreover, the full complement of hair cells is established 6 days before the full size of the cochlea is attained; in contrast, hair cell growth occurs at all positions along the cochlear spiral and spans the entire period of cochlear elongation. (4) The period of hair cell growth exceeds the period of organ of Corti growth and appears to be possible by decreases in intercellular spacing, primarily in the apical region of the cochlea; inner and outer hair cell growth was complete between 16 and 18 days after birth. (5) Inner and outer hair cell neighbors remain virtually constant at different ages indicating that the spatial relationships between the two hair cell populations is preserved as the cochlea grows. (6) Comparison with previous developmental studies of auditory function in the hamster reveals that the age of 16 days after birth, when hair cells attain their mature sizes, coincides with the onset of brainstem auditory evoked responses. Growth of hair cell somas alone, however, cannot explain either the subsequent maturation of evoked potential thresholds or changes in frequency representation in the developing cochlea. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

大肠癌组织中免疫抑制因子和病理分期关系的探讨

本文观察16例大肠癌病人的癌组织培养上清液对人T细胞的增殖,ZL—2产生的影响和病理Dukes分期的关系,发现癌组织的TDSF对T细胞的增殖有显著抑制作用,对ZL—2的产生抑制作用不明显,对T细胞增殖率在DukesA与B期,其值与对照有显著差异(0.01P<0.05).在C期有非常显著差异(P<0.01).说明大肠癌组织确实分泌有能造成宿主免疫功能下降的抑制物质.且免疫作用不是通过ZL—2环节发生.     

Stimulation of tumor growthin vitro andin vivo by suramin on the VX2 model

Suramin is an antitrypanosomal compound with confirmed efficacy against several human malignancies. It is generally assumed that its mechanism of action includes the interaction with different growth factors, unlike most of the anticancer drugs. Its anticancer activity has not been testedin vivo against squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of suraminin vivo andin vitro on the VX2 tumor model at therapeutic monitored plasma concentrations. We determined the pharmacokinetics of suramin in rabbits, and modelized its administration in order to obtain plasma concentrations between 150 and 300 μg/ml throughout the treatment course of 3 weeks. Under these conditions, antitumor effects of suramin were evaluatedin vivo by comparing liver tumor involvement in suramin-treated and control rabbits. Liver involvement was quantified by image analysis andin vitro effects were also determined at the same concentrations.In vivo, suramin promoted liver tumor growth significantly (p<0.05), compared to untreated controls.In vitro, suramin significantly stimulated tumor cell growth at concentrations above 200 μg/ml (p<0.01). Suramin may have stimulatory effects on tumor growth in squamous cell carcinoma at relevant plasma drug concentrations. Caution should be taken in further trials in patients with squamous cell carcinomas.     

RP－HPLC法测定复合维生素B片中维生素B_1、B_2、B_6和烟酰胺的含量

用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法（固定相为μＢｏｎｄｐａｋ Ｃ１８柱，流动相为己烷磺酸钠冰醋酸液，紫外检测波长为２８０ｎｍ）同时测定出复合维生素Ｂ片中四个组分的含量，方法专属性强，省时；维生素Ｂ１、Ｂ２、Ｂ６和烟酰胺的平均回收率和平均相对标准偏差分别为１００．５％，２．０％；９８．０％，１．９％；１０１．８％，１．１％；１００．１％，２．１％（ｎ＝３）。     

血清白细胞介素－2受体的测定在脑血管性痴呆诊治中意义的探讨

目的 :检测脑血管性痴呆患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素 - 2 (s IL- 2 R)水平 ,评价 s IL- 2 R的测定在诊治脑血管性痴呆中的价值。方法 :采用双抗体夹心的 EL ISA法检测脑血管性痴呆患者血清中 s IL- 2 R的水平。结果 :脑血管性痴呆患者血清中的 s IL- 2 R水平较健康对照组显著增高 ,两组比较差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :检测脑血管性痴呆患者血清中 s IL- 2 R水平 ,有助于了解患者的免疫功能变化及疗效观察     

生长抑素受体亚型在人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2中表达

背景与目的：生长抑素受体（somatostatin receptor SSTR）在许多肿瘤组织均有表达，为生长抑素类似物如奥曲肽用于这些肿瘤的治疗提供了生物学基础，但对生长抑素受体在鼻咽癌中表达情况的研究甚少。本研究旨在了解生长抑素受体基因在鼻咽癌细胞中的表达情况，为生长抑素类似物用于鼻咽癌治疗的进一步研究提供试验基础。方法：采用RT—PCR法和SP免疫组化法联合检测体外培养的人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2的SSTRs表达，并对PCR mRNA产物测序以鉴定结果。结果：RT—PCR提示人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2分别表达生长抑素受体亚型SSTR1、SSTR2、SSTR4；免疫组化结果：人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2表达SSTR1、SSTR2A为强阳性（〉60％），表达SSTR4为弱阳性、SSTR2介于两者之间、SSTR3和SSTR5则无表达。结论：我们的研究证实人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2有多种生长抑素受体亚型基因表达，且以表达SSTR1、SSTR2较多。